Cellular respiration quizWhich of the following statements describes the results of this reaction?C6H12O6 + 6 O2 --> 6 CO2 + 6 H2O + Energy *

The synthesis of ATP by oxidative phosphorylation, using the energy released by the movement of protons across the membrane down their electrochemical gradient, is an example of

an endergonic reaction coupled to an exergonic reaction

Why is glycolysis described as having an investment phase and a payoff phase?

it uses stored ATP and then forms a net increase in ATP

The electron transport chain uses energy to pump H+ into which location in eukaryotic cells?

mitochondrial intermembrane space

During aerobic respiration, H2O is formed. Where does the oxygen atom for the formation of the water come from?

molecular oxygen (O2)

Carbon dioxide (CO2) is released during which of the following stages of cellular respiration?

oxidation of pyruvate to acetyl CoA and the citric acid cycle

One function of both alcohol fermentation and lactic acid fermentation is to

oxidize NADH to NAD+.

Which of the following most accurately describes what is happening along the electron transport chain?

Each electron carrier alternates between being reduced and being oxidized.

During glycolysis, when each molecule of glucose is catabolized to two molecules of pyruvate, most of the potential energy contained in glucose is

retained in the two pyruvates

You have a friend who lost 7 kg (about 15 pounds) of fat on a regimen of strict diet and exercise. How did the fat leave her body?

It was released as CO2 and H2O

The ATP made during fermentation is generated by which of the following?

substrate-level phosphorylation

Which of the following normally occurs regardless of whether or not oxygen (O2) is present?

glycolysis

Substrate-level phosphorylation accounts for approximately what percentage of the ATP formed by the reactions of glycolysis?

100%

Which of the following statements describes the results of this reaction?C6H12O6 + 6 O2 --> 6 CO2 + 6 H2O + Energy

C6H12O6 is oxidized and 02 is reduced

Which of the following statements describes NAD+?

NAD+ is reduced to NADH during glycolysis, pyruvate oxidation, and the citric acid cycle.

In cellular respiration, the energy for most ATP synthesis is supplied by

a proton gradient across a membrane

The primary role of oxygen in cellular respiration is to

act as an acceptor for electrons and hydrogen, forming water.

Which kind of metabolic poison would most directly interfere with glycolysis?

an agent that closely mimics the structure of glucose but it is not metabolized

The process by which a proton gradient is used to create ATP

chemiosmosis

Where does glycolysis take place in eukaryotic cells?

cytosol

The process by which glucose is split into pyruvate producing two ATP and two NADH

glycolysis

As a scientist employed by the FDA, you've been asked to sit on a panel to evaluate a pharmaceutical company's application for approval of a new weight loss drug called Fat Away. The company has submitted a report summarizing the results of their animal and human testing. In the report, it was noted that Fat Away works by affecting the electron transport chain. It decreases the synthesis of ATP by making the mitochondrial membrane permeable to H+, which allows H+ to leak from the intermembrane space to the mitochondrial matrix. This effect leads to weight loss. Fat way prevents ATP from being made by

destroying the H+ gradient that allows ATP synthase to work.

A series of membrane-embedded electron carries that ultimately create the hydrogen ion gradient to drive the synthesis of ATP

electron transport chain

A process by which glucose is split to produce two ATP and lactic acid

fermentation

During aerobic respiration, electrons travel downhill in which sequence?

food --> NADH --> electron transport chain --> oxygen