CH 10 Homework

Two hormones referred to as gonadotropins are FSH and LH. ADH and ACTH. ADH and OT. PRL and OT. GH and TSH.

FSH and LH.

The pituitary hormone that promotes testosterone release in males and ovulation in females is TSH. FSH. LH. GH. ACTH.

LH.

When a protein or peptide hormone binds to receptors on the surface of a cell, the hormone is transported to the nucleus, where it alters the activity of the DNA. the hormone receptor complex moves into the cytoplasm. a second messenger appears in the cytoplasm. the cell becomes inactive. the plasma membrane becomes depolarized.

a second messenger appears in the cytoplasm.

The hormone leptin is secreted by (the) adipose tissue. kidneys. pancreas. anterior pituitary. hypothalamus.

adipose tissue

Target cells of hypothalamic releasing and inhibiting hormones are located in the posterior pituitary. anterior pituitary. suprarenal gland. testes. thymus gland.

anterior pituitary.

An important second messenger in hormonal action is calcitriol. glucagon. calcium. insulin. cAMP.

cAMP.

Increased levels of the hormone ________ will lead to decreased levels of calcium ions in the blood. parathyroid hormone calcitonin thymosin aldosterone cortisol

calcitonin

All hormones are proteins. cholesterol based. inorganic compounds. chemical messengers. steroids.

chemical messengers.

Cells of the adrenal cortex produce corticosteroids. ADH. parathyroid hormone. epinephrine. insulin.

corticosteroids.

One hormone that is released from the adrenal medulla is insulin. cortisol. androgen. aldosterone. epinephrine.

epinephrine.

Diabetes insipidus can be caused by decreased numbers of insulin receptors. failure of the kidneys to respond to ADH. increased numbers of ADH receptors. increased levels of ADH. decreased levels of insulin.

failure of the kidneys to respond to ADH.

Which of the following primarily targets the gonads (ovaries and testes)? insulin follicle-stimulating hormone thyroxine prolactin growth hormone

follicle-stimulating hormone

The alpha cells of the pancreas produce parathyroid hormone. ADH. glucagon. insulin. rennin.

glucagon.

Which of the following hormones is/are produced by both the testes and the ovaries? inhibin estrogens androgens progestins testosterone

inhibin

Unlike other hormones, T3 and T4 hormones require ________ for production. iron fluorine phosphorus iodine carbon

iodine

The target organs for the parathyroid hormone and calcitonin are none of these. kidney. bone. kidneys, bone, and digestive system. digestive system.

kidneys, bone, and digestive system

Cyclic AMP often causes activation of kinase enzymes. steroids. myosin kinase. calcium ion channels. phosphodiesterase.

kinase enzymes.

Aldosterone is the principal glucocorticoid. thyroid hormone. pancreatic hormone. androgen. mineralocorticoid.

mineralocorticoid.

During the Alarm Phase of the General Adaptation Syndrome (GAS), there is increased urine production. decreased mental alertness. decreased blood flow to skeletal muscles and skin. decreased respiratory rate. mobilization of glycogen and lipid reserves.

mobilization of glycogen and lipid reserves.

Hormone concentration levels are commonly controlled by (select all that apply) negative feedback. positive feedback. body temperature. changes in the levels of circulating hormones. pH levels.

negative feedback and changes in the levels of circulating hormones.

Regarding pancreatic hormones, both parasympathetic and sympathetic stimulation enhance insulin release. parasympathetic stimulation inhibits insulin release, and sympathetic stimulation enhances it. both parasympathetic and sympathetic stimulation inhibit insulin release. sympathetic stimulation inhibits glucagon release. parasympathetic stimulation enhances insulin release, and sympathetic stimulation inhibits it.

parasympathetic stimulation enhances insulin release, and sympathetic stimulation inhibits it.

The hormone that causes the activation of osteoclasts is oxytocin. thyroid hormone. calcitonin. parathyroid hormone. glucagon.

parathyroid hormone.

Which of the following hormones bind to membrane receptors and activate G-proteins? steroid hormones peptide hormones estrogen cortisol thyroid hormones

peptide hormones

The fact that epinephrine has no apparent effect on energy consumption unless thyroid hormones are present in normal concentrations is an example of a(n) synergistic effect. integrative effect. antagonistic effect. opposing effect. permissive effect.

permissive effect.

