Ch 18 - Case Study: Diets for Disease Prevention

The physician discusses with Ellen that there might be a higher risk for certain cancers as a result of her weight. These include all of the following EXCEPT a. Colon cancer b. Breast cancer c. Endometrial cancer d. Lung cancer e. Esophageal cancer

cancerd. Lung cancer

To decrease her risk of cardiovascular disease, Ellen should do all of the following EXCEPT: a. Limit saturated fat to less than 7 percent of daily kcalories. b. Limit trans fats to less than 1 percent of daily kcalories. c. Limit cholesterol to less than 200 milligrams per day. d. Limit sodium intake to less than 2500 milligrams per day. e. If consumed, have no more than two alcoholic beverages per day if male, and one if female

d. Limit sodium intake to less than 2500 milligrams per day.

Ellen's doctor also orders a lipid profile and reviews the results in conjunction with the results of her history and physical examination. Which of the following does NOT constitute a high risk for heart disease? a. Total blood cholesterol of 240 mg/dL. b. LDL cholesterol of 190 mg/dL c. HDL cholesterol of 37 mg/dL d. Triglycerides of 200 mg/dL e. Fasting plasma glucose 95 g/dL

e. Fasting plasma glucose 95 g/dL

Prior to gaining 15 pounds over the last six months, Ellen was _____ which is associated with _______, an underlying cause of most other chronic diseases.

obese; chronic inflammation

Which is a risk factor for chronic diseases based on Ellen's current diet and lifestyle?

Low intake of fiber and phytochemicals

All of the following are modifiable risk factors for cardiovascular diseases EXCEPT: a. High triglycerides. b. Hypertension. c. Physical inactivity. d. Osteoporosis. e. Atherogenic diet.

Osteoporosis.

A few weeks after Ellen started medication to lower her blood pressure, she remembers feeling weakness, numbness, cramps, irregular heartbeats, and excessive thirst and urination. These are likely signs of:

Potassium imbalance

Ellen's doctor encourages her to reduce her risk of developing type 2 diabetes by making some lifestyle changes. All of the following diet and lifestyle changes associated with reducing risk of diabetes except: a. Lose weight. b. Increase physical activity. c. Replace frozen desserts with fruit options. d. Stop smoking. e. Drink water in place of soda

Stop smoking