CH 11

B

An important feature of atoms is that they __________. A. are actually tiny solar systems B. have wave properties C. can barely be seen with the naked eye D. make up electric beams

B

Are most of the atoms around us younger or older than the Sun? A. Most are the same age as the Sun B. Most are older than the Sun C. Most are younger than the Sun D. Most are much younger than the Sun

C

As the text cites, atoms are incredibly tiny, numerous, perpetually moving, and what else? A. Migratory B. New in science C. Ageless D. Mainly in the air

D

Compare the age of the atoms in your body with the age of the atoms that were part of the dinosaurs. A. Dinosaurs atoms are older. B. They are the same atoms C. Humans atoms are older. D. Both are ageless.

C

Compared to hydrogen (atomic number 1), the helium atom (atomic number 2) has double the positive charge in the nucleus. How do you compare their relative sizes? A. They have the same size. B. We don't know anything about their sizes. C. The helium atom is smaller than the hydrogen atom. D. The hydrogen atom is smaller than the helium atom.

A

How does the approximate number of atoms in the air in your lungs compare with the number of breaths of air in Earth's atmosphere? A. The numbers are the about the same, 10^23. B. There are far more breaths of air in the atmosphere than there are atoms in my lungs. C. The numbers are about the same, 10^100. D. There are far more atoms in my lungs than there are breaths of air in the atmosphere.

A

If you place a Styrofoam cup on the table and a bunch of BBs move around it randomly, what will happen to the cup, and why? A. The cup will move randomly in different directions because the BBs will exert unequal forces on the cup in different directions. B. The cup will move steadily in one direction because of the uniform force exerted by the BBs pushing it in that C. The cup will not move, because it is much larger than the BBs.

D

The mass of an atom is __________. A. very, very small B. mostly electrons C. impossible to calculate D. concentrated in the atomic nucleus

C

The periodic table of the elements is a list of __________. A. Ions B. Molecules C. Atoms D. Isotopes

B

What are the five most common elements in humans? A. C, H, O, N, and Fe B. C, H, O, N, and Ca C. H, He, C, O, and N D. H2O, O2, Ca, N2, and C

C

What causes dust particles and tiny grains of soot to move with Brownian motion? A. The element fire B. Flowing currents C. Collisions with invisible molecules D. Collisions with transparent microorganisms

A

What did Robert Brown see under the microscope? A. specks of dust moving around B. atoms mixed with specks of dust moving around C. atoms moving around

B

What is the most abundant element in the known universe? A. Iron B. Hydrogen C. Carbon D. Helium

A

What is the purpose of a model in science? A. A model is an abstraction that helps us visualize and predict. B. A model is a representation of an object as perfect as the original but on a different scale. C. A model represents the world with equations. D. A model is a scaled-up or scaled-down copy of an object.

C

What kind of attraction pulls electrons close to the atomic nucleus? A. Nuclear B. Magnetic C. Electric D. Gravitational

A

Where did the heaviest elements originate? A. Nuclear fusion in supernovae B. Nuclear fusion in stars

C

Which investigator is credited for discovering Brownian motion? A. John Dalton B. Robert Motion C. Robert Brown D. Albert Einstein

B

Which of the following are negatively charged? A. Atomic nuclei B. Electrons C. Neutrons D. Protons

B

Which of the following is an element? A. H2O B. Hydrogen C. Carbon dioxide D. A supernova

B

Which of these atoms has the largest number of neutrons in the nucleus? A. Hydrogen B. Gold C. Helium D. Carbon

C

Who advanced the idea of atoms in the early 1800s? A. Richard Feynman B. Robert Brown C. John Dalton D. Albert Einstein

D

Who first explained Brownian motion and made a convincing case for the existence of atoms? A. Robert Brown B. John Dalton C. Richard Feynman D. Albert Einstein

D

Why can atoms be seen with an electron beam? A. The electrons in the beam are removed by interacting with antimatter in the atom. B. The electrons in the beam are absorbed by the nucleus of the atom. C. The electrons in the beam bounce elastically off the electrons in an atom. D. The wavelength of the electrons is smaller than an atom.

C

Why did the particles jiggle around? A. The particles were struck equally on all sides by atoms that were moving around. B. There was a constant external force that propelled the particles. C. The particles were struck by atoms, but unequally on different sides.