Ch. 25

The patient who is prescribed a diuretic for fluid-volume excess is discharged home. The patient verbalizes understanding of his disease process when he says:

"I will snack on raisins"

A patients with congestive heart failure has gained 1.1 pounds over the last 24 hours. The nurse is aware that this weight gain represents a fluid retention of ______L.

0.5

Based on the information provided, which of these measurements should be recorded on the output sheet?

250mL nasogastric secretions, 200mL diarrhea stool, 650 mL urine from Foley catheter, 50mL chest tube drainage

A patient with healthy kidneys experiences metabolic alkalosis resulting from episodes of vomiting. The nurse takes into consideration that the kidneys can clear the alkaline substances and fully stabilize the patient's PH in approximately:

3 days

At the beginning of the shift, a patient's IV bag has 960mL remaining. The IV fluid is running at 75 mL/hr. In 8 hours, there should be how many milliliters remaining in IV bag?

360

A patient drank a cup of coffee, a half glass of OJ, and half a carton of milk with breakfast. Using common equivalents of food containers a guide, the nurse notes on the intake column of the intake and output sheet that the patient consumed ______ mL.

420

The nurse is aware that a more dynamic process that moves molecules into cells regardless of their electrical charge or concentration in the cell is:

Active Transport

The nurse points out that non-electrolyte products of metabolism are as important to health as as electrolytes. Non-electrolytes include:

Amino Acids

An anxious adult patient is experiencing a respiratory rate of 40 breaths/min. The most appropriate intervention that the nurse could do is to instruct the patient to:

Breathe through a re-breather mask

A nurse gets a positive Chvostek's sign on a young woman with bulimia who has been giving herself frequent enemas containing phosphate. The nurse anticipates a laboratory finding of ____ mEq/L

Calcium 6.5

The nurse is caring for a patient for whom a dose of IV potassium has been ordered. Prior to hanging the potassium, the nurse should:

Confirm the IV fluid running is compatible with potassium

A patient has been identified as having a dietary deficiency of vitamin D. The nurse understands that this patient is also at risk for having a deficiency of:

Potassium

The nurse assesses that the patient has developed abdominal pain, urinary retention, and confusion. The nurse concludes these signs are the result of an inadequate supply of:

Potassium (K+)

The nurse is aware that small ions such as glucose, oxygen, and carbon dioxide redistribute themselves through semi-permeable membranes by a process called:

Diffusion

For the accurate measurement to detect fluid retention, the nurse instructs the nursing assistants to measure the weight with the same scale:

Each morning before breakfast after the patient had voided

The nurse caring for frail 92 year old dehydrated patient should add to the plan of care the potential for

Fall related to confusion

The patient who was admitted after vomiting for 3 days would show an abnormally low blood pressure because of a fluid shift from:

Intravascular To The Interstitial

The nurse clarifies that when electrolytes are in solution, they break up and become

Ions

The nurse is aware that an infant is more at risk for dehydration because the infant:

Has a larger body surface compared with body weight

A patient with a serum potassium value of less than 3.5 mEq/L is

Hypoalemic

An isotonic state exists within a patient's body fluids when the solute concentration of:

Intracellular and Extracellular Fluid is equal

A 10 month old infant has had watery green stool fo r2 days and refuses the bottle. The nurse is aware that the primary concern for this baby is:

Metabolic Acidosis

A patient who is experiencing severe diarrhea is losing excessive bicarbonate ions. This patients is at risk for developing:

Metabolic Acidosis

The nurse explains that the dehydrated patient's urine is concentrated because:

Renal tubules reabsorb more water and reduce urine output

A patient with a history of severe chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is most likely to have:

Respiratory Acidosis

The nurse clarifies that the electrolytes include:

Sodium, Potassium, Magnesium

The nurse is comparing sitting and standing vital signs for a patient who has been diagnosed with dehydration. The pulse rate has increased by 10 beats/min at 1 minute. The nurse then anticipates the blood pressure to show an ______mmHg.

drop of 20

The physician orders fluid restriction for a patient with severe fluid volume excess. When a patient is placed on a fluid restriction, the allowance of fluids should be:

greatest during the day shift

The nurse assessing a newly admitted patient with marked edema from severe congestive failure would anticipate that the patient would exhibit:

hypertension, weight gain, crackles heard on ausultation

The nurse is aware that the patient who suffered a brain injury with cerebral edema will most likely receive a fluid is:

hypertonic

The nurse explains that water as a constituent of the body has the functions of:

transportation of nutrients, heat regulation, removing waste from the cells