Ch 19

"Presentism" is

A bias toward present-day attitudes as we interpret history

Some slave-ship captains favored the "tight packing" method, deliberately overcrowding their human cargo on a Middle Passage voyage on the assumption that _____________

A few more captives might survive than on a ship that was less crowded

The long-ranged impact of a Muslim invasion of northern Sub-Saharan Africa in the sixteenth century is that it _______________

Brought empire-building in the northern Sub-Saharan African societies to a halt

____________ would have been destroyed in a Muslim holy war had it not been for the timely arrival of a Portuguese fleet with artillery and musketeers in 1541

Ethiopia

Around 1750, there were about 10,000 Boers (Dutch for "____________") in the Cape Colon, easily outnumbered by slaves

Farmers

The average slave field on a sugar plantation was estimated to live __________

Five or six years

The Hausa kingdoms ____________

Formed at the heights of the Mali-dominated trans-Saharan trade

The demand for slave labor reached new heights in Brazil when ___________

Gold was discovered in Minas Gerais in 1690

James Oglethorpe's vision for the colony of Georgia included all of the following EXCEPT ____________

An adoption of native Creek patterns of interactions with the natural environment

In "chattel" slavery, the slave is, in legal terms _______________

An item of moveable personal property

The rulers of Benin did all of the following EXCEPT _____________ A. Permitted some Portuguese missionaries into their domains B. Actively resisted the encroachment of Portuguese cultural values C. Limited the traffic in slaves to females D. Sought to sell slaves to the Portuguese in exchange for firearms

B. Actively resisted the encroachment of Portuguese cultural values

Recent scholarship suggests that a key formative element in the development of culture and identify of Africans in the Americas lay in the influence of the ____________

Central African Creoles from Kongo and Ndongo

All of the following are true of the Dutch in Africa EXCEPT _______________ A. The first settlers were craftsmen and traders, but by 1750 there were about 10,000 Dutch farmers in the Cape Colony B. A few wealthy landowners imported the first black slaves to the colony in 1658 C. The built fort on the South African coast in 1652 D. A Dutch settler society gradually emerged, particularly when they offended a haven to English Catholics seeking refuge

D. A Dutch settler society gradually emerged, particularly when they offended a haven to English Catholics seeking refuge

All of the following statements are true of the Portuguese interaction or contacts in West Africa EXCEPT _________________ A. By the 1440s, Portuguese mariners raided the West African coast for slaves B. The Portuguese gained rights to trade and build posts through treaties with local African leaders C. In early skirmishes with Africans, the precisely aimed poisoned arrows of the Africans were more effective than the Portuguese muskets D. African agriculturalists became much more productive after adopting Portuguese iron plow shears

D. African agriculturalists became much more productive after adopting Portuguese iron plow shears

The following order is correct _______________. A. First African slaves land in Brazil; first African slaves land in England's North American colonies; proprietors of Barbados establish Colony of Carolina; first African slaves land in Hispaniola B. First African slaves land in England's North American colonies; proprietors of Barbados; first African slaves land in Hispaniola; first African slaves land in Brazil C. Proprietors of Barbados establish Colony of Carolina; first African slaves land in England's North American colonies; first African slaves land in Hispaniola; first African slaves land in Brazil D. First African slaves land in Hispaniola; first African slaves land in Brazil; first African slaves land in England's North American colonies; proprietors of Barbados establish Colony of Carolina

D. First African slaves land in Hispaniola; first African slaves land in Brazil; first African slaves land in England's North American colonies; proprietors of Barbados establish Colony of Carolina

The unequal relations between Tutsi cattle breeders and ___________ farmers froze into a caste system during the nineteenth-century colonial occupation.

Hutu

Privateers were individuals entrepreneurs who were virtually indistinguishable from __________

Pirates

____________ was an African empire during the fifteenth and sixteenth centuries

Songhay

An example of a Creole language that has survived for centuries is Gullah, used by the isolated communities along the coastal islands of Georgia and _____________

South Carolina

The Atlantic system or the "__________" trade connected the American colonies with Africa and Europe

Triangular