Cellular transport - midterm

If the contents of a beaker are hypotonic in relation to the interior of the cell, water will a.enter the cell and lysis will occur b. enter the cell and crenation will occur c. exit the cell and lysis will occur. d. exit the cell and crenation will occur. e. both enter and exit the cell at equal rates so no let loss or gain occurs.

a

During _____ transport, substances move across the membrane from low to high concentration.

active

This movement is going _______ the concentration gradient.

against

In a(n) ______ solution in animal cells, there is no net movement of water.

isotonic

This will fuse with the membrane on the inside and ____ allowing the substance out of the cell.

open

movement of molecules from higher concentration to lower concentration passive movement of water no energy is required

osmosis

This type of diffusion requires a ______ carrier in the plasma membrane.

protein

Red blood cells put in a hypertonic solution will

shrivel and become crenated.

A 5% urea solution is hypotonic to a 10% urea solution. t or f?

true

Diffusion continues until the molecules, like the sugar in the animation, become evenly dispersed in a solvent, like the water in the animation. t or f?

true

Facilitated diffusion requires a specific transporter for a specific molecule. t or f?

true

An animal cell in a(n) ________ solution may lyse or burst open.

hypotonic

Human erythrocytes function best in a(n)

isotonic solution.

Osmosis is best defined as the movement of

water molecules across a membrane from an area of high water concentration to an area of lower concentration.

Solute concentration on either side of a semi-permeable membrane influences the net movement of water because

water moves down its concentration gradient, from areas of higher water concentration (low solute concentration) to areas of lower water concentration (high solute concentration).

At this stage, the substances will be inside a(n) _______.

vesicle

This type of diffusion also requires ______in order for the process to occur.

ATP

What is the relationship between the process of diffusion and a cell? a. Diffusion is one of the mechanisms by which cells exchange materials with the surrounding environment. b. Diffusion is the only way a cell can take materials in. c. Cells cannot undergo diffusion because they are surrounded by a plasma membrane. d. Diffusion is one process by which a cell can store excess glucose for quick energy.

a

This type of diffusion uses a protein carrier and energy, and is known as _____ transport.

active

Which of the following correctly defines diffusion? a. Diffusion is the movement of molecules from areas of high concentration to areas of low concentration, or against their concentration gradient. b. Diffusion is the movement of molecules from areas of high concentration to areas of low concentration, or down their concentration gradient.

b

Facilitated diffusion requires

carrier proteins.

If the contents of a beaker are hypertonic in relation to the interior of the cell, water will a.enter the cell and lysis will occur. b. enter the cell and crenation will occur. c. exit the cell and lysis will occur. d. exit the cell and crenation will occur e. both enter and exit the cell at equal rates so no let loss or gain occurs.

d

movement of molecules from higher concentration to lower concentration the way oxygen moves across a membrane no energy is required

diffusion

Red blood cells in an isotonic solution are

disc shaped

If the contents of a beaker are isotonic in relation to the interior of the cell, water will a. enter the cell and lysis will occur. b. enter the cell and crenation will occur. c. exit the cell and lysis will occur. d. exit the cell and crenation will occur. e. both enter and exit the cell at equal rates so no net loss or gain occurs.

e

Very large substances can _____ the cell by endocytosis.

enter

Red blood cells are also called

erythrocytes

In the opposite manner, large substances can leave the cell by ______.

exocytosis

This type of diffusion down a concentration gradient is known as _______ diffusion.

facilitated

movement of molecules from higher concentration to lower concentration require protein carriers the way glucose moves across a membrane no energy is required

facilitated transport

Facilitated diffusion occurs from an area of _____ to _____ concentration.

high, low

The substances are normally too _____ or too charged to diffuse through the membrane on their own.

large

hypertonic solution diagram

messed up cycle

Some substances cannot cross the membrane alone, they require the use of _____ carriers.

protein

Facilitated diffusion is used to transport

sugars and amino acids

Osmosis can best be described as -the diffusion of solutes from areas where the solute concentration is lower to areas where the solute concentration is higher. -the diffusion of water from areas where the water concentration is lower to areas where the water concentration is higher. -the diffusion of gas particles from areas where the water concentration is higher to areas where the water concentration is lower. -the diffusion of water from areas where the water concentration is higher to areas where the water concentration is lower.

the diffusion of water from areas where the water concentration is higher to areas where the water concentration is lower.

Which of the following is responsible for determining which direction water will diffuse across the plasma membrane of cells? Semipermeability Solubility Osmosis Tonicity

tonicity

Which of the following are necessary for diffusion to take place? Molecules to dissolve, called a solute A medium to dissolve in, which is often water, called a solvent A concentration gradient Energy Sugar

all

Red blood cells put in a hypotonic solution will

be destroyed by hemolysis.

If an animal cell is placed in distilled water containing no solutes, the cell will ______.

burst

If an animal cell is placed in salt water, the cell will _____.

crenate

Facilitated diffusion occurs a.into the cell only. b. out of the cell only. c. in either direction depending on the temperature. d. in either direction depending on the concentration gradient of the molecule.

d

Molecules dissolved in a solution are in constant motion due to their chemical energy. t or f?

false

Unlike simple diffusion, facilitated diffusion requires energy expenditure by the cell. t or f?

false

An animal cell in a(n) _______ solution will shrivel up or crenate.

hypertonic

isotonic solution diagram

no arrows

hypotonic solution diagram

normal cycle

During this process, the plasma membrane surrounds the substance and then fused with the _______ of the cell and opens into the cell to remove the substance.

outside

Which of the following will pass through a cell membrane most easily?

small nonpolar molecules

If a cell is placed in an isotonic medium, there will be no net movement of water. t or f?

true