Ch. 11 study questions

10) The action of the rhomboid major muscle is to ________. A) abduct the scapula B) adduct and rotate the scapula downward C) depress and protract the shoulder D) elevate the scapula E) elevate and rotate the scapula upward

B) adduct and rotate the scapula downward

17) Which blood vessel is found in the anterior compartment of the upper limb? A) ulnar artery B) brachial artery C) anterior interosseous artery D) posterior ulnar recurrent artery E) radial artery

B) brachial artery

8) Lateral compartment muscles of the upper limb include the ________ muscle. A) coracobrachialis B) brachioradialis C) triceps brachii D) supinator E) anconeus

B) brachioradialis

20) Which powerful hip flexors originate alongside the inferior thoracic and lumbar vertebrae? A) medial rotators of the thigh B) iliopsoas group of the thigh C) adductors of the thigh D) abductors of the thigh E) flexors of the thigh

B) iliopsoas group of the thigh

11) The psoas major muscle inserts at the ________. A) iliac fossa B) lesser trochanter C) ischial spine D) linea aspera E) greater trochanter

B) lesser trochanter

5) Inflammation of the extensor and flexor retinacula of the wrist can restrict movement and irritate the ________, resulting in carpal tunnel syndrome. A) musculocutaneous nerve B) median nerve C) ulnar nerve D) radial nerve E) axillary nerve

B) median nerve

6) Which muscle flexes the wrist? A) supinator B) palmaris longus C) pronator teres D) brachialis E) anconeus

B) palmaris longus

14) The femoral nerve innervates the ________ muscle(s). A) gracilis B) pectineus C) adductor magnus D) gluteus maximus E) obturator

B) pectineus

19) Which muscle originates at the anterior superior iliac spine and inserts near the tibial tuberosity? A) tensor fasciae latae B) sartorius C) adductor magnus D) adductor longus E) rectus femoris

B) sartorius

2) The lesser tubercle of the humerus is the insertion point for the ________ muscle. A) infraspinatus B) subscapularis C) teres major D) deltoid E) supraspinatus

B) subscapularis

13) The ________ muscles of the thigh insert on the linea aspera. A) lateral rotation B) iliopsoas C) adductor D) gluteal E) abductor

C) adductor

3) A tendon of the ________ muscle inserts on the radial tuberosity. A) brachialis B) supinator C) biceps brachii D) pronator teres E) triceps brachii

C) biceps brachii

4) The ________ muscle attaches to the radial tuberosity. A) supinator B) anconeus C) biceps brachii D) brachioradialis E) None of the answers are correct.

C) biceps brachii

6) The muscle that assists the pectoralis major in adducting and medially rotating the shoulder, but extends rather than flexes the joint, is the ________. A) trapezius B) supraspinatus C) latissimus dorsi D) rhomboid major E) serratus anterior

C) latissimus dorsi

12) The supraspinatus and infraspinatus muscles are both innervated by (the) ________. A) long thoracic nerve B) axillary nerve C) suprascapular nerve D) thoracodorsal nerve E) musculocutaneous nerve

C) suprascapular nerve

2) The muscles that form the rotator cuff include the ________. A) supraspinatus, infraspinatus, deltoid, and teres major B) biceps brachii and deltoid C) teres minor, infraspinatus, supraspinatus, and subscapularis D) pectoralis major, pectoralis minor, and subscapularis E) subclavius, deltoid, and pectoralis minor

C) teres minor, infraspinatus, supraspinatus, and subscapularis

15) Extensors of the elbow include (the) ________. A) brachioradialis and brachialis muscles B) coracobrachialis and brachioradialis muscles C) triceps brachii and anconeus muscles D) deltoid and supinator muscles E) palmaris longus and brachioradialis muscles

C) triceps brachii and anconeus muscles

8) The knee extensors are innervated by the obturator nerve.

false - femoral nerve

5) The brachialis muscle is innervated by the median nerve.

