Ch 26 Quiz

Hiking Mt. Everest is a dangerous journey because _____. very little oxygen is available at higher elevationshumans become overheated at higher elevationshumans risk freezing to death in extreme coldvery little oxygen is available at higher elevations, and humans become overheated at higher elevationsvery little oxygen is available at higher elevations, and humans risk freezing to death in extreme cold

very little oxygen is available at higher elevations, and humans risk freezing to death in extreme cold

Which statement describes what is most likely happening when you feel thirsty? Blood pressure has increased.Blood osmolarity has decreased.Antidiuretic hormone (ADH) is released from the pituitary gland.ADH signals the kidneys to excrete more water in the urine.The concentration of dissolved solutes in your blood has decreased.

Antidiuretic hormone (ADH) is released from the pituitary gland.

Negative feedback loops are common in maintaining homeostasis. Which statement is the best explanation of positive feedback loops? Positive feedback loops rapidly amplify the positive response to an input.Positive feedback loops are used to make the body feel good quickly.Positive feedback loops are used to decrease the response of effectors.Positive feedback loops are a way to bring the body back to a set point.Positive feedback loops often have harmful effects on the body.

Positive feedback loops rapidly amplify the positive response to an input.

Why is shivering an effective way to maintain homeostasis? Shivering decreases the blood flow to the skin to conserve heat.Shivering produces heat when the body temperature becomes too low.Shivering causes vasodilation to increase blood flow to the skin.Shivering causes vasoconstriction to decrease blood flow to the hypothalamus.Shivering causes animals to move into a warmer environment when temperatures become too low.

Shivering produces heat when the body temperature becomes too low.

Which statement best explains why a male bodybuilder with excess muscle mass would survive longer without food than an average male with normal muscle mass? The body builder would not survive longer than the average male.The body builder has more glucagon stored in his liver, which can be broken down for fuel.Excess muscle mass is associated with higher-than-normal levels of insulin production, which can be used for fuel.The body builder has more stored fat, which can be broken down for fuel.The body builder has more muscle in which to store glycogen, which can be broken down for fuel.

The body builder has more muscle in which to store glycogen, which can be broken down for fuel.

Which statement regarding organ systems is false? Organ systems work together with other organ systems in the body to maintain life.Organ systems work together to maintain a stable internal environment.Physiologists study how organ systems function.The digestive system includes the heart and the small intestine.The digestive system is made up of muscle, epithelial, connective, and nervous tissues.

The digestive system includes the heart and the small intestine.

Which statement best explains why the human body does not tolerate internal temperature changes very well? Internal temperature changes lead to external temperature changes, and humans cannot tolerate external temperature changes.The enzymes that catalyze the chemical reactions in our bodies function only within a very narrow temperature range.Our lungs cannot contract when the internal body temperature changes.The enzymes that catalyze the chemical reactions in our bodies require the temperatures to fluctuate continuously.Our lungs cannot expand when the internal body temperature changes.

The enzymes that catalyze the chemical reactions in our bodies function only within a very narrow temperature range.

Which statement regarding organ systems is false? The function of the integumentary system is to protect the body.The human body has two main organ systems.A dramatic change in one organ system can greatly affect other organ systems.Organ systems work together throughout the body to maintain homeostasis.The urinary system is important in regulating the fluid balance in the body.

The human body has two main organ systems.

The hypothalamus is part of a homeostatic feedback loop that plays an important role in maintaining homeostasis in the human body. Which phrase best describes a negative feedback loop? a loop whose sensors decrease the output of the systema loop whose circuit is incomplete.a loop whose circuit output negatively affects the bodya loop whose sensors decrease the amount of input into the systema loop whose circuit output brings the body back to a set point

a loop whose circuit output brings the body back to a set point

In addition to thermoregulation, the human body also works to maintain which of these set points? blood pH and energy levelblood glucose and blood clottingblood clotting and energy levelenergy level and blood pHblood glucose and blood pH

blood glucose and blood pH

Glucagon is released from the pancreas when _____. there is excess glucose in the bloodblood sugar drops too lowblood sugar reaches a peak after a mealthe pancreas cannot produce any more insulinblood pressure increases

blood sugar drops too low

The human body is organized in a hierarchy of components. Which list correctly places these components in order from simplest to most complex? tissues, cells, organs, organ systemsorgan systems, organs, tissues, cellstissues, cells, organs systems, organsorgans, tissues, cells, organ systemscells, tissues, organs, organ systems

