CH. 11 GML

Approximately how many enslaved individuals ran away to the North each year?

1,000

In the Old South, the percentage of white families that owned slaves was approximately

25%

WOTF does not apply to comparative experience of slaves and free blacks in the Old South

Between 1800 and 1860 the material conditions of free blacks steadily improved, while those of slaves steadily deteriorated

The southern state with teh largest free black population in relation to its totoal African American population was

Delaware

Seperated by large gaps in wealth and breeding, planters and poorer whites of the Old South seldom found anything in common

False

The most influential African-American of the 19th century and the nation's leading advocate of racial equality was

Frederick Doughlass

Whose name is most often associated with the Underground Railroad?

Harriet Tubman

WOTF was not true of the plain white folk of the Old South?

Like slaves, they had few civil or political rights

Which was not the case for free blacks?

Most free blacks rose to the status of skilled, middle-class workers

WOTF was not part of slavery's impact on the northern economy?

Slave labor in the southern cotton belt undermined cotton production in the North

Which was not a condition of slavery?

Slaves were not allowed to carry shotguns in South Carolina

Define "planter" as used in this and other chapters of this book in such phrases as "southern planters were successful."

The owner or manager of a plantation who himself rarely if ever did the actual physical labor associated with plowing or harvesting crops.

WOTF was not a central theme of planter ideology?

There is no place for fixed social hierarchies in a democratic republic

which was not a restriction on free blacks in the Old South?

They could own dogs and firearms

What happened to the 135 enslaved persons who in 1841 seized the ship, the Creole, and sailed to Nassau in search of freedom?

They were given refuge in the British Caribbean

Which is not part of the generally accepted account of the 1822 conspiracy led by Denmark Vesey?

Vesey and his followers killed or maimed 37 whites

WOTF was not a feature of slave culture?

a notable indifference to gender roles

John C. Calhoun of South Carolina considered "the most flase and dangerous of all political errors," the view that

all men are created equal and entitled to liberty

Slaves made up a significant portion of the Old South's

all of the above

As acts of self-empowerment, enslaved individuals often

brook tools

Which was not a job slaves occupied

businessman

The newly created Republican Party of the 1850s was dedicated to

confining slavery to the states in which it already existed

By 1860, more than half of the US exports were in

cotton

WOTF was not a frequent mode of slave resistance?

deadly assaults on slaveholders

Abraham Lincolns Emancipation Proclamation freed the slaves, North and South, henceforth and forever more

false

Dueling was legal in mid-nineteenth-century America

false

During the early to mid-1800s, sugar produced inteh slave South was America's leading export

false

In the fifty years following the end of the international slave trade in 1808 the number of slaves in the US fell by 50%

false

Slaves knew little of Christianity or the Bible, and slave masters usually withheld access to religion from thir enslaved labor

false

Slaves on cotton plantations found harsher work conditions but greater autonomy than did those on rice plantations

false

The underground railroad ran on steel tracks (after its iron ones were replaced) that were generally hidden in forest growth

false

the laws of almost all southern states recognized the legality of slave marriages

false

"Slave patrols" were

farmers who kept a lookout for runaway slaves

Nat Turner

led an 1831 slave suprising in Virginia, killing about sixty whites

In America slave culture, jumping over a broomstick was associated with which of the following acts?

marriage

In the quotation "Exalting the superiority of northern society based on free labor," define "free labor"

non-slave labor that is paid

In the years before the Civil War, the wealthiest Americans were

planters in South Carolina and Mississippi

"In southern cities, thousands of slaves were employed as skilled artisans." Define "artisan"

skilled craftsman

In 1860, the largest conomic investment in the US was in

slaves

Labor on rice plantations in South Carolina and Georgia was generally done by

task labor

A small number of African Americans owned slaves in the Old South

true

According to abolitionist and former slave, Federick Douglass. "not to give a slave enough to eat, is regarded as the most aggravated development of meanness, even amoung slaveholders

true

After a brief period of apprenticeship, the end of slavery in Britain came on August 1, 1838

true

By 1860, economic investment in the US in slaves exceeded the total economic investment in the nations factories, railroads, and banks combined

true

By the mid-19th-century all states had made it illegal to kill a slave except in self-defense

true

Cotton was the major agricultural crop of the South and, indeed, the nation, but slaves also grew rice, sugarcane, tobacco, and hemp

true

During the 1830s,40s,50s elaborate defenses of slavery grew more and more common in southern public life

true

During the 1830s,40s,50s southern whites increasingly viewed the regions free black population as a threat tothe system of slavery

true

Following the Nat Turner rebellion, the Virginia legislature discussed teh possibility of abolishing slavery within the state

true

For slaves, slavery meant constant fear that their families might be destroyed by sale, incessant toil, and brutal punishment

true

Historians consider Nat Turners rebellion to be the only large-scale slave rebellion in the South

true

Improvements in teh slaves living conditions were meant to strengthen slavery, bot undermine it

true

In 1850, most slave-owning families owned five or fewer slaves

true

In 1860, the South as a whole produced less than 10% of the nations manufactured goods

true

In 1860, three of four white families owned no slaves

true

In the midst of the American Antebellum Era, the Bristish Parliament launched a program for abolishing slavery throughout the Bristish Empire in 1831

true

Often, many slaves supplement the food provided by their owners with other food items including chickens and vegetables they raised themselves

true

Slave owners had many ways to enforce discipline among their slaves- from physical punishment, to material incentives, to the threat of sale.

true

Slaves had many wasys to "guietly" resist the power of the slave owners-from feigning illness, to wrecking tools, to performing inadequate labor

true

Some free blacks in teh South owned slaves

true

The prevalence of plantation slavery kept the South from matching northern rates of immigration, industrial development, and urban growth

true

Cotton was "King" during the first half of the 19th century. 3/4 of the worlds supply came from the US, and textile manufacturers in New England, Great Britain, France, and Russia depended on the American cotton supply. Define "textile"

woven cloth