Ch. 24 Asepsis and Infection Control Prep U

Which practice is a correct application of infection control practices? a. A nurse performs hand washing each time the nurse removes a pair of gloves. b. A nurse uses an alcohol-based hand rub each time that the nurse's hands are visibly soiled. c. A nurse dons a pair of gloves prior to any client contact. d. A nurse rinses hands thoroughly after the application of an alcohol-based hand rub.

a. A nurse performs hand washing each time the nurse removes a pair of gloves.

An experienced nurse is teaching a student nurse about the proper use of hand hygiene. Which guideline should the nurse provide to the student? a. Hand hygiene is needed after contact with objects near the client. b. The use of gloves eliminates the need for hand hygiene. c. Hand lotions should not be used after hand hygiene. d. The use of hand hygiene eliminates the need for gloves.

a. Hand hygiene is needed after contact with objects near the client.

A nurse is caring for a child who is hospitalized for diphtheria. Which guideline would be appropriate when caring for this client? a. Wear personal protective equipment (PPE) when entering the room for all interactions that may involve contact with the client. b. Place client in a private room that has monitored negative air pressure. c. Ensure that hard surfaces in the room are disinfected at least once per day. d. Use a private room with the door closed at all times.

a. Wear personal protective equipment (PPE) when entering the room for all interactions that may involve contact with the client.

A lead nurse is removing personal protective equipment after dressing the infected wounds of a client. Which is the priority nursing action? a. handwashing before leaving the client's room b. remove the garments that are most contaminated c. make contact between two contaminated surfaces d. make contact between two clean surfaces

a. handwashing before leaving the client's room

A client comes to the emergency department reporting becoming very ill after consuming shrimp and lobster. How will the nurse document this condition? a. noncommunicable disease b. infectious disease c. contagious disease d. communicable disease

a. noncommunicable disease

The nurse is caring for a client who is to have a sterile dressing change to a wound. A student nurse enters the client's room and notices the nurse preparing the sterile field. After reviewing the image, which response by the student nurse to the nurse is the most accurate understanding of this procedure? a. "Using either side of the drape is okay, as long as you do not contaminate the sterile supplies on the field." b. "The way you are doing it helps to minimize contamination of the non-waterproof side." c. "It is okay to turn the drape on the other side." d. "I use my whole hand to touch the non-waterproof surface before placing the sterile equipment on it."

b. "The way you are doing it helps to minimize contamination of the non-waterproof side."

The nurse determines that which client is at greatest risk for a wound infection? a. An older adult client with dry skin b. A two-day postoperative client c. A client with a urinary catheter d. An infant with intact skin

b. A two-day postoperative client

The nurse has completed an intervention with a client. There is no visible soiling on the nurse's hands. Which technique is recommended by infection control practice standards for hand hygiene? a. Wash hands with soap and water, followed by an alcohol-based hand rub. b. Decontaminate hands using an alcohol-based hand rub. c. Do not wash hands; apply clean gloves. d. Wash hands with soap and hot water.

b. Decontaminate hands using an alcohol-based hand rub.

Which piece of personal protective equipment (PPE) should be removed first? a. Gown b. Gloves c. Goggles d. Respirator

b. Gloves

The nurse is caring for a client who has been placed in strict isolation. Which nursing action is appropriate? a. Allow many family members to visit at once. b. Remove fresh fruit from the room. c. Deliver flowers and balloons to the room. d. No special precautions are required.

b. Remove fresh fruit from the room.

The nurse planning to insert an indwelling urinary catheter into a client should utilize which technique? a. Universal precautions b. Surgical asepsis c. Contact precautions d. Medical asepsis

b. Surgical asepsis

A client has a diagnosis of HIV and has been admitted to the hospital with an opportunistic infection that originated with the client's normal flora. Why did this client most likely become ill from his resident microorganisms? a. The client's normal flora proliferated because of a nutritional deficit b. The client's immune system became further weakened c. The resident microorganisms mutated and became virulent d. The client's normal flora began producing spores

b. The client's immune system became further weakened

The nurse is caring for a client with tuberculosis. Which precautions will the nurse select for this client? a. droplet b. airborne c. contact d. standard

b. airborne

The nurse is caring for a client with tuberculosis. The prior shift's nurse has placed the client in droplet precautions. Which is the appropriate nursing action? a. change to contact precautions b. change to airborne precautions c. continue with droplet precautions d. change to standard precautions

b. change to airborne precautions

The nurse is caring for a client who became very ill after ingesting seafood. How will the nurse document this condition? a. infectious disease b. noncommunicable disease c. contagious disease d. communicable disease

b. noncommunicable disease

A nurse has finished providing care for a client who is on contact precautions. When removing the protective gown, the nurse should take which action? a. Perform hand hygiene before removing the gown. b. Remove the gown before removing gloves. c. Avoid touching the outer surfaces of the gown. d. Remove the gown immediately after exiting the room.

c. Avoid touching the outer surfaces of the gown.

