Ceramics

Which culture created stirrup shaped portrait busts and believed that the vessels were a link to their sacred ancestors?

Chavin Civilization

What ceramic hand-building methods use snakelike rolls of clay which are layered and then their joints are smoothed over on the inside and/or outside of the vessel?

Coils

Who created the earliest glazes with a paste-like material made from clay and glaze-forming ingredients?

Glazes first appeared on stone materials in the 4th millennium BC, and Ancient Egyptian faience (fritware rather than clay-based) was self-glazing, as the material naturally formed a glaze-like crust in firing.

Which term refers to bone dry clay objects that have not been fired in a kiln?

Greencare

What is the furnace for firing ceramic products called?

Kiln

At which stage is clay stiff but still moist and generally the BEST time for carving and piercing?

Plastic

Which of the following Greek pottery forms is characterized with red and black figures on a twin handled form?

Red-figure Pottery

What principle of design is created by the repeating leopard design?

Repetition

Which of the following surface decoration techniques is created by scratching through engobes or underglazes to reveal the color of the clay below the surface?

Sgraffito

What is a formal system of balance where a pottery piece, if cut in half, would have equal parts?

Symmetrical balance

This Early Shang Dynasty three-legged pot could stand in the fire as a means of heating food. What clay forming technique did the ancient Chinese potter utilize by gently squeezing the clay into pointed three prong feet?

The bronze age

What is the process of forming clay on the potter's wheel called?

Throwing

Which of the following techniques serves to prepare clay by kneading it with the heels of the hands to remove air pockets and develop a uniform texture?

Wedging

Which glaze produces a soft gray-green color that was favored by the ancient Chinese because of its likeness to jade?

celadon ware

Maria Martinez revived the lost Native American art of black on black pottery. What surface polishing technique did she use on leatherhard clay to create the contrasting matte versus shiny black surface?

dry, powdered horse dung.

Which of the following steps reflect the correct order of the stages of a ceramic work before firing, from beginning to finished work? Circle the correct answer!

plastic, leatherhard, bone dry

What is typically the MOST common reason a piece of pottery may explode in the kiln?

residual moisture left in the clay body even when it appears bone dry