Ch. 41 AEMT Questions

Core body temperature in a patient suffering from heatstroke will usually be greater​ than: A. 104°F. B. 100°F. C. 107°F. D. 102°F.

104°F.

Typically, signs and symptoms of acute mountain sickness begin to manifest at elevations of​ _____________ meters or higher. A. ​4,000 B. ​2,000 C. ​3,000 D. ​1,000

2,000

​Typically, signs and symptoms of acute mountain sickness begin to manifest at elevations of​ _____________ meters or higher. A. ​3,000 B. ​1,000 C. ​2,000 D. ​4,000

2000

Heat loss occurs​ ____ times faster in water than in dry air. A. 40 B. 25 C. 30 D. 50

30

Severe hypothermia occurs when the core body temperature is less​ than: A. 95 degrees F. B. 90 degrees F. C. 80 degrees F. D. 85 degrees F.

90 degrees F.

Generalized hypothermia is a condition in which the core body temperature drops​ below: A. 80 degrees F. B. 85 degrees F. C. 90 degrees F. D. 95 degrees F.

95 degrees F.

A​ 38-year-old male patient has been mowing his lawn with a push mower on a day with temperatures in the high 80s​ (F) and humidity levels over 80 percent. The patient is found sitting in the driveway of his​ home, complaining of excruciating cramps in his calf muscles. He is alert with​ warm, wet​ skin; respirations of 20 breaths per​ minute; a​ strong, regular radial pulse of 84 beats per​ minute; and a blood pressure of​ 124/82 mmHg. After moving the patient to the back of the​ air-conditioned ambulance, which of the following is indicated in the treatment of this​ patient? A. Placement of cold packs in the axillae and groin and vigorous fanning of the patient B. An oral​ electrolyte-containing solution C. IV lactated​ Ringer's solution and IV of 25 g 50 percent dextrose D. IV access and nitrous oxide

An oral electrolyte-containing solution

Which of the following explains​ Boyle's law? A. As the pressure of a gas​ increases, its volume will proportionally decrease. B. As the water temperature​ decreases, inhaled and exhaled gases will contract. C. The greater the pressure on a​ diver's body, the more gases will dissolve in body fluids. D. The partial pressure of oxygen in air remains a constant 21​ percent, regardless of altitude.

As the pressure of a gas​ increases, its volume will proportionally decrease.

Which of the following patients has the BEST chance of surviving a​ drowning? A. An​ eight-year-old boy submerged in an icy pod pond for 40 minutes B. A​ 24-year-old female submerged in a murky pond for 15 minutes C. A​ 64-year-old female with a medical history of COPD submerged for five minutes in a swimming pool D. A​ 50-year-old male who is intoxicated submerged in an icy pond for 20 minutes

A​ 64-year-old female with a medical history of COPD submerged for five minutes in a swimming pool

You are caring for a​ deep-water diver​ who, upon surfacing 10 minutes​ ago, began complaining of severe pain in the​ ears, clear discharge from the nose and​ ears, dizziness, and tinnitus. What do you​ suspect? A. Decompression sickness B. Nitrogen narcosis C. Arterial gas embolism D. Barotrauma

Barotrauma

Which statement concerning drowning is​ TRUE? A. ​Cervical-spine injury is rare in drowning. B. The most common place of drowning for infants is in backyard pools. C. The first event that takes place in drowning is aspiration of large amounts of water into the lungs. D. Children aged one to five most frequently drown in​ lakes, rivers, and ponds.

Cervical-spine injury is rare in drowning

You respond to the city pool where a​ 16-year-old female was submerged for approximately five minutes after becoming unresponsive. Upon your​ arrival, the patient has been pulled from the water and resuscitative efforts have been started by the lifeguard. The patient has a weak but steady pulse and is taking spontaneous respirations. You note that she has a medical alert bracelet on that states she is a diabetic. What should you do​ next? A. Attach an AED and prepare to shock. B. Continue CPR and perform rescue breathing. C. Check the​ patient's blood glucose level and start an IV. D. Continue to perform rescue breathing only.

Check the​ patient's blood glucose level and start an IV.