false - musculocutaenous and radial nerve

6) The supinator muscle is found in the lateral compartment of the forearm.

false - posterior compartment

2) The subscapularis muscle inserts on the greater tubercle and laterally rotates the humerus.

false - the infraspinatus and trees minor

1) Intrinsic muscles of the foot originate primarily on the tarsal and metatarsal bones.

true

10) The tibial nerve innervates the muscles of the deep posterior compartment of the leg.

true

3) The teres minor muscle is innervated by the axillary nerve.

true

4) The flexor digitorum superficialis muscle innervated by the median nerve.

true

7) The gracilis muscle is part of the adductor group of muscles that move the thigh.

true

9) The gastrocnemius muscle originates from the femoral condyles.

true

7) The triceps brachii muscle is opposed in extension of the elbow by the antagonistic muscle, ________. A) brachialis B) brachioradialis C) anconeus D) pronator teres E) extensor digitorum

A) brachialis

12) The adductor brevis muscle originates at the ________. A) inferior ramus of the pubis B) ischial tuberosity C) linea aspera D) adductor tubercle of the femur E) superior ramus of the pubis

A) inferior ramus of the pubis

13) The muscle that can extend, adduct, and medially rotate the shoulder is (the) ________. A) latissimus dorsi B) pectoralis major C) teres major D) subscapularis E) teres minor

A) latissimus dorsi

4) The fan-shaped ________ muscle, which originates along the ventral and superior margins of several ribs, rotates the scapula so that the glenoid cavity moves superiorly. A) serratus anterior B) pectoralis major C) deltoid D) subscapularis E) supraspinatus

A) serratus anterior

22) Knee extensors, known as the quadriceps femoris, include the ________. A) three vastus muscles and the rectus femoris muscle B) biceps femoris, gracilis, and sartorius muscles C) popliteus, iliopsoas, and gracilis muscles D) hamstrings and adductors E) gastrocnemius, tibialis, and fibularis muscles

A) three vastus muscles and the rectus femoris muscle

1) Which muscles are responsible for finger abduction?

Answer: Abduction of the fingers is accomplished by the four dorsal interossei muscles. The abductor digiti minimi muscle abducts the little finger, and the abductor pollicis brevis muscle abducts the thumb. Conversely, the adductor pollicis muscle adducts the thumb, and the four palmar interossei muscles adduct the fingers at the metacarpophalangeal joints. D-AB P-AD

2) Describe the Grade I, II, and III classifications of hamstring injuries.

Answer: Hamstring injuries are classified as follows: Grade I injury is a minor strain; Grade II injury is a partial rupture of the muscle; and Grade III injury is a complete tear or rupture of the muscle. Symptoms of a hamstring injury include spasms, tightness, and tenderness of the injured muscle(s). With more severe injuries, swelling and a black and blue or bruised appearance will follow. Tears and strains most often occur where the muscle joins its tendon of insertion or at the origin of the hamstring at the base of the ischial tuberosity.

3) What emerging measures are done to relieve compartment syndrome, and what can occur if these measures are not done?

Answer: Slicing into the affected muscular compartment along its longitudinal axis or implanting a drain are emergency measures used to relieve the high pressures that occur in the ischemic condition known as compartment syndrome. If such steps are not taken, the contents of the compartment will suffer severe damage. Nerves in the affected compartment will be destroyed after 2-4 hours of ischemia; although they can regenerate to some degree if the circulation is restored. After 6 hours or longer, the muscle tissue will also be destroyed, and no regeneration will occur. Scar tissue will replace the damaged muscles, and shortening of the connective tissue fibers may result in contracture, a permanent reduction in muscle length.

