ch 10
11 .Play is important to child development. Children learn about the world through play. Infant and toddler play is usually an interaction among children, the family, and simple toys. The nurse asks the mother of a toddler how long the child plays with one toy or with the family dog. The nurse is collecting this information during an admission interview. What answer by the mother would best be considered a normal finding to the nurse of the attention span of a toddler? A) 5 to 10 minutes B) 10 to 15 minutes C) 15 to 20 minutes D) 20 to 25 minutes
a
13 .Play is important to child development. Children learn about the world through play.The parents of a young girl tell the nurse that the child frequently plays alone with her own toys in the same area as other children, but never interacts with the other children. The parents are worried that something is wrong developmentally with the child. Based on the data collected by the nurse, the nurse best explanation to the parents would be that this is best described as what type of normal play by the child? A) Solitary play B) Parallel play C) Cooperative play D) Interactive play
a
2 .There are characteristics and a normal sequence of human growth and development. A cousin who is a nurse is watching the niece's children while the niece attends calling hours for their uncle. The youngest child continuously smiles, babbles, follows the light in the funeral home, and reacts to the noises in the environment. Based on this information, the nurse knows that this child is most likely approximately what age? A) 6 weeks B) 8 weeks C) 2 to 3 months D) 3 months
a
21 .The nurse is collecting data from a 4-year-old client and mother. What are the normal cognitive and motor development expectations that should be observed by a nurse in a 4- year-old child? A) Children can state their full name and age .B) Children develop the ability to say "no." C) Children engage in parallel play .D) Children can eat and brush without assistance from an adult
a
23 .A nurse is helping a father understand expected behaviors of his 8-year-old son. The nurse is teaching the father that, by this age, the boy is in the concrete operations stage of development. What are the most common characteristics that the nurse can tell the father that are displayed by children at this level according to Piaget's theory of cognitive development? A) They have the ability to understand quantities, such as weight and volume .B) They have the ability to solve complex problems .C) They have the ability to investigate and explore the environment .D) They have the ability to learn by touching
a
25 .The nurse is collecting data from the parents of a 2-year-old child. While attempting to get information from the parents, the child starts to cry, scream, and lash out every time the nurse tries to pick up the child from the mother's arms. Based on this observation, what conclusion would best be considered by the nursing about this 2-year-old child? A) The nurse recognizes that the child is displaying normal toddler development .B) The nurse needs to contact the primary care provider for further psychological assessment of the child and family members .C) The nurse recognizes that the child is being very manipulative and should immediately be taken away from the parents to be further assessed by a nurse practitioner .D) The nurse recognizes that the child is exhibiting development regression
a
3 .There are characteristics and a normal sequence of human growth and development. The nurse sees a 2-month-old child in the pediatrician's office. This is the first child for a new mother. One day after the child was born, the mother asks the nurse to describe what the expectations are for the child during the first 3 months. Based on the mother's question to the nurse, what would be the best explanation by the nurse about the major level of cognitive development for a 2-month-old child? A) Develop preferred sleeping position and cry to signal needs B) Laugh, squeal, look at objects for several seconds and reach for and grasp objects C) Smile, babble, follow lights, and react to sounds D) Develop social smile, respond to pleasurable interactions such as looking at the mother's face
a
9 .A nurse educator is explaining cognitive development in children to a group of nursing students, with the help of Piaget's theory of cognitive development. The nursing instructor asks the group of nursing students to identify the characteristics of cognition at the level of concrete operations. Based on this information, what would be the correct characteristics identified by the nursing students at the concrete operations level of Piaget's theory? 1. Reversibility 2. Seriation 3. Conservation of matter 4. Complex problem solving A) 1, 2, 3 B) 1, 2, 4 C) 1, 3, 4 D) 2, 3, 4
a
1 .There are characteristics and a normal sequence of human growth and development. The nurse sees a 3-month-old child in the pediatrician's office. The mother asks the nurse what the normal level of cognitive development should be for a 3-month-old child. Based on this information, what would the nurse teach the client's mother as being the major level of cognitive development for a 3-month-old child? A) Develops a preferred sleeping position and cry to signal needs B) Laughs, squeals, and looks at objects for several seconds, and reaches for and grasps objects C) Smiles, babbles, follows lights and reacts to sounds D) Develops social smile, responds to pleasurable interactions, such as looking at the mother's face
b
12 .Play is important to child development. Children learn about the world through play. The parents of a preschooler tell the nurse that the child frequently plays with other children side by side with the same type of toys but rarely interacts with the other children's toys. Based on the data collected by the nurse, the nurse would most likely contribute this finding to what type of play by the preschooler? A) Solitary play B) Parallel play C) Cooperative play D) Interactive play
b
14 .The nurse is educating the family regarding normal behavior for their 2-year-old daughter. Why is it important for the nurse to understand normal behavior in a child? A) To promote bonding between the child and family B) To distinguish between normal and abnormal behavior C) To encourage peer cooperation, interaction, and sharing D) To suggest the type of schooling required for the child
b
16 .The nurse is collecting data about a baby in the well-baby clinic. The nurse reads in the electronic medical record that cephalocaudal direction movements are present. What are examples of cephalocaudal direction movements? 1. Lift head before sitting 2. Sit before walking 3. Roll over before grasping objects 4. Make sounds before being able to walk A) 1, 2 B) 1, 4 C) 2, 3 D) 3, 4
b
17 .A client with a 3-year-old son wants to know the impact of her child failing to meet a challenge in the developmental process. Based on the data collected the nurse knows that what would occur if Erikson's theory of psychosocial development is applied? A) Failure to investigate and explore the environment B) Difficulty achieving the next level of development C) Failure to look at things from the child's point of view D) Inability to participate in cooperative and interactive play
