Ch 12 HW - Mastering A&P
What is the function of white matter?
White matter is predominately myelinated axons, which transmit information (action potentials).
Which region contains the corpora quadrigemina?
Midbrain
Which of the following is the closest layer of the meninges to the brain?
pia matter
Which region acts as a relay center for sensory messages ascending to the cerebrum?
Thalamus
White matter has a fatty consistency.
True
Which part of the diencephalon is connected to the pituitary gland?
Hypothalamus
Which of the following areas form the central core of the brain?
Hypothalamus The thalamus is the central region of the diencephalon and forms the central core of the brain. The thalamus is enclosed by the cerebrum.
Drag the appropriate labels to their respective targets.
Starting at noon and working clockwise Thalamus Pineal gland Midbrain Cerebellum Medula oblongata Spinal cord Pons Hypothalamus
Drag the appropriate labels to their respective targets. Anterior View
Starting at noon and working clockwise: Lateral ventricle Interventricular foramen Third ventricle Cerebral aqueduct Fourth ventricle Central canal Lateral aperture Septum pellucidum
Drag the appropriate labels to their respective targets. Lateral View
Starting at noon and working clockwise: Lateral ventricle Third ventricle Fourth ventricle Median aperture Lateral aperture Cerebral aqueduct Interventricular foramen
Drag the appropriate labels to their respective targets. Midsaggital view
Starting at top left and working clockwise: Cerebral hemisphere Corpus callosum Fornix Fourth Ventricle Mammillary body Pituitary gland Optic chiasma Intermediate mass of thalamus Septum pellucidum
What part of the corpora quadrigemina is clearly observed in a midsagittal section?
Superior colliculus The superior colliculus is clearly observed in the transverse fissure on the back of the midbrain. It is involved with directing eye movement.
Identify the passageway found in the spinal cord that is continuous with the ventricles.
The central canal is the canal found in the spinal cord that originates off of the fourth ventricle.
The cerebellum is present on the ventral surface of the sheep brain.
The cerebellum is not a ventral structure. It is located on the dorsal surface of the brain.
Which passageway connects the third and fourth ventricles?
The cerebral aqueduct is the narrow passageway that connects the third and fourth ventricles. It can sometimes be observed on a midsagittal section.
What type of tissue makes up the cerebral cortex?
The cerebral cortex is composed of gray matter. Gray matter is primarily neuron cell bodies.
Cerebrospinal fluid is produced within the ventricles.
True The choroid plexus produces cerebrospinal fluid. It is found in each of the ventricles.
Part complete The ventricles are all interconnected.
True. Narrow passageways connect the ventricles together, so that cerebrospinal fluid flows freely inside the ventricular system.
What CNS-associated structure is illustrated in this figure?
choroid plexus
Which type of glial cells are shown in this figure?
ependymal cells
What characteristic does a spinocerebellar tract neuron share with a sensory neuron originating in the quadriceps femoris?
Both neurons carry afferent information.
Which ventricle is located within the brain stem?
Fourth ventricle
The diencephalon is found in between the brain stem and the cerebrum.
True
The foramen magnum marks the border between the medulla oblongata and spinal cord.
True
The inferior colliculi are part of the corpora quadrigemina.
True
How many major regions are contained within the diencephalon?
3
How many regions make up the brain stem?
3
All three regions of the brain stem can be observed on the ventral surface of the brain.
All 3 regions of the brain stem, the midbrain, pons, and medulla oblongata, can be observed on the ventral surface.
Where is the arbor vitae located?
Cerebellum The white matter in the cerebellum has a branching arrangement that resembles a tree. This structure is named for its appearance. The term arbor vitae means "tree of life."
Which region of the brain is necessary for consciousness?
Cerebrum The cerebrum is involved in higher order functions such as consciousness, personality, and intellect.
What structure connects the right and left cerebral hemispheres?
Corpus callosum The corpus callosum is a large fiber tract of axons connecting the right cerebral hemisphere to the left cerebral hemisphere.
Identify cranial nerve I.
Cranial nerve I is the olfactory nerve.
Which region of the diencephalon contains the pineal body?
Epithalamus
The brain is a solid organ that lacks cavities.
False
The pineal body secretes melanocyte stimulating hormone (MSH).
False
Which area of the brain stem is in contact with the spinal cord?
Medulla Oblongata
Which of the following structures is not part of the central nervous system?
Nerves are bundles of axons found in the peripheral nervous system. The optic nerve is an extension of the brain, not part of the brain.
Drag the appropriate labels to their respective targets. Lateral multi-colored view
Starting at 1 and working clockwise: Parietal lobe Occipital lobe Cerebellum Spinal cord Medulla oblongata Pons Temporal lobe Frontal lobe
Drag the appropriate labels to their respective targets.
Starting at noon and working clockwise Corpus callosum Choroid plexus Corpora quadrigemina Arbor vitae Cerebral aqueduct Pituitary gland Posterior commisure Anterior commisure
The composition of gray matter includes neuron cell bodies.
True
Which of the following structures attach the pituitary gland to the brain?
The infundibulum attaches the pituitary gland to the hypothalamus. It contains axons that originate in the hypothalamus and end in the posterior pituitary.
Which ventricles are divided by the septum pellucidum?
The lateral ventricles are cavities within the cerebrum. The right and left lateral ventricles are separated on midline by the septum pellucidum.
Which of the following ventricles is found under the corpus callosum?
The lateral ventricles lie side by side under the corpus callosum, separated by the septum pellucidum.
Which of the following areas takes visual information from one side of the body and conveys it to the opposite side?
The optic chiasm is where the optic nerves cross midline, so that sensory information from one side of the body is processed on the opposite side of the brain.
Which of the following glands can be observed on the ventral surface of the sheep brain?
The pituitary gland can be seen on the ventral surface of the brain. It can easily be removed with the meninges if care isn't taken to keep it attached.