1) Which of the following is a factor affecting appendicular muscle function? A) Muscles whose action lines cross the posterior aspect of the shoulder joint are extensors. B) Muscles whose action lines cross the anterior aspect of the shoulder joint may produce lateral flexion. C) Muscles whose action liens cross the inferior aspect of the shoulder joint may produce extension. D) Muscles whose action lines cross the posterior aspect of the shoulder joint may produce extension. E) Muscles whose action lines across the superior aspect of the shoulder joint are abductors.

D) Muscles whose action lines cross the posterior aspect of the shoulder joint may produce extension.

15) The ________ muscle is found in the lateral compartment of the leg. A) gastrocnemius B) tibialis anterior C) popliteus D) fibularis longus E) tibialis posterior

D) fibularis longus

21) The adductor magnus, longus, and brevis muscles of the thigh all insert on the ________. A) pectineal line B) greater trochanter C) lesser trochanter D) linea aspera E) iliotibial band

D) linea aspera

11) The serratus anterior muscle is innervated by (the) ________. A) cervical nerves B) accessory nerve C) dorsal scapular nerve D) long thoracic nerve E) None of the answers are correct.

D) long thoracic nerve

8) The forearm muscles that provide strength and gross control of the hand and fingers are innervated by the ________. A) radial, median, and musculocutaneous nerves B) median, musculocutaneous, and ulnar nerves C) ulnar, axillary, and median nerves D) median, radial, and ulnar nerves E) radial, axillary, and musculocutaneous nerves

D) median, radial, and ulnar nerves

7) The ________ muscle originates at the medial epicondyle of the humerus and the coracoid process of the ulna. A) flexor carpi radialis B) extensor carpi ulnaris C) supinator D) palmaris longus E) pronator teres

D) palmaris longus these are two origin points, not origin and insertion!

18) Which of the following muscles belongs to the group known as "hamstrings"? A) semitendinosus and rectus femoris B) semimembranosus, biceps femoris, and gracilis C) biceps femoris, gracilis, and sartorius D) semitendinosus, semimembranosus, and biceps femoris E) adductor magnus, semimembranosus, and rectus femoris

D) semitendinosus, semimembranosus, and biceps femoris

1) The diamond-shaped ________ muscle originates on the middle of the neck and back, and inserts on the clavicles and scapular spines, covering the upper back and extending to the base of the skull. A) latissimus dorsi B) rhomboid major C) levator scapulae D) trapezius E) serratus posterior

D) trapezius

14) The ________ muscle is the most active muscle of the pectoral girdle because it can move the scapula in nearly any direction, depending on the active region and the state of other muscles. A) deltoid B) levator scapulae C) rhomboid major D) trapezius E) latissimus dorsi

D) trapezius

10) Muscles originating on the surface of the pelvis and inserting on the femur will produce characteristic movements determined by their position relative to the ________. A) obturator foramen B) linea aspera C) greater trochanter D) intertrochanteric line E) acetabulum

E) acetabulum

5) The deltoid muscle is innervated by the ________ nerve. A) radial B) median C) ulnar D) musculocutaneous E) axillary

E) axillary

3) The origin of the deltoid muscle is (the) ________. A) clavicle B) scapula C) humerus D) vertebral column E) both the scapula and the clavicle.

E) both the scapula and the clavicle.

16) Which intrinsic muscle(s) of the hand flexes the metacarpophalangeal joints, and also produces extension at the proximal and distal interphalangeal joints? A) palmaris brevis B) flexor pollicis brevis C) abductor pollicis brevis D) opponens digiti minimi E) lumbricals

E) lumbricals

9) The posterior interosseous nerve innervates muscles found in the ________. A) posterior compartment of the arm B) superficial anterior compartment of the forearm C) anterior compartment of the arm D) deep anterior compartment of the forearm E) posterior compartment of the forearm

E) posterior compartment of the forearm interosseous - must go between the radius and ulna

9) All extensor muscles of the upper limb are innervated by the ________ nerve or a branch of that nerve. A) median B) ulnar C) musculocutaneous D) axillary E) radial

E) radial