CH. 1-23

A patient who requires cardiac monitoring in the field would require, at a minimum, which level of EMS provider?

Paramedic

automated external defibrillator (AED)

A device that detects treatable life-threatening cardiac arrhythmias (ventricular fibrillation & ventricular tachycardia) & delivers the appropriate electrical shock to the patient.

communicable disease

A disease that can be spread from one person/species to another

Medicolegal

A term relating to medical law/forensic medicine

Decision making capacity

Ability to understand & process information & make a choice regarding appropriate medical care

Competent

Able to make rational decisions about personal well-being

infection

Abnormal invasion of a host/host tissues by organisms w//w/out signs/symptoms of diseass

Emergency medical care

Immediate care/treatment

Emergency patient care occurs in progressive phases. What occurs first?

Incident recognition

Occupational safety & health administration

The federal regulatory compliance agency that develops, publishes, & enforces guidelines concerning reducing hazards in the workplace

Hosts

The organism/the individual that is attacked by the infecting agent

Medical Director

The physician who authorizes/delegates to the EMT the authority to provide medical care in the field.

contamination

The presence of infectious organisms on/in objects

Licensure

The process whereby a competent authority, usually the state, allows people to perform a regulated act.

A disease that can be spread from person-person is known as

a communicable disease.

Americans w/ Disabilities Act

comprehensive legislation that is designed to protect people w/ disabilities against discrimination

All of the following are responsibilities of the EMS medical director, EXCEPT:

evaluating patient insurance information.

You arrive at the scene of an older woman complaining of chest pain. In assessing her, she holds her arm out for you to take her blood pressure. This is an example of

expressed consent

The unauthorized confinement of a person is called

false imprisonment.

A condition characterized by re experiencing an event & overresponding to stimuli that recall the event is called

posttraumatic stress disorder.

Upon arriving at the scene of a domestic dispute, you hear yelling & the sound of breaking glass from inside the residence. You should:

retreat to a safe place until the police arrive.

community paramedicine

A health care model in which experienced paramedics receive advanced training to equip them to provide additional services in the prehospital environment, such as health evaluations, monitoring of chronic illnesses/conditions, & patient advocacy.

infectious disease

A medical condition caused by the growth & spread of small, harmful organisms w/in the body

Emergency Medical Healthcare

A method of delivering healthcare which involves providing health care w/in the community rather than @ physician's office/hospital

Emergency Medical Services

A multidisciplinary system that represents the combined efforts of several professionals & agencies to provide prehospital emergency care to the sick and injured.

Emancipated minors

A person who is under the legal age in a given state but is legally considered an adult

Certification

A process in which a person, an institution,/a program is evaluated and recognized as meeting certain predetermined standards to provide safe and ethical care.

Critical incident stress management

A process that confronts the responses to critical incidents and defuses them, directing the emergency services personnel toward physical & emotional equilibrium.

Continuous Quality Improvement (CQI)

A system of internal & external reviews & audits of all aspects of an EMS system.

Emergency Medical Dispatch

A system that assists dispatchers in selecting appropriate units to respond to a particular call for assistance and in providing callers w/ vital instructions until the arrival of EMS crews.

public safety access point

A call center, staffed by trained personnel who are responsible for managing requests for police, fire, and ambulance services.

Which of the following patients is competent & can legally refuse EMS care

A conscious & alert woman who is in severe pain from a broken leg

posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD)

A delayed stress reaction to a prior incident

National EMS Scope of Practice Model

A document created by the National Highway Traffic Safety Administration (NHTSA) that outlines the skills performed by various EMS providers.

Which of the following is an example of abandonment

An AEMT transfers care of a patient to an EMR.

Paramedic

An individual who has extensive training in advanced life support, including endotracheal intubation, emergency pharmacology, cardiac monitoring, and other advanced assessment and treatment skills.

EMT

An individual who has training in basic life support, including automated external defibrillation, use of a definitive airway adjunct, and assisting patients with certain medications.

AEMT

An individual who has training in specific aspects of advanced life support, such as intravenous therapy, and the administration of certain emergency medications.

Which stage of grieving commonly results in blame

Anger, hostility

Protected health information

Any information about health status, provision of health care,/payment for health care that can be linked to an individual

You are treating a patient w/ an apparent emotional crisis. After the patient refuses treatment, you tell him that you will call the police & have him restrained if he does not give you consent. Your actions in this case are an example of

Assault.

Placards are used on

Buildings.

Human immunodeficiency virus

Damages the cells in the body's immune system so that the body is unable to fight infection/certain cancers

Breach of confidentiality

Disclosure of information w/ out proper authorization

Which of the following situations would MOST likely disqualify a person for EMS certification?

Driving under the influence of alcohol

secondary prevention

Efforts to limit the effects of an injury or illness that you cannot completely prevent.

primary prevention

Efforts to prevent an injury/illness from ever occurring.

Which of the following should be the EMT's highest priority?

Ensuring personal safety

Indirect contact

Exposure or transmission of disease from 1 person to another by contact with a contaminated object.

