Ch 31 hypertension

A client with high blood pressure is receiving an antihypertensive drug. When developing a client teaching plan to minimize orthostatic hypotension, which instruction should the nurse include?

"Flex your calf muscles, avoid alcohol, and change positions slowly."

Which client statement indicates a good understanding of the nutritional modifications needed to manage hypertension?

"Limiting my salt intake to 2 grams per day will improve my blood pressure."

A patient with hypertension is waking up several times a night to urinate. The nurse knows that what laboratory studies may indicate pathologic changes in the kidneys due to the hypertension? (Select all that apply.)

Creatinine Blood urea nitrogen (BUN)

A client has just been diagnosed with prehypertension. What would the nurse instruct this client to do to restore blood pressure below hypertensive levels?

Decrease sodium intake

A nurse is teaching about lifestyle modifications to a group of clients with known hypertension. Which statement would the nurse include in the education session?

Engage in aerobic activity at least 30 minutes/day most days of the week.

The nurse is creating a community teaching demonstration focusing on the cause of blood pressure. When completing the visual aid, which body structures represent the mechanism of blood pressure?

Heart and blood vessels

A nurse is educating about lifestyle modifications for a group of clients with newly diagnosed hypertension. While discussing dietary changes, which point would the nurse emphasize?

It takes 2 to 3 months for the taste buds to adapt to decreased salt intake.

An older adult client has newly diagnosed stage 2 hypertension. The health care provider has prescribed Chlorothiazide and Benazepril. What will the nurse monitor this client for?

Postural hypotension and resulting injury

A client is brought to the emergency department with reports of a bad headache and an increase in blood pressure. The blood pressure reading obtained by the nurse is 260/180 mm Hg. What is the therapeutic goal for reduction of the mean blood pressure?

Reduce the blood pressure by 20% to 25% within the first hour of treatment.

Which finding indicates that hypertension is progressing to target organ damage?

Retinal blood vessel damage

Which term describes high blood pressure from an identified cause, such as renal disease?

Secondary hypertension

Choose the statements that correctly match the hypertensive medication with its side effect. Select all that apply.

With thiazide diuretics, monitor serum potassium concentration. Direct vasodilators may cause headache and tachycardia.

The nurse understands that client education related to antihypertensive medication should include which of the following?

inform client to avoid over-the-counter cold and sinus medications

The nurse is caring for a patient with systolic blood pressure of 135 mm Hg. This finding would be classified as

prehypertension.

A nurse is teaching a client with newly diagnosed hypertension who asks if there is any harm in stopping antihypertensive medication. What is the nurse's best response?

"Rebound hypertension can occur."

A nurse is educating a client about monitoring blood pressure readings at home. What will the nurse be sure to emphasize?

"Sit quietly for 5 minutes prior to taking blood pressure."

An older adult client visits the clinic for a blood pressure check. The client's hypertension is not well controlled, and a new blood pressure medicine is prescribed. What is important for the nurse to teach this client about blood pressure medicine?

A possible adverse effect of blood pressure medicine is dizziness when you stand.

Which diagnostic method is recommended to determine whether left ventricular hypertrophy has occurred?

Echocardiography

The nurse is caring for an older adult client who has come to the clinic for a yearly physical. When assessing the client, the nurse notes the blood pressure (BP) is 140/93. The nurse knows that in older clients what happens that may elevate the systolic BP?

Loss of arterial elasticity

A client is admitted to the intensive care unit (ICU) with a diagnosis of hypertension emergency/crisis. The client's blood pressure (BP) is 200/130 mm Hg. The nurse is preparing to administer IV nitroprusside. Upon assessment, which finding requires immediate intervention by the nurse?

Numbness and weakness in the left arm

A client is taking amiloride and lisinopril for the treatment of hypertension. What laboratory studies should the nurse monitor while the client is taking these two medications together?

Potassium level

The nurse is instructing a client who is newly prescribed an antihypertensive medication. Which nursing instruction is emphasized to maintain client safety?

Sit on the edge of the chair and rise slowly.

A nurse is providing education about hypertension to a community group. What are possible consequences of untreated hypertension? Select all that apply.

Stroke Coronary artery disease Myocardial infarction

Nurses should implement measures to relieve emotional stress for clients with hypertension because the reduction of stress

decreases the production of neurotransmitters that constrict peripheral arterioles.

A client who is newly diagnosed with hypertension is going to be starting antihypertensive medicine. What is one of the main things the client and the client's spouse should watch for?

dizziness

A blood pressure (BP) of 140/90 mm Hg is considered to be

hypertension

It is appropriate for the nurse to recommend smoking cessation for clients with hypertension because nicotine

increases the heart rate, constricts arterioles, and reduces the heart's ability to eject blood.

The nurse is teaching a client about chronic untreated hypertension. What complication will the nurse explain to the client?

stroke

The nurse is seeing a client for the first time and has just checked the client's blood pressure. The nurse would consider the client prehypertensive if:

systolic BP is between 120 and 139 mm Hg.

A client is beginning medical management of recently diagnosed hypertension. The most important strategy in this client's treatment is reducing:

systolic pressure below 150 mmHg.