Ch 14

True or False. An aspect of community structure is network of relationships.

True

According to the book, what are the three essential elements of community?

1) linked by geography or webs of communication, 2) common ties, 3) interaction

List the four characteristics associated with gesellschaft communities.

1) little identification with community 2) authority based on laws and rationality 3) relationships based on goal attainment and emotional neutrality 4) others seen as role enactors

According to the book, what are the four essential elements for having a sense of community?

1) similarity with others, 2) interdependence, 3) mutual exchanges to fulfill needs, 4) sense of belonging

List the four characteristics associated with gemeinschaft communities.

1) strong identification with community 2) authority based on tradition 3) relationships based on emotionalism 4) others seen as whole persons

The most recent research suggests that, compared to non-users, users of internet social networking:

Are more diverse and have more non-kin in their networks

In understanding contrasting types of relational communities that are based on networks of interaction rather than territory, Wellman identified all of the following types of communities, except: A. community saved B. community gained C. community lost D. community liberated

B. community gained

The text identifies five perspectives on community. Four of these can be applied to both territorial and relational community. Which perspective is associated ONLY with territorial communities: A. conflict B. spatial arrangements C. social systems D. social capital

B. spatial arrangements

When a community is homogenous, inward looking, and tends to mobilize solidarity and in-group loyalty it is referred to as:

Bonding social capital

When a community is outward looking and diverse and links its community members to assets and information across community boundaries it refers to:

Bridging social capital

Which of the following is a true statement about social work and the community? A. social work's involvement in the community is relatively new B. there is general agreement about appropriate roles for social workers C. there has been multiple peak periods of intense social work interest in the community within the U.S. D. social work's relationship with the community has been the same over time

C. there has been multiple peak periods of intense social work interest in the community within the U.S.

Social capital is defined as:

Community cohesion

Define the following four elements of communities: contact, range, intimacy, and immediate kinship/friendship.

Contact: level of interaction, how accessible community members are for contact and how much contact they actually have Range: size and heterogeneity of community membership Intimacy: sense of relationships being special, desire for companionship among members, interest in being together in multiple social contexts over a long period of time, sense of mutuality in relationships, with needs known and supported Immediate kinship/friendship: proportion of community membership composed of immediate kin (parents, adult children, sibling) versus friends

The goal of ___________ research is to understand the underlying rules and patterns of everyday life, in a particular location, or among a particular group, from the "native point of view."

Ethnographic

A community where relationships are personal and traditional is known as:

Gemeinschaft

A system which can map the spatial distribution of a variety of social data is called the _________________________ computer technology.

Geographic information system

Social work planners and administrators should be familiar with computerized techniques for mapping social data, such as the:

Geographic information systems

A community where relationships are impersonal and contractual is known as:

Gesellschaft

Interactions that take place with other members of the community are referred to as:

Horizontal linkages

In the community building model, members of the community would be considered the expert in which of the following areas:

Needs of families

1Local knowledge, local resources, and outside help are three assumptions of which of the following models?

PRA model

Community based on voluntary interaction is defined as a:

Relational community

Having a perception of similarity with others, an acknowledged interdependence with others, and a willingness to maintain this interdependence by doing what is expected, the feeling that one is part of a larger dependable and stable structure BEST defines which of the following?

Sense of community

A model of community practice that is political in nature, emphasizes social reform, and challenges structural inequalities is which of the following?

Social action model

Community based on geography or territory is defined as a:

Territorial community

The most frequently used medium for communication is:

The mobile phone

True or False. A characteristic of a gemeinschaft community is that people have a strong identification with community.

True

True or False. A characteristic of a gesellschaft community is that people have little identification with community.

True

True or False. A definition of both territorial and relational communities is that people are bound either by geography or by webs of communication, sharing common ties, and interacting with one another.

True

True or False. A network is considered to be a set of social relations or social ties among a set of actors.

True

True or False. A social action model for social change challenges social inequalities.

True

True or False. An aspect of community culture is patterns of meanings.

True

True or False. When people have a sense of community they feel that they are a part of a larger dependable and stable structure and perceive both a similarity and interdependence with others.

True

According to the book, what are the three aspects of community culture?

Um there's 5. Use of language, pattern of meanings, typical pracitces, common knowledge, symbols that guide thinking, feelings, and behaviors

Interactions with individuals and systems outside the community are referred to as:

Vertical linkages

The capacity of community residents to achieve social control over the environment and to engage in collective action for the common good is referred to as:

Collective efficacy

People bound either by geography or by webs of communication, sharing common ties, and interacting with one another BEST defines which of the following?

Community

Patterns of meanings, enduring patterns of communication, and symbols that guide thinking, feelings, and behaviors are related to:

Community culture

Patterns of interaction, institutions, economic and political factors are related to:

Community structure

When community members come together to identify community problems, resources, and solutions, it is which of the following?

Community-building model

Power can be grown, human behavior is motivated by mutual self-interest, people are basically good, the wealthy and the poor work together are assumptions for which practice model:

Consensus organizing

Greater use of technology is associated with all of the following except: A. increased dependency on neighbors for companionship B. increased diversity in social networks C. increased non-kin networks D. Increased core discussion networks

D. Increased core discussion networks

Geographic Information Systems (GIS) holds much promise for social work planning and administration because: A. it has the potential to empower disenfranchised community groups B. can identify resources and hazards in relation to where social work clients live C. can identify areas with unmet social service needs D. all of the above

D. all of the above

When was the peak period of intense social work interest in the community in the United States?

Depression years of the 1930s

True or False. A social planning model for change is based on the assumption of shared interests rather than conflicting interests.

False. A social planning model for change is based on the premise that the complexities of modern social problems require expert planers schooled in a rational planning models

True or False. A community development model for social change is based on using expert planners to determine the direction of change.

False. It often relies heavily on indigenous leaders, or leaders who are indigenous to the targeted community to facilitate meaningful community participation

True or False. Social capital is considered to be a reflection of community structure.

False. Social capital is community cohesion, which is thought to be based in dense social networks, high levels of civic engagement, a sense of solidarity and equality among members, and norms of reciprocity and tructworthiness

Define the community development approach for social change.

It is based on an assumption of shared interests, rather than conflicting interests. It seeks to bring together diverse community interests for the betterment of the community as a whole, with attention to community building and an improved sense of community

Which of the following is defined as the set of social relations or social ties among a set of actors?

Network

According to the book, what are the four aspects of community structure?

Network of relationships, institutions, economic factors, political factors

Web based services that allow individuals to construct a public or semi-public profile within a bounded system are known as:

Social networking sites

When change is brought about in a community by expert planners and the community power structure is the author of social change it is which of the following?

Social planning model

Transnational communities are a growing trend characterized by:

connections to both community of origin and territorial communities