Excessive urine production, which is a characteristic symptom of all forms of diabetes, is known as polymyositis. polydipsia. diabetes mellitus. polyphagia. polyuria.

polyuria.

Hypothalamic hormones that stimulate the synthesis and secretion of one or more hormones in the anterior lobe are called regulating hormones. synergistic hormones. stimulating hormones. permissive hormones. releasing hormones.

releasing hormones.

The endocrine system releases neurotransmitters into the bloodstream for distribution throughout the body. produces effects that last for seconds or minutes. is regulated mainly by positive feedback. relies on the release of chemicals that bind to target cells. is not involved in homeostasis.

relies on the release of chemicals that bind to target cells.

Which of the following hormones enter a cell by diffusion? peptide hormones steroid hormones epinephrine and norepinephrine oxytocin amino acid derivatives

steroid hormones

Peripheral structures sensitive to the presence of hormones are called second messengers. exocrine cells. target cells. G-proteins. first messengers.

target cells

Hormones from which of the following glands are responsible for the calorigenic effect? thymus suprarenal gland thyroid gland pituitary gland parathyroid gland

thyroid gland

Which statement regarding growth hormone (GH) is true? GH stimulates the breakdown of stored fats and the release of fatty acids into the blood. GH production is regulated by releasing and inhibiting hormones from the thyroid. Skeletal muscle cells and chondrocytes are extremely insensitive to GH. Liver cells respond to GH by releasing prostaglandins. In epithelial tissues, GH inhibits stem cell division.

GH stimulates the breakdown of stored fats and the release of fatty acids into the blood.

You are a 24-year-old woman who loves to run about 5 miles per day, every day. You are eating regularly and have the stamina to run long distances, but you are very slender. One of the problems that you might likely experience would be vision-related. a heart attack. becoming pregnant. fluctuating blood glucose levels. erratic sodium blood levels.

becoming pregnant

Steroid hormones bind to intracellular receptors. bind to receptors on the surface of the cell. function by activating cAMP. cannot diffuse through the plasma membrane. function by way of a second messenger system.

bind to intracellular receptors.

Peptide hormones are chemically related to cholesterol. lipids. composed of chains of amino acids. released by the reproductive organs. derived from arachidonic acid.

composed of chains of amino acids.

Insulin causes decreased rate of glucose transport into target cells. increased blood glucose levels. conversion of glucose to glycogen in the liver and skeletal muscles. decreased amino acid absorption. increased breakdown of fats to fatty acids in adipose tissue.

conversion of glucose to glycogen in the liver and skeletal muscles.

One adrenal hormone that affects glucose metabolism is epinephrine. cortisol. aldosterone. gonadotropin. thymosin.

cortisol.

Which of the following could cause ineffective synthesis of calcitriol? increased levels of thymosins increased levels of gonadotropins decreased availability of vitamin D3 inability to produce sufficient amounts of erythropoietin increased levels of MSH

decreased availability of vitamin D3

The hormone that dominates during the Alarm Phase of the General Adaptation Syndrome (GAS) is aldosterone. testosterone. thyroid hormone. epinephrine. cortisol.

epinephrine.

The hormone that is released by the kidneys in response to low oxygen levels in kidney tissues is angiotensin. cortisol. erythropoietin. renin. epinephrine.

erythropoietin.

The hormone secreted by the pancreatic alpha cells would result in increased triglyceride synthesis in adipose tissues. increased synthesis and release of glucose by the liver. decreased breakdown of glycogen to glucose in the liver and skeletal muscles. increased rate of ATP generation. increased rate of glucose utilization.

increased synthesis and release of glucose by the liver.

Preparation of the uterus for implantation results from stimulation by testosterone. progesterone. mineralocorticoids. growth hormone. thyroid hormone.

progesterone.

Another name for antidiuretic hormone is thymosin. cortisol. vasopressin. parathyroid hormone. growth hormone.

vasopressin.

Disorders associated with thyroid hormone excess have symptoms related to slow heartbeat. excess pigmentation of the skin. diabetes. weight loss. weight gain.

weight loss.

Steroid hormones are proteins. are the largest class of hormones. are structurally similar to cholesterol. include pancreatic hormones. are secreted by the hypothalamus and pituitary

are structurally similar to cholesterol.

Which hormone's secretion promotes the loss of sodium ions and water by the kidneys and inhibits renin release? atrial natriuretic peptide thymosin glucagon erythropoietin aldosterone

atrial natriuretic peptide