Ch 23 Vid 3 Quiz
A species of snail lives in the intertidal zone along the coast of New England. The dark-colored variety of the species is more common in northern New England, the light-colored variety is more common two hundred miles away in southern New England, and both varieties are commonly found together in central New England. Which of the following best explains the observed distribution pattern of the snails?
Dark-colored snails absorb more solar energy and so survive more readily in the colder northern waters
Female European corn borer moths (Ostrinia nubilalis) produce the sex pheromone 11− tetradecenyl acetate ( 11−TDA ), which attracts males of their species. 11−TDA can be produced in two forms, E and Z , each with a different three-dimensional shape. Researchers have discovered two different strains of the European corn borer moth living in different geographic locations separated by a barrier. Females of the E strain produce primarily the E form of 11−TDA and females of the Z strain produce primarily the Z form of 11−TDA . Males of both strains are more attracted to the form of 11−TDA produced by the females of the same strain. Which of the following best predicts a long-term effect of the differences between the E and Z strains?
The difference between the forms of the sex pheromone 11−TDA produced by E and Z strains will act as a prezygotic reproductive barrier, leading to allopatric speciation.
A small number of lizards from a mainland population have been deposited on four isolated islands because of the effects of a rare strong storm. Which of the following best predicts the outcome of these lizards reproducing for many generations on the islands, leading to the formation of 4 separate species?
The isolation prevents gene flow; and natural selection causes the lizards on different islands experience prezygotic isolation
The condition in which there are barriers to successful interbreeding between individuals of different species in the same community is referred to as
reproductive isolation
Which of the following types of reproductive barriers separate a pair of species that could interbreed except that one mates in the spring and the other in the fall?
temporal isolation
Which of the following observations would provide the strongest evidence that two plants belong to different biological species?
they produce viable but sterile offspring
Blackcap birds (Sylvia atricapilla) migrate out of Germany before wintertime. Prior to the 1960s, all members of a particular blackcap population flew to Spain, which had an abundant natural food source. Now, some members of the same blackcap population fly to the United Kingdom, where food placed in feeders by humans is abundant. The blackcaps return to the same forests in Germany to nest during the breeding season. Some blackcaps that migrate to the United Kingdom have become distinguishable by certain physical and behavioral traits from blackcaps that migrate to Spain. Which of the following best predicts the effect on the blackcap population if humans in the United Kingdom continue to place food in feeders during the winter?
The blackcaps that migrate to the United Kingdom will become reproductively isolated from the blackcaps that migrate to Spain, resulting in speciation in the blackcap population.
Competition for food would probably be most severe between two
closely related species in similar niches
In a small group of people living in a remote area, there is a high incidence of "blue skin", a condition that results from a variation in the structure of hemoglobin. All of the "blue-skinned" residents can trace their ancestry to one couple, who were among the original settlers of this region. The unusually high frequency of "blue skin" in the area is an example of
genetic drift
A migratory bird poops out a few seeds of a strawberry pant plant in an area where those plants did not live before. Over time the strawberry plant develops into a new species that is reproductively isolated from the ancestral species. What best explains this occurrence
mutations that cause reproductive isolation on two species that are allopatric
A population of lizards moves from the ground layer to the lower canopy of the forest. Generation after generation the population no longer reproduces or experiences gene flow with the population on the ground. These two populations are now considered separate species due to:
prezygotic habitat isolation
