Ch. 10 Nonparametric Techniques

To calculate L for a correlation of two sets of ranked scores, the degrees of freedom (N - 1) are multiplied by

r square

A researcher wishes to know whether there is a significant difference in the number of knee injuries reported among four (4) sports. How many degrees of freedom are there for this chi-square analysis?

(n - 1) = 3

Explain the steps you would perform to use a t test to compare two (2) groups using the Puri-Sun L test statistic

1. r squared = t squared/(t squared +df) 2. L = (N - 1)r squared 3. L is tested as an X squared with dr = pq, where p = the number of groups, and q = the number of dependent variables

To determine whether data are normally distributed, one can test to see whether the curve is shifted to the left or right. This shift is called

Skewness

A main disadvantage of nonparametric techniques is that has frequently been stated (although there is some disagreement with this claim) is that they

Are not as powerful (less likely to detect a false null hypothesis) as a parametric techniques

A statistical technique that tests for significant differences between observed and expected frequencies of occurrence is

Chi-square

A chi-square analysis compares the responses to a question on recreational preferences of males and females at three grade levels,. The resulting two-way classification structure is called a

Contingency Table

Of the following, which is a nonparametric statistical test?

Contingency coefficient

The property of a distribution of scores that relates to how peaked of flat the curve is called

Kurtosis

Data such as sex, city of residence, or political party affiliation are what kind of measure?

Nominal

Describe a research problem that calls for chi-square analysis

Your answer is based on the group they are coming from, but the outcome is not what you expected Ex.: You ask 50 athletes from each of the football, basketball, and baseball teams what their favorite sport is out of these three (3) options. You would expect them to answer the sport they play, so you would have 50 votes for each sport. Instead you have 55 football, 45 basketball, and 50 baseball. So some must have responded with an answer that is different than the sport they play