Ch. 11 & 12

Firearms account for 80% of homicides and approximately what percentage of suicides?

50%

In the context of parenting styles, which of the following statements is true?

Adolescents from authoritative homes show the most competent behavior

Which of the following is a sex hormone?

Androgen

Which of the following is an example of the personal fable?

Darren, a 15-year-old, is a chain smoker and feels invulnerable to the harmful effects of nicotine

Which of the following statements is true of high school dropouts?

Dropouts are more likely to develop delinquency, criminal behavior, and substance abuse

In the context of the development of identity in humans, which of the following is an assumption made by Erik Erikson?

Erik Erikson assumed that relationships were more important to women's development of identity than occupational matters

In what status do individuals make commitments without considering alternatives?

Foreclosure

Identify an example of a status offense

Gina, a primary school student running away from home

Which of the following statements is true of juvenile delinquency?

Girls are more likely than boys to commit offenses such as truancy

In the context of adolescent egocentrism, which of the following is true of the concept of the imaginary audience?

It involves the assumption that other people are concerned with one's appearance more so than they really are

Which of the following statements is true of masterbation?

It is a sexual outlet that does not require a partner

In the context of Kohlberg's postconventional level of moral development, which of the following statements is true of Stage 5?

It is recognized that many rights have great value and should not be violated

Which of the following statements is true of estrogen?

It promotes the growth of the fatty and supporting tissue in the hips and buttocks

Which of the following best describes the term juvenile delinquency?

It refers to children or adolescents engaging in illegal behavior or activities

Which of the following statements is true of menarche among adolescent girls?

Menarche comes later to girls who have a lower percentage of body fat

Which of the following statements is true of adolescents?

Most adolescents feel that they are close to and get along with their parents

Which of the following statements is true of intervention efforts to prevent school droupouts?

Most intervention efforts are usually not introduced until students are on the verge of dropping out

In the context of gender differences in cognitive ability, which of the following improves visual-spatial performance?

Playing with toys such as blocks, Legos, and Erector sets

Which of the following statements is true of adolescent girls?

They are more likely than boys to have a smaller, exclusive network of friends

Which of the following is characteristic of adolescents in the stage of identity diffusion?

They tend to be alienated and rebellious

A persistent pattern of drug use characterized by frequent intoxication; impairment of physical, social, or emotional well-being; and possible physical addiction is called

a substance use disorder

In what context of the identity statuses theorized by James Marcia, the moratorium status is associated with

active exploration of alternatives

Conflicts between adolescents and parents typically center on issues such as

curfews

In Erik Erikson's fifth stage of psychosocial development, the primary task for adolescents is to develop

ego identity

In adolescent girls, the vaginal lining varies in thickness according to the amount of

estrogen

Jonah is a 15-year-old boy. His parents believe that Jonah has all the qualities required to become a scientist and encourage him to plan his future accordingly. Influenced by his parents' encouragement, Jonah decides to take up research in the field of science. He selects his career solely on the basis of his parents' views. In the context of James Marcia's identity statuses, Jonah's decision illustrates _____.

foreclosure

Leo is a 14-year-old boy whose father is an ardent sports fan and wants Leo to become a sportsman. Leo is influenced by his father's opinion and decides to train and become a professional basketball player without considering other career options. In the context of James Marcia's identity statuses, Leo's decision illustrates the _____.

foreclosure

The process known as epiphyseal closure is most directly responsible for

growth cessation

The growth of which of the following structures is responsible for the deepening of the voice among adolescent boys

larynx

Unlike childhood peer groups, adolescent peer groups

may include more members of the opposite gender

Victor, a boy in high school, has matured earlier than his other male friends. He plays on many of the sports teams with his seniors. In this scenario, Victor is:

more likely to be poised, relaxed, and good-natured

In middle childhood, conventional thoughts tend to emerge, and children usually begin to judge right and wrong in terms of

rules and laws

Ego identity is best described as a(n)

sense of what one stands for

Peers exhibit higher influence on adolescents than parents in matters pertaining to _____.

speech patterns

Nicotine, cocaine, and amphetamines are the most common

stimulants