b
22 .A mother has just delivered her first baby and asks the nurse about routines at home. Based on this question, what information should the nurse teach the new mother about establishing routines with an infant? A) Routines contribute to a baby's ability to thrive .B) Routines establish trust along with learning to expect .C) Routines promote bonding between mother and infant .D) Routines help the child adjust to toilet training
b
24 .According to Piaget's theory of cognitive development, children from ages 2 to 7 are in the preoperational major level of cognitive development. The nurse is collecting data from parents of a 4-year-old child. Which would be an appropriate example given by the parents to the nurse of children in the preoperational stage? A) Comparing how fast a ball and a block fall from the same height B) Wishing the dog would quit eating their blocks and now feeling responsible because the dog has ran away C) Understanding how differently shaped figures fit together into an idealistic world D) Showing parents that they can ride a bicycle all by themselves
b
7 .A nurse is explaining cognitive development in children to a client, with the help of Piaget's theory of cognitive development. What would be the best explanation by the nurse about the preoperational level of cognitive development? A) Up to age 2, children learn by touching, tasting and feeling. They learn to control body movement .B) Children from ages 2 to 7 years investigate and explore the environment and look at things from their own point of view .C) From ages 7 to 11 years, children internalize actions and can perform them in the mind .D) After age 12 children can think in the abstract including complex problem solving
b
10 .A mother tells the nurse that her child has been able to recognize a quart of milk whether it is in the milk container or poured into a plastic jug as the same amount. Based on this information that the nurse collected about the child's current cognitive development, this skill most likely is an example of what concrete operation characteristic of Piaget's theory of cognitive development? A) Reversibility B) Seriation C) Conservation of matter D) Complex problem solving
c
15 .The nurse is collecting data about a baby in the well-baby clinic. The nurse reads in the electronic medical record that proximodistal direction movements are present. What is the best interaction for this description in the record? A) Lift head before sitting .B) Sit before walking .C) Roll over before grasping objects .D) Make sounds before being able to walk
c
18 .Growth and development, which is considered a single process, continues throughout childhood and into adulthood. Most children are able to perform certain tasks at about the same age, although normal variations exist. A mother asks the nurse what is the first solid food that can be given to the infant. Based on the fact that most children are able to perform certain tasks at about the same age, what would be the best food for the nurse to tell the mother to introduce first to the infant? A) Eggs B) Citrus fruits C) Iron-fortified cereal D) Finely minced meat
c
19 .A nurse is discussing feeding practices with the mother of a 3-month-old infant. The mother describes propping the bottle on a blanket in the crib. Which is the highest priority consequence of this practice that the nurse should monitor when caring for the infant? A) Oral thrush B) Tongue infection C) Erosion of tooth enamel D) Ulcers in mouth
c
20 .A client arrives at a healthcare facility complaining that her daughter frequently sucks her thumb. The client wants to know about the adverse effect of thumb sucking. What would be the best response from the nurse to the client? A) "Thumb sucking in children may cause ulcers in the mouth." B) "Thumb sucking in children may lead to thrush." C) "Thumb sucking in children may cause permanent damage to the child's mouth structure." D) "Thumb sucking in children may lead to speech problems."
c
4 .A 4-year-old child is admitted to the hospital with a diagnosis of leukemia. The mother is very upset and tells the nurse that the child has not wet the bed in 18 months. She asks the nurse why all of a sudden the child is wetting the bed. What is the best explanation for this behavior by the nurse to the mother? A) "Don't worry about it; I will get the nursing assistant to change the bed right now." B) "Sometimes children get a little nervous when they are admitted to the hospital and might have one accident." C) "A child's behavior may go backward to an earlier stage of development during an acute illness." D) "The medications your child is receiving can cause incontinence and once the medication is discontinued it will no longer be an issue."
c
5 .When discussing the growth and development of an infant with a client, the nurse refers to various theories and phases of development. The nurse is reviewing the major points of Erikson's theory with a client. What would be the best explanation of this theory to the client by the nurse? A) Cognitive development is cumulative; that is, what is learned is based on what has been known before .B) A child develops an understanding of object permanence, which is the knowledge that an object seen in a particular spot continues to exist and will return to view when it is uncovered .C) Children will investigate and explore the environment and look at things from their own point of view .D) Each stage of development contains a psychosocial challenge or critical period during which the person must deal with a major life change
d
6 .According to Erikson's theory, at each stage of development, a significant person or group exerts a lasting influence on the ongoing development of the child. The student nurse is preparing a short report for a postclinical conference during the pediatric rotation. The student nurse is doing a case study report on the assigned child and family for which she cared during the clinical experience. The family consists of an infant, school-aged child, teenager, mother, and father. What individuals in this family exert the most lasting influence on the ongoing development of the infant? 1. School-aged child 2. Teenager 3. Mother 4. Father A) 1, 2 B) 2, 3 C) 2, 4 D) 3, 4
d
8 .A nurse is explaining cognitive development in children to a client, with the help of Piaget's theory of cognitive development. What would be the best explanation by the nurse about the formal operations level of cognitive development? A) Up to age 2, children learn by touching, tasting and feeling. They learn to control body movement .B) From ages 2 to 7 years, children investigate and explore the environment and look at things from their own point of view .C) From ages 7 to 11 years, children internalize actions and can perform them in the mind .D) After age 12, children can think in the abstract including complex problem solving
d
