CGS 2060 Chapter #10

Define: ATM

(Asynchronous Transfer Mode) service that carries voice, data, video, and media at very high speeds

List uses for Bluetooth devices. Name advantages and disadvantages to using Bluetooth.

-communicate with other Bluetooth devices -connect GPS -transfer photos -play music adv: -free, do not have to be next to each other, use little energy disadv: -have to be relatively close, security risks, sometimes have interference

Name types of wireless transmission media. Differentiate among 1G, 2G, 3G, 4G, and 5G cellular transmissions.

-infrared: sends signals using infrared light waves -broadcast radio: radio signals through air over long distances -cellular radio: wide use for mobile communications. High frequency radio waves 1G:1st generation 2g: second generation, improved transmissions 3g: improved 4g: speeds up to 100 mbps 5g: future generation

List reasons home and business users create a network. Identify how network facilitate communications.

-share hardware: access to printers -share data and information: database of customer information -share software or access software on a network -transfer funds from one account to another

Name types of physical transmission media.

-twisted pair cable: consists of one or more twisted pair wires bundled together -coaxial cable: single copper wire surrounding by at least 3 layers (1) an insulating material (2) woven or braided metal (3) plastic outer coating

Describe how Wi-Fi enables users to connect to the Internet.

-wireless capabilities, communicate via radio waves with other computers or devices

Explain P2P file sharing. Name file sharing programs.

P2P: peer to peer network; connects fewer than 10 computers. -each computer is a peer -share hardware, data, information -ideal for small business owners; exchange files

Explain how RFID chips are used, and list privacy concerns with RFID technology.

RFID (radio frequency identification): protocol that defines how a network used radio signals to communicate with a tag placed in or attached to an object, an animal, or a person.

TCP/IP is a network standard for ______ communications. Describe packet sniffer software.

Transmission Control Protocol/Internet Protocol TCP/IP: network protocol that defines how messages (data) are routed from one end of a network to the other, ensuring the data arrives correctly Packet sniffer software: when a computer sends data over the Internet, data is divided into packets. Packets travel to recipient;s computer via a router.

Differentiate among UWB, IrDA, RFID, and NFC technologies.

UWB (ultra-wideband): network standard that specifies how 2 UWB devices use short-range radio waves to communicate at high speeds with each other IrDA (Infrared Data Association): transmit data wirelessly to each other via infrared (IR) light waves. RFID (Radio frequency identification): wireless use of electromagnetic fields to transfer data; identify and track things NFC (near field communication): enables electronic devices to establish radio connection by bringing devices in close contact

Define: WiMAX. List 2 types of WiMAX specifications.

WiMAX (Worldwide Interoperability for Microwave Access): specifies how wireless devices communicate over the air in a wide area. 2 specifications: fixed wireless and mobile wireless

Identify the role of a dedicated line. List types of digital dedicated lines.

a type of always on physical connection that is established between 2 communications devices -DSL, ISDN lines, etc.

Define: bandwidth

amount of data, instructions, and information that can travel over transmission media

Define: T-carrier

any of several types of long distance digital phone lines that carry multiple signals over a single communications line

Define: cable modem

broadband modem that sends and receives digital data over the CATV network

Define: DSL modem

broadband modem that sends digital data and information from a DSL line

Define: broadband modem. List 2 widely used types of broadband modems.

broadband modem: communications device that sends and receives data and information to and from a digital line -cable modems, DSL modems, and ISDN modems

Explain the advantages of cable Internet services and DSL.

cable: provides high speed Internet connections. Usually enters through a single cord. Easy for home users. DSL (Digital Subscriber Line): transmits on existing standard copper phone wiring. Small businesses or home user.

Define: wireless access point. Explain how to strengthen your wireless signal.

central communications device that allows computers and devices to transfer data wirelessly among themselves or to transfer data wirelessly to a wired network using wireless technologies.

