Ch. 27 APUSH
The Senate Nye Committee hearings of the 1930's relied, in part, on what thesis to explain U.S. participation in WWI?
"Merchants of Death"
How many times was Franklin D. Roosevelt elected?
4 times.
Which Washington Conference treaty pledged to uphold the Open Door Policy?
9 Power Treaty.
World War II brought a mass migration of whom from farms in the South to cities in the North and West?
African Americans.
To get American war supplies across the Atlantic, who did Great Britain rely on to escort their supply convoys?
American navy.
During World War II, what were Germany, Italy, and Japan collectively known as?
Axis powers.
Which battle prevented the Japanese assault on Australia and stopped the Japanese advance in the Pacific?
Battle of C0ral Sea.
Which 2 of the following were important battles for the US in the European Theater of War?
Battle of the Bulge and Stalingrad.
In December 1941 after Pearl Harbor, why did the U.S. declare war on Germany?
Because Germany declared war on the U.S.
Who was the fascist dictator of Italy and what did fascists believe about their country and its citizens?
Benito Mussolini; Fascists followed extreme nationalism and militarism, and they organized the country in a hierarchical manner.
What happened because of Executive Order 9066?
Besei and Issei were interned in camps against their will.
What was Germany's use of tanks, armored columns, and dive bombers in close coordination known as?
Blitzkrieg.
During 1940-1941, how did President Roosevelt attempt to halt Japanese aggression in Asia?
By applying economic pressure on Japan through a trade embargo.
Who was the commander of the U.S. Pacific fleet during World War II?
Chester Nimitz.
In the 1930's, what group of American's support for pacifism was particularly strong?
College students.
Name the 2 turning points in the Pacific Theater of War.
Coral Sea and Midway.
Who was Franklin Roosevelt's Secretary of State and what is the Secretary of State's job?
Cordell Hull; responsible for foreign affairs.
After the defeat of France at the Maginot Line, where did over 100,000 British and French troops escape to where they were rescued by ships and small boats
Dunkirk.
What American general was chosen to command the Allied invasion of France?
Dwight D. Eisenhower.
During World War II, who was the United States' closest ally?
England.
What did the Lend-Lease Act of 1941 ensure in regard to access of American war supplies?
Ensured no money down, but loaned on credit.
After the capture of US soldiers in the Phillipines, what happened to these prisoners of war?
Forced on the Bataan Death March.
In Sept. of 1939, WW II started for which of the following reason?
Germany invaded Poland.
What policy promised Latin American countries a cooperative, rather than paternalistic, relationship with the United States?
Good Neighbor Policy.
Why was the American fleet at Pearl Harbor caught by surprise when Japan attacked?
Human miscalculations, mistakes, and radar inexperience.
In the 1930's, where did pacifists find a scapegoat?
In the munitions industry.
Name the strategy used by Admiral Chester Nimitz to defeat the Japanese in the Pacific Theater of War.
Island hopping.
What was the United States' strategy against Japan in the Pacific called?
Island hopping.
Why was the Battle of Midway a turning point in the Pacific Theater of War?
It decimated the Japanese navy.
Why was the Battle of Coral Sea a turning point in the Pacific Theater of War?
It stopped the advance of the Japanese to Australia.
During World War II, which group was placed in relocation camps in the United States?
Japanese-Americans.
On which 2 dates did D-Day and Pearl Harbor occur?
June 6, 1944 and December 7, 1941.
In order to assist the Allies immediately after World War II began, what did President Roosevelt give to the British?
Lend-Lease Agreement.
Was American policy, in regard to Latin America in the 1920's, more or less interventionist than it had been in the previous 2 decades?
Less interventionist.
In 1931, the illusion of peace was shattered by the Japanese invasion of what country?
Manchuria.
Who were the so-called "zoot-suit" riots in Los Angeles in 1943 targets?
Mexican-Americans.
What conference considered German's demands on the Sudetenland region of Czechoslovakia as appeasing to Hitler's aggression?
Munich Agreement/Conference.
Who was included in the Anti-Comintern pact completed in 1937?
Nazi Germany and Empire of Japan.
With the outbreak of war in Europe in 1939, what did President Roosevelt declare for America?
Neutrality.
In the 1920's, list 3rd world countries that the United States forces occupied?
Nicaragua, Philippines, Jamaica.
List 3 provisions of the Neutrality Act of 1935-1937?
No American could legally sail on a belligerent ship, sell or transport munitions to a belligerent, or make loans to a belligerent.
1 turning point in the European Theater of War occurred at El Alamein, where is El Alamein and where was the other turning point in the European Theater of War?
North Africa.
Where did United States troops first go into combat against German troops?
North Africa.
During the 1920's, how were U.S. Soviet relations characterized in regard to recognition and trade?
Relations were strained, but trade continued.
In October 1941, what U.S. destroyer did German U-boats sink?
Reuben James.
What 2 documents did the Clark Memorandum of 1930 repudiate?
Roosevelt Corollary and Monroe Doctrine.
List important victories by the US in the Pacific Theater of War.
Saipan, Okinawa, Iwo Jima, and Coral Sea.
During the war, what strained U.S. - Soviet relations?
Significant technological differences.
Compared with the American contribution to the defeat of German, whose contributions seemed significantly larger because of loss of life and economic destruction and devastation?
Soviet Union.
Where was the German invasion of the Soviet Union was turned back?
Stalingrad.
Where were the naval armaments of the major world powers significantly reduced?
The Washington Conference of 1921.
What did the supporters of the Kellogg-Briand Pact hope to initiate?
The process toward the outlawing of war.
How did Britain and France respond to initial German aggression in Austria and Czechoslavakia?
They allowed it to happen since they desired peace.
How did the United States respond to Japan's invasion of the country in Manchuria?
They did not take immediate military action.
What was President Truman's primary motive for using nuclear weapons against Japan?
To end the war quickly and to save Americans' lives.
Name all the attempts by countries of the world to eliminate any future wars after WW I.
Treaty of Versailles, League of Nations, Kellogg-Briand Pact, and Washington Naval Disarmament.
For much of the war, what did the Allies differ vigorously?
When and where to open the second front against Germany.
When was the weakness of the League of Nations revealed?
When they didn't make any response to the Italian invasion of Ethiopia.
Who was Great Britain's leader during World War II?
Winston Churchill.
What conference is regarded as a diplomatic victory for the Soviets?
Yalta.