A​ 32-year-old male is found unresponsive and apneic after being struck by lightning. Initial management of this patient will include which of the​ following? A. Determining the path of electrical current from the lightning strike B. Checking the pulse and initiating compressions if there is no pulse C. Gaining manual inline stabilization and placing the patient on a long backboard D. Managing any burns received from the lightning strike

Checking the pulse and initiating compressions if there is no pulse

What type of heat transfer occurs from the body to a cooler object by direct​ contact? A. Conduction B. Radiation C. Evaporation D. Convection

Conduction

You have extricated an injured patient from a vehicle on a​ cold, rainy, windy day. You lay the patient on a backboard that has been stored in an outside compartment of the vehicle and is cold to the touch. By which mechanism will the​ patient's heat loss increase because of using the cold​ backboard? A. Convection B. Radiation C. Conduction D. Evaporation

Conduction

What are the primary considerations in the assessment and management of a patient who has​ drowned? A. Correcting any threats to​ airway, breathing, and circulation B. Temperature of the water in which the patient drowned C. The age of the patient D. Management of spine injury

Correcting any threats to​ airway, breathing, and circulation

What are the primary considerations in the assessment and management of a patient who has​ drowned? A. Management of spine injury B. The age of the patient C. Temperature of the water in which the patient drowned D. Correcting any threats to​ airway, breathing, and circulation

Correcting any threats to​ airway, breathing, and circulation

You are on the scene of an MVC during a very cold windy day. What must you do to attempt to ensure that you do not become hypothermic while caring for your​ patient? A. Cover all exposed body parts. B. Drink plenty of warmed fluids. C. Take frequent breaks to warm up. D. Use heat packs to cover exposed areas.

Cover all exposed body parts.

Which of the following diving conditions is also called the bends​? A. Barotrauma B. Nitrogen narcosis C. Decompression sickness D. Arterial gas embolism

Decompression sickness

You have been assigned to an ambulance standby at a local festival during a heat wave. What should you do to avoid the risk of you or your partner experiencing a​ heat-related illness? A. Drink plenty of water to avoid dehydration. B. Ask for a reassignment. C. Continually check your core body temperature. D. Drink plenty of caffeinated sports drinks for energy.

Drink plenty of water to avoid dehydration.

Which factor has the greatest impact on the survivability of a​ drowning? A. Age of patient B. Duration of submersion C. Overall health of the patient D. Temperature of the water

Duration of submersion

Which of the following refers to medical conditions resulting from changes in​ pressure? A. barotrauma B. Thermolysis C. Nitrogen narcosis D. Dysbarism

Dysbarism

Which of the following is a necessary step for the Advanced EMT to prevent hyperthermia during heat​ waves? A. Staying indoors as much as possible B. Drinking oral electrolyte replacement fluids C. Taking sodium supplements prior to working outdoors D. Gradual acclimatization to the heat prior to physical exertion

Gradual acclimatization to the heat prior to physical exertion

Which law states that the solubility of a gas in a liquid at a particular temperature is proportional to the pressure of that gas above the​ liquid? A. ​Boyle's law B. ​Charles' law C. ​Henry's law D. ​Dalton's law

Henry's Law

The formation of nitrogen bubbles in the​ blood, brain, spinal​ cord, inner​ ear, skin,​ muscles, and joints during a​ diver's rapid ascent describes which​ law? A. ​Charles' law B. ​Boyle's law C. ​Dalton's law D. ​Henry's law

Henry's law

A hiker at high altitude​ (greater than​ 8,200 feet) begins to complain of shortness of​ breath, coughing with frothy​ sputum, and weakness. What illness do you​ suspect? A. Acute mountain sickness B. ​High-altitude cerebral edema C. Heart failure D. ​High-altitude pulmonary edema

High-altitude pulmonary edema

Which anatomical structure of the brain reacts to signals sent by thermoreceptors about core temperature by activating temperature regulatory​ mechanisms? A. Medulla oblongata B. Hypothalamus C. Pons D. Thalamus

Hypothalamus

How can submersion in cold water influence the likelihood of survival of a drowning​ patient? A. Hypothermia decreases oxygen demand in the body. B. Submersion in cold water instantly causes​ laryngospasm, resulting in air staying in the lungs. C. Hypothermia increases oxygen demand in the body. D. There is no chance of survival after submersion in cold water.

Hypothermia decreases oxygen demand in the body.

How can submersion in cold water influence the likelihood of survival of a drowning​ patient? A. Submersion in cold water instantly causes​ laryngospasm, resulting in air staying in the lungs. B. Hypothermia decreases oxygen demand in the body. C. Hypothermia increases oxygen demand in the body. D. There is no chance of survival after submersion in cold water.

Hypothermia decreases oxygen demand in the body.

You are called to a possible drowning at a residential pool. On arrival you find your patient still submerged in water. Bystanders tell you that he dove off of the diving​ board, and they think he hit his head on the bottom of the pool. What is the MOST important intervention you should perform at this​ time? A. Immediate initiation of rescue breathing B. Immediate​ cervical-spine immobilization C. Immediate removal from the pool D. Immediate initiation of CPR

Immediate removal from the pool

A​ 12-