Explain the role of Robert Metcalfe, with regard to Ethernet.

co-invented Ethernet

Name uses of communications software.

communications software: consists of programs and apps that (1) help users establish a connection to another computer, mobile device, or network; (2) manage the transmission of data, instructions, and information; and (3) provide an interface for users to communicate with one another

Explain the role of Cisco, with respect to networks.

company that sells networking equipment

Define: transmission media

consists of materials or substances capable of carrying one or more communications signals

Define: noise

electrical disturbance that can degrade communications

Identify advantages and disadvantages of fiber-optic cables.

fiber optic cable: consists of dozens of hundreds of thin strands of glass or plastic that use light to transmit signals adv: carry more signals that wire cables, faster transmission, less susceptible to noise, better security disadv: costs more, difficult to install

Define: network standard

guidelines that specify the way computers access the medium to which they are connected, the types of medium used, the speeds used on different types of networks, and the types of physical cable and or the wireless technology used.

Define: intranet and extranet

intranet: internal network that uses Internet technologies. -can make company information accessible to everyone extranet:allows customers to access their intranet via an extranet to print air bills, schedule pickups, and track shipped packages. -external sources -communication with vendors, or other companies

A(n) ______ is a collection of computers and devices connected together via communications devices and transmission media.

network

Name and describe 2 types of network architectures.

network architecture: configuration of computers, devices, and media in a network. -client/server -peer-to-peer

Define: Bluetooth

network protocol that defines how 2 Bluetooth devices use short range radio waves to transmit data

A network _______ is the layout of the computers and devices in a communications network.

network topology

Identify the roles of hubs and switches on a network.

provides central point for cables in a network

Identify the role of a router. List types of routers that offer additional functionality.

router: communications device that connects multiple computers or other routs together an transmits data to its correct destination on a network

List the device types you need for successful communications.

sending device: initiates an instruction to transmit data, instructions, or information communication channel: data, instructions, information travel receiving device: accepts transmission of data, instructions, and information

Define: server and client.

server: sometimes called host computer, controls access to the hardware, software and other resources on the network and provide a centralized storage area for programs, data, and information client: other computers and mobile devices on the network that rely on the server for its resources

Describe the function of a network card.

sometimes known as network interface card (NIC) -communications device that enables a computer or device that does not have built it networking capability to access a network

Differentiate among star, bus, and ring networks.

star network: all of the computers and devices (nodes) on the network connect to a central device, thus forming a star bus network: single central cable, to which all computers and other devices connect. A physical cable. ring network: a cable forms a closed loop (ring) with all computers and devices arranged along the ring.

Define: protocol

a standard that outlines characteristics of how two devices communicate on a network

Define: FTTP

Fiber to the Premises -uses fiber optic cable to provide extremely high speed Internet access to a user's physical permanent location

A(n) ______ is a third-party business that provides networking services, such as EDI.

value added network

Differentiate among LANs, WLANs, WANs, MAN, and PANs. Explain issues surrounding the use of BANs.

LAN (local area network): network that connects computers and devices in a limited geographical area such as a home, school, office building, or closely positioned group of buildings. WLAN (wireless LAN): uses no physical wires. WAN (wide area network): network that covers a large geographic area (such as a city, country, or the work) using a variety of wired and wireless transmission media. MAN (metropolitan area network): high speed network that connects local area networks in a metropolitan area, such as a city or town. PAN (personal area network): network that connects computers and devices in an individual's workspace using wired and wireless technology.

Explain whether you can use an IP address to determine a computer of device's location.

You can determine from the first few numbers the general idea, but need more information for more specifics.

Define: dial-up modem

a communications device that converts digital signals to analog signals and analog signals to digital signals so that data can travel along an analog phone line

Define: Ethernet. Explain what happens when 2 devices on an Ethernet attempt to send data at the same time.

a network standard that specifies no central computer or device on the network (nodes) should control when data can be transmitted

Define: latency

the time it takes a signal to travel from one location to another on a network

Describe how a network transmits data using a token. Define: token ring.

token ring: specifies that computers and devices on the network share or pass a special signal, called a token, in a unidirectional manner and in preset order. -device with token can transmit data over network -1 token exists per network

Define: broadband

transmit multiple signals simultaneously

Define: communications device

type of hardware capable of transmitting data, instructions and information