ch. 18 lesson 3 world history- napoleon

Did Napoleon destroy some revolutionary ideals??

Yes, liberty was replaced by a despotism that grew increasingly arbitary

What did Napoleon once claimed that he had preserved the gains of ??

gains of the revolution for the French people

Emperor Napoleon

he crowned himself this title

When did N. achieve a peace treaty?

in 1802 but it did not last long

Directory

(1795-1799) - The five-man executive committee that ruled France in its own interests as a republic after Robespierre's execution and prior to Napoleon's coming to power.

things he wanted to change...

6 things: strong central government, religious unity, financial unity, economic reform, educational reform, legal unity

Nationalism

A strong feeling of pride in and devotion to one's country. nationalism A devotion to the interests and culture of one's nation. it is the unique cultural identity of a people based on common language, religion, and national symbols.

government new search with the manuscripts and mail

All manuscripts and mail was subjected to government scrutiny before they were sent or published by government police

Who did Britain join by?

Austria, Russia, Prussia, Sweden

Who were Napoleon's parents?

Carlo Buonaparte and Letizia Ramolino Buonaparte

Civil code part 2

Code of laws established by Napoleon which preserved many of the ideals of the French Revolution

Napoleon nicknames

Consul (the first consul) Emperor Napoleon

Where was Napoleon born?

Corsica, in 1769

Why did he divorce Josephine?

Even though they were perfect together, and Napoleon saw many good things in them, but then she was too old and getting ugly that she could not give Napoleon a son.

consulate

Form of government which followed the directory -established by Napoleon-ended when Napoleon was crowned emperor.

Who was his wives?

Marie Louise (haspburg) Joséphine de Beauharnasis

New Bureaucracy

N. developed a powerful, centralized administrative machine. N. worked to develop a bureaucracy of capable officials.

legal unity

Napoleon code, deny women equal, give women and children NO legal rights

preserver of the revolution??

Napoleon did preserve aspects of the revolution. the civil code preserved the equality of all citizens before the law. The concept of opening government careers to more people was another gain of the revolution that he retained.

Why did Napoleon marry Joséphine?

Napoleon only married Josephine because he wanted someone to produce an heir. He married a older, women such as Josephine because he would receive more respect form his fellow officers and leaders.

Consul

Napoleon was made consul for life in 1802; there are three, but Napoleon was the first

Survival of Great Britain

Napoleon's Continental System to defeat Britain failed. Britains navy was too strong and powerful.

religious unity

Napoleon's first moves was to establish peace with the oldest enemy of the revolution, the catholic Church. 98% of french were catholic. In 1801, Napoleon made an agreement with the Pope, agreement recognized Catholicism as the religion of a majority of the French people

Napoleon Bonaparte

Overthrew French Directory in 1799 and became emperor of the French in 1804. Failed to defeat Great Britain and abdicated in 1814 and was sent to Elba. Returned to power briefly in 1815 but was defeated in the battle of waterloo and died in exile in St. Helena. brought the french revolution to the end in 1799

Building the Empire

When N. became consul in 1799, France was at war with a European coalition of Russia, Great Britain, and Austria

Financial unity

bank of France, to control government

promotion

based not on rank or birth but on ability only

new aristocracy

based on merit in the state service N. created 3, 263 nobles between 1808 and 1814; nearly 60% were military officers, socially only 22 percent of N.'s aristocracy came from the nobility of the old regime. Almost 60% were middle class origin

The fall of Napoleon

began with his invasion of Russia where they were defeated

How napoleon won his confidence of his men?

by his energy, charm, and ability to make quick decisions.

Napoleon's most famous domestic achievement was his what?

codification of the laws:

Napoleon's Grand Empire

comprised of three major parts: french empire(inner core, enlarged France), dependent states(kingdoms under the rule of Napoleon's relative), and allied states( defeated by Napoleon and forced to join his struggle against Britain).

Codification of the laws

during the revolution, efforts were made to prepare a single law code for the entire nation. But Napoleon to bring the work to completion in seven codes of law

Economic reform

lower food prices, government employer of last resort, peasants kept land; that the government taken from the church

Civil Code (Napoleonic Code)

most important code, it preserved most of the gains of the revoulution by recognizing the principle of the equality of all citizens before the law (such as the right of the individual to choose a profession, religious toleration, adn the abolition of serdom, and feudalism)

N. trying to destroy the old order

nobility and clergy lost heir special privileges. N. decreed equality of opportunity with offices open to talents, equality before the law, and religious toleration, important factor in the development of liberal traditions in these countries.

Spreading the principles of the revolution

principles of the French Revolution, including legal equality, religious toleration, and economic freedom

Napoleon's education

study at a military school in France >not liked by his fellow classmates: he was short, poor, and had a Italian accent >he read works and educated himself in military matters by studying the campaigns of great military leaders from the past.

coup d'etat

sudden overthrow of the government of the Directory

What did Napoleon destroy by his takeover of power?

the ideal of republican liberty

Napoleon's Civil Code undid what laws?

the laws that made getting a divorce easy process and for the wives, husbands, and children to inherit property equally

Napoleon was known as what?

the master of Europe.

Two major reasons help to explain the collapse of the empire

the survival of Great Britain and the force of nationalism

educational reform

university of france, colleges, lycee(public high school) , ecoles(public junior high school)

Waterloo

was the last war that Napoleon went in and was defeated