When preparing a sterile field, the nurse notes that the bottle of sterile saline was opened 48 hours ago and is half full. What action does the nurse take to ensure that the saline used is sterile? a. Use the saline for the procedure and discard the remaining amount because it has been 48 hours since opening. b. Pour the saline into a sterile container on the sterile field by holding it 6 in (15 cm) above the container. c. Discard the bottle and get a new one because the saline has expired. d. Since the bottle has been open, previously used, and unexpired, "lip" it by pouring a small amount into a waste container or waste cup.

c. Discard the bottle and get a new one because the saline has expired.

The nurse must assign a room for a client admitted with endocarditis and methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) in the blood. A client with which diagnosis can share a room with this client? a. Clostridium difficile and colitis b. Coronary artery bypass grafting c. MRSA in the wound d. Vancomycin-resistant enterococci and urinary tract infection

c. MRSA in the wound

In which situation is an alcohol-based rub an inappropriate option for hand hygiene? a. When the nurse leaves the room of an immunocompromised client b. When the nurse is caring for a client with an active infection c. When the nurse's hands are visibly soiled d. When the nurse anticipates contact with the client's skin

c. When the nurse's hands are visibly soiled

The nurse is preparing discharge instructions for a family member who will be caring for a client with an abdominal incision. Which concept should be the priority in the teaching plan? a. signs of healing b. sterile technique c. hand washing d. putting on gloves

c. hand washing

The nurse is caring for assigned clients who are all stable. Which client should the nurse see first to minimize the spread of infection? a. the client admitted with a rash who reports recent exposure to measles b. the client admitted with diarrhea who tested positive for Escherichia coli (E. coli) c. the client who is 48-hours postsurgical procedure d. the client placed in contact isolation who was admitted with a draining abdominal wound

c. the client who is 48-hours postsurgical procedure

The nurse reminds the visitor of a client with an antibiotic-resistant infection that gloves are necessary. The visitor states, "I need to directly hold my loved one's hand without a barrier." What essential information does the nurse need to explain to the visitor to prevent transmission of the organism? a. "If you do not wear gloves you will also get the infection." b. "Your loved-one has an antibiotic-resistant infection which means that there are a limited number or no antibiotics available to treat it." c. "Your loved-one understands why you have to wear gloves because he or she has been educated about the infection and barrier precautions." d. "The glove is an important barrier in preventing the transmission of your loved-one's antibiotic-resistant infection to you or other people you come in contact with."

d. "The glove is an important barrier in preventing the transmission of your loved-one's antibiotic-resistant infection to you or other people you come in contact with."

The nurse is inserting an indwelling catheter. What steps will the nurse distinguish as priority in preventing an infection? a. Place water-soluble lubricant on catheter tip prior to insertion b. Wash the perineal area with soap and water c. Ensure opening port of the catheter is closed d. Create an area for sterile field and opening packages

d. Create an area for sterile field and opening packages

A nurse is implementing the principles of surgical asepsis while inserting a client's indwelling urinary catheter. Which action should the nurse perform? a. Consider the outer 3-in edge of a sterile field to be contaminated. b. Open sterile packages so that the first edge of the wrapper is directed toward you. c. Consider the outside of the sterile package to be partially sterile. d. Hold sterile objects above waist level to prevent accidental contamination.

d. Hold sterile objects above waist level to prevent accidental contamination.

For which client would the use of standard precautions alone be appropriate? a. a child with chickenpox who is treated in the emergency room b. a client with TB who needs medications administered c. a client with diphtheria who needs p.m. care d. an incontinent client in a nursing home who has diarrhea

d. an incontinent client in a nursing home who has diarrhea

The nurse is supervising a nursing student who will be performing wound care. During preparation of the sterile field, the nurse observes the student performing the action picture above. What is the nurse's best response? a. direct the student to obtain a new dressing tray b. remind the student that gloves should be worn c. instruct the student to grasp the center of the drape rather than the corners d. commend the student's appropriate technique

d. commend the student's appropriate technique

The client is an employee on the medical unit at the local children's hospital. The nurse is an occupational health nurse educating the client on various routes of exposure. The nurse knows that as a hospital employee, the client is most susceptible to infection by what mode of transmission? a. vehicle b. droplet c. airborne d. contact

d. contact

A nurse is caring for a client with rubella. Which nursing action is an important precaution to be taken when caring for this client? a. using a special high-filtration particulate respirator b. changing gloves after contact with the client's infective material c. washing hands with an antimicrobial agent or waterless antiseptic agent d. wearing a mask when working within 3 feet (1 m) of the client

d. wearing a mask when working within 3 feet (1 m) of the client

Which care intervention should the nurse anticipate when providing care to a client admitted with a possible diagnosis of tuberculosis (TB)? a. wearing a face mask when entering and staying at a distance from the client b. wearing protective eye wear for all client contact c. placing the client in a regular, private room d. wearing a particulate respirator for all client care and interaction

d. wearing a particulate respirator for all client care and interaction

A pediatric client's caregiver states, "I will never give my child vaccinations." What is the priority nursing response? a. "Help me understand your thoughts about vaccinations." b. "Transmission of certain diseases is halted with vaccination." c. "Vaccinations prevent disease." d. "Has your child received any previous vaccinations?"

a. "Help me understand your thoughts about vaccinations."