Ch. 18

Which of the following best describes the benefit of the vasomotion process?

It provides a balance between adequate perfusion to all of the tissues while maintaining blood's pressure.

Which of the choices below does not explain why low capillary pressures are desirable?

Low blood pressure is associated with longer life span than high blood pressure.

The velocity and pressure of blood is slowest and lowest in the capillary beds. Which of the following is not an accurate description of the benefits of slow, low pressure blood in the capillary beds?

Lower pressure in the capillary bed helps to increase pressure in the venous circulation.

Which of the following statements is not true of the precapillary sphincters?

They decrease the osmotic pressure in the thoroughfare channel.

Which of the following is the most significant source of blood flow resistance?

blood vessel diameter

Permitting the exchange of nutrients and gases between the blood and tissue cells is the primary function of ________.

capillaries

In the brain the fluid that filters out of capillaries is highly regulated. You would expect to see ________ feeding the brain.

continuous capillaries, with no intercellular clefts

In red bone marrow newly formed blood cells enter the circulation. You would expect to see many ________ type of capillaries in red bone marrow.

sinusoid capillaries

The pulse pressure is ________.

systolic pressure minus diastolic pressure

Which tunic of an artery is most responsible for maintaining blood pressure and continuous blood circulation?

tunica media

Which of the following would have the least influence on blood pressure?

white blood cell count

Which of the following blood pressure readings would be indicative of hypertension?

170/96

Which statement best describes arteries?

All carry blood away from the heart.

If a person has lost a significant amount of blood but still maintains a normal blood pressure it does not necessarily mean that the person is maintaining adequate perfusion. Which of the following best explains why this is so?

Blood vessels are constricting causing greater peripheral resistance.

Which of the following is likely during vigorous exercise?

Capillaries of the active muscles will be engorged with blood.

The aorta receives the full force of blood exiting the heart during ventricular systole. Which of the following statements best describes the adaptive anatomy of the aorta?

The aorta receives the full force of blood exiting the heart during ventricular systole. Which of the following statements best describes the adaptive anatomy of the aorta?

Which of the choices below explains why the arterioles are known as resistance vessels?

The contraction and relaxation of the smooth muscle in their walls can change their diameter.

If a person were to have substantial blood loss you would expect to see all of the following physiological events to except one. Select the least likely response to substantial blood loss.

decreased heart rate

Reduction in the concentration of albumin in blood plasma would alter capillary exchange by ___________________.

decreasing colloid osmotic pressure

Which of the choices below reflects the balance (or imbalance) between the direction and amount of fluid that flows across the capillary walls?

hydrostatic and osmotic pressure

If a person stands up suddenly from the prone (lying) position they may feel a sudden dizzy or lightheaded. Which of the following is the least likely physiological response to this situation

increased parasympathetic nerve impulses to the heart

drug that restricts the activity of angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) would like result in all of the following physiologic changes but one. Which of the following is the least likely to result from a drug blocking ACE activity?

increased thirst and higher blood volume

Peripheral resistance ________.

increases as blood viscosity increases

Blood flow to the skin ________.

increases when environmental temperature rises

Which of the following would not promote filtration from the arteriole end of the capillary bed?

increasing plasma protein concentration

Which of the following would not promote reabsorption from the venous end of the capillary bed?

increasing solute concentration in the nearby interstitial fluid

The arteries that are also called distributing arteries are the ________.

muscular arteries

Which of the following signs of hypovolemic shock is a relatively late sign?

rapidly falling blood pressure

Which of the following processes provides a long-term response to changes in blood pressure?

renal regulation

The form of circulatory shock known as hypovolemic shock is ________.

shock that results from large-scale loss of blood volume, or after severe vomiting or diarrhea