ch 12 history

4 Why did the Mormons leave New York?

After Joseph Smith's death, he took over as head of the Mormons. He decided that the Mormons should move again to escape persecution and find religious freedom. He thought they should move to the Great Salt Lake in present-day Utah. It was there that Young declared that the mormons would build a new settlement. The Mormon Trail that they used to go out to the west was used as an alternative trail to the Oregon Trail. In 1850 Congress established the Utah Territory. President Millard Fillmore made Brigham Young the governor of the Utah Territory.

3 What role did empresarios play in colonization?

Because the spanish wanted to promote the growth of Texas, they offered vast tracts of land to people who agreed to bring families to settle there. The people who obtained these grants and recruited the settlers were called Empresarios.

3 ID Brigham Young.

Brigham Young took over as leader after Joseph Smith passed away. He helped the Mormons move West to escape religious persecution and find religious freedom. Young lived in Nauvoo. He took over in 1844. The trail to move was called the mormon trail. (his historical significance)

2 What economic and political progress did California have after the gold rush?

California had economic and political progress after the gold rush. The discovery of gold led to rapid growth and eventual statehood for California. As their government prospered they applied for statehood and wrote a constitution, plan of government, which banned slavery. Also, their community grew since many people settled into their area in order to gain riches, and agriculture, shipping and trade grew to meet the demand for food and other goods.

2. What was the purpose of the California missions?

California missions had a huge purpose. Spanish explorers and missionaries from Mexico settled California in the 1700's. These missions were used to convert Native Americans to Christianity. They also used these missions as a source of protection for their land.

5 What did goods cost in San Francisco in 1849?

Flour- $18 per pound Coffee- $16 per pound Butter- $1 per pound Rice- $10 per pound Wood- $20 per cord Sleeping Room- $12 per week Labor(earned money)- $6-10 per day

5 What was the role of Sam Houston in Texas history?

Houston was the president who sent a delegation to Washington D.C. asking for the United States to take control of Texas. He also secured the independence of Texas from Mexico during the Battle of San Jacinto.

1. How did Mexican lands in the west become part of the United States?

It started with William Becknell, the first American trader to reach Santa Fe. He started the Santa Fe trail. Many Americans saw the New Mexico territory as part of Manifest Destiny. When John C. Fremont wrote of California's mild climate and vast natural resources, Americans began to talk about adding California to the Union. Polk set John Slidell to Mexico to propose a deal but when the Mexicans refused to discuss the offer, Polk sent Zachary Taylor, an ordered General, to march his soldiers across the undisclosed border line. When the Mexicans attacked, Polk told congress and they passed a declaration of war against Mexico.

4 What was James K. Polk's campaign slogan, and what did it mean?

James K. Polk's campaign slogan was "Fifty-four Forty or Fight" and it referred to the line of latitude they believed should be the nation's northern border in Oregon. Ended up being 49 degrees North.

5 How did Manifest Destiny affect the 1844 presidential election?

Manifest Destiny affected the 1844 presidential election. Polk was a firm believer of Manifest Destiny and he was focusing on making Oregon part of the united states. This was one of the americans demands. However, Henry Clay, Polk's opponent did not support the demand the americans wanted. Eventually Polk won the election and Britan decided to make a compromise by setting the border between american and British parts of Oregon

1. How did the belief in Manifest Destiny influence western settlement?

Manifest Destiny, the belief that the United States should stretch all the way to the Pacific Ocean, influenced western settlement. With United States wanting to expand all the way to the Pacific, they were buying up may territories and chunks of land in the West.

2 Why did Texans fight for their independence from Mexico?

Many Tejanos, or Mexicans who lived in Texas, wanted to separate completely from Mexico. They did not like the laws enforced by president Antonio Lopez de Santa Anna Mexico. Americans and Tejanos came to a conclusion that they should fight for their independence. Santa Anna and his troops went to San Antonio and took over a fort called the Alamo.

3 Which nations claimed the Oregon Territory? U Slurp Green Rice Soup

Many nations claimed the Orgeon Territory. The nations included, United States, Great Britan, Spain, and Russia . (had no nations/wasn't claimed.

2 Describe a mountain man

People who spent most of their time in the Rocky Mountains were considered mountain men. They were tough, independent and made a living by trapping beaver. They gathered for an annual rendezvous (meeting) to meet with the trading companies to exchange beaver skins for traps, guns, coffee, and other valuable goods.

4. ID the Santa Fe Trail.

When Mexico won its independence in 1821, it inherited New Mexico from Spain. The Spanish I tried to keep Americans away from Santa Fe, but the Mexican government welcomed American traders. It hoped that the trade would boost their economy of the province. William Becknell, the first American traitor to reach Santa Fe, arrived in 1821 with the supply of goods. Becknell's route came to be known as the Santa Fe Trail. The trail started near Independence, Missouri, and crossed the prairies to the Arkansas River. It followed the river west toward the Rocky Mountains before turning south into New Mexico. The trail was mostly flat, and Becknell used wagons to transport his goods. As other traders followed Becknell, the Santa Fe Trail became busy trade route. Many saw New Mexico as part of the manifest destiny of the United States.

1 What factors affected the settlement of California and Utah in the west?

The factors that affected California settlement were: a.. Rapid growth in population, so the economic activity to serve the growing population decreased. b.. The growth also led to a need of a more effective government which resulted in the writing of a state constitution and then statehood in 1850

5. List the terms of the Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo.

The Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo was signed in Februrary 1848. Mexico gave up Texas and agreed to the Rio Grande as the border between Texas and Mexico. Mexico gave California and New Mexico to the United States for $15 million dollars.

4 Why was the battle of San Jancito important?

The battle of San Jancito was important. This is because the Texans launched a surprise attack next to where Santa Anna and 1,300 other soldiers were stayong. They captured and killed many people including Santa Anna. Santa Anna later on signed a treaty that recognized the independence of Texas.

3. Was President Polk's campaign successful? Explain.

Yes, President Polk saw New Mexico and California as belonging to the United States. After Mexico refused to sell the lands, Polk plotted to gain them through war. Polk, however, wanted to provoke Mexico to strike first so that he could justify a war. Zackary Taylor, an american general was on the border and then Mexico attacked his troops, this meant that Mexico commenced a war on american war, Polk then plotted a plan for the war; first, American troops would drive Mexican forces out of the disputed border region in Texas and secure the border. Zachary Taylor accomplished the first goal. While Taylor made progress in northern Mexico, American forces also advanced farther west. Mexican governor fled, allowing the Americans to capture New Mexico's capital. A small group of Americans seized the town of Sonoma north of San Francisco and proclaimed the independent Republic of California.