While caring for a trauma patient, the EMT has blood splashed into her eyes. This is an example of

Exposure.

Direct contact

Exposure/transmission of a communicable disease from 1 person to another by physical contact

Public Health

Focused on examining the health needs of entire populations w/ the goal of preventing health problems.

what is the fuel to make the body run

Food

The MOST effective way of preventing the spread of disease is

Handwashing.

Designated officer

Individual in the department who is charged w/ the responsibility of managing exposures & infection control issues

Hepatitis

Inflammation of the liver that causes fever, loss of appetite, jaundice, fatigue, & altered liver function

HIPPA (Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act)

Legislation that protects a patient's private health information

Which of the following is a professional responsibility of the EMT?

Maintaining a professional demeanor in even the most stressful situations

Pathogen

Microorganism that is capable of causing disease in a susceptible host

Which of the following is NOT a component of continuous quality improvement (CQI)?

Negative feedback given to those who make mistakes while on a call

Failure of the EMT to provide the same care as another EMT w/ the same training is called

Negligence.

An advance directive is

a written document that specifies the care you should provide if the patient is unable to make decisions.

Bloodborne pathogens

Pathogenic microorganisms that are present in human blood & can cause disease in humans

Informed consent

Permission for treatment given by a competent patient after the potential risks, benefits, & alternatives to treatment have been explained

Consent

Permission to render care/treatment

Medical Control

Physician instructions that are given directly by radio/cell phone (online/direct)/ indirectly by protocol/guidelines (off-line/indirect), as authorized by the medical director of the service program.

Centers for disease control & prevention

Primary federal agency that conducts & supports public health activities in the U.S

The EMT has a legal duty to act if he/she is

a volunteer, is on duty, & is dispatched on a call.

Infection control

Procedures to reduce transmission of infection among patients & health care personnel

Cumulative stress reactions

Prolonged/excessive stress

Personal Protective Equipment

Protective equipment that block exposure to a pathogen/a hazardous material

Standard precautions

Protective measures that have traditionally been developed by the CDC for use in dealing w/ objects, blood, body fluids, & other potential risks that could lead to exposure to germs

What is the second stage of response in the stress response known as the general adaptation syndrome

Reaction & resistance

Delayed stress reaction

Reactions to stress that occur after a stressful situation

Acute stress reactions

Reactions to stress that occur during a stressful situation

In loco parentis

Refers to the legal responsibility of a person/organization to take on some of the functions & responsibilities of a parent

Exposure

Situation in which a person has had contact w/ blood, body fluids, tissues,/airborne particles in a manner that may allow disease transmission to occur

Expressed consent

Type of consent in which a patient gives verbal/nonverbal authorization for provision of care/transport

Implied consent

Type of consent in which a patient who is unable to give consent is given treatment under the legal assumption that they would want treatment

Which of the following is an example of care that is provided using standing orders?

The EMT defibrillates a patient in cardiac arrest, begins CPR, & then contacts medical control.

Forcible restraint

The act of physically preventing an individual from initiating any physical action

Immunine

The body's ability to protect itself from acquiring a disease

General adaptation syndrome

The body's response to stress that begins w/ alarm response, followed by a stage of reaction & resistance & then recovery/if the stress is prolonged exhaustion

Foodborne transmission

The contamination of food/water w/ an organism that can cause disease

intravenous (IV) therapy

The delivery of medication directly into a vein.

primary service area (PSA)

The designated area in which the EMS service is responsible for the provision of prehospital emergency care and transportation to the hospital.

Emergency doctrine

The principle of law that permits a health care provider to treat a patient in an emergency situation when the patient is incapable of granting consent because of an altered level of consciousness, disability, the effects of drugs/alcohol/the patient's age

Quality Control

The responsibility of the medical director to ensure that the appropriate medical care standards are met by EMTs on each call.

Patient autonomy

The right of a patient to make informed choices regarding their health care

Airborne transmission

The spread of an infectious organism via droplets/dust

Cover

The tactical use of an impenetrable barrier for protection.

Vector-borne transmission

The use of an animal to spread organism from one person/place to another

Concealment

The use of objects to limit a person's visibility of you.

Transmission

The way an infectious disease is spread

Do not resuscitate order

Written documentation by a physician giving permission to medical personnel not to attempt resuscitation in the event of cardiac arrest

Which of the following statements about records & reports is FALSE

Your patient care report does not become a part of the patient's hospital record because your treatment was provided outside the hospital.

An 8-year-old boy was struck by a car, is unconscious, & is bleeding from the mouth. A police officer tells you that he is unable to contact the child's parents. You should

continue to treat the child & transport as soon as possible.

Quality control in an EMS system is the ultimate responsibility of the:

medical director.

The five most common hazards associated w/ a structural fire include

smoke, oxygen deficiency, high ambient temperatures, toxic gases, & building collapse

Protective measures that prevent health care workers from coming into contact w/ germs are referred to as

standard precautions.