cells, tissues, organs, organ systems

Hormones released from the pituitary gland act on many tissues throughout the body. Hormones travel to other tissues through the _____ system. respiratoryskeletalnervousdigestivecirculatory

circulatory

Receptors in the heart and blood vessels signal the hypothalamus when blood pressure becomes too high or too low. This is an example of which two organ systems working together? reproductive system and endocrine systemcirculatory system and endocrine systemlymphatic system and circulatory systemintegumentary system and endocrine systemrespiratory system and circulatory system

circulatory system and endocrine system

To maintain homeostasis, the human body constricts peripheral blood vessels in order to _____. decrease the amount of heat lost from the skin into the environmentconserve heat and decrease the amount of heat lost from the skin into the environmentconserve heatconserve heat and increase the amount of heat lost from the skin into the environmentincrease the amount of heat lost from the skin into the environment

conserve heat and decrease the amount of heat lost from the skin into the environment

While climbing Mt. Everest, climbers often experience vasoconstriction. Prolonged periods of vasoconstriction can lead to _____. death of affected tissue and frostbitedeath of the affected tissuedeath of affected tissue and increased circulation and swellingfrostbiteincreased circulation and swelling

death of affected tissue and frostbite

Which organ system includes the pituitary gland, thyroid, and adrenal glands? urinary systemendocrine systemreproductive systemcirculatory systemnervous system

endocrine system

Excess sugar that is not immediately used to fuel the body can be stored as _____ in the _____. glucagon; liverinsulin; liverglycogen; liverglycogen; pancreasinsulin; pancreas

glycogen; liver

Several hundred types of cells make up the tissues found in humans and animals. All of these are tissues found in humans and animals EXCEPT _____. tissues, cells, organs, organ systemsorgan systems, organs, tissues, cellstissues, cells, organs systems, organsorgans, tissues, cells, organ systemscells, tissues, organs, organ systems

hardened tissue

In order to maintain ideal internal conditions, the human body works to maintain _____. heat outputregular movementhomeostasismovementinsulation

homeostasis

Shivering is the human body's way of producing heat when the internal temperature falls below a set point. This is an attempt to maintain _____. thermopressurehomeotherapyhomeostasislung pressurenervous pressure

homeostasis

Vasodilation and vasoconstriction are the result of signals sent by what body structure? thyroidhearthypothyroidbrainhypothalamus

hypothalamus

Hikers on Mt. Everest often die when their body temperature drops too low. This condition is called _____. hypemiahyperthermiahypotemperaturehypothermiahypoxia

hypothermia

Which of these is NOT a known physiological side effect of climbing at high altitudes? physical and mental fatiguefrostbiteincreased red blood cell productionhypoxiaincreased barometric pressure

increased barometric pressure

The kidneys respond to a decrease in osmolarity by _____. increasing water excreted in the urineproducing antidiuretic hormone (ADH)increasing or decreasing water excreted in the urinedecreasing water excreted in the urinesignaling the hypothalamus to increase ADH secretion

increasing water excreted in the urine

Which organ system is incorrectly paired with its corresponding function? reproductive system: responsible for the development of offspringurinary system: regulates fluid balance and eliminates wastemuscular system: responsible for movement of body partsnervous system: senses and responds to informationlymphatic system: moves blood into tissues and around body

lymphatic system: moves blood into tissues and around body

Which animals can generate their own heat? marlins and brown batslizards and brown batsbrown batslizardsmarlins

marlins and brown bats

Insulin is a hormone produced in the pancreas. Insulin causes _____. the pancreas to produce glucagon and muscle and liver cells to produce glycogenmuscle and liver cells to remove sugar from the bloodmuscle and liver cells to produce glycogenmuscle and liver cells to remove sugar from the blood and produce glycogenthe pancreas to produce glucagon

muscle and liver cells to remove sugar from the blood and produce glycogen

Which organ system is responsible for sensing and responding to information from all over the body? respiratory systemintegumentary systemendocrine systemreproductive systemnervous system

nervous system

Vasoconstriction is to shivering as vasodilation is to _____. cryingsweatingvomitingfrostbitebreathing

sweating

The hypothalamus is NOT connected to _____. sensorsthe endocrine systemthe skeletal systemthe nervous systemeffectors

the skeletal system

The hypothalamus relies on _____ in the skin to signal internal and external changes in temperature. epireceptorstemperature gaugesthermoreceptorseffectorsepithelial sensors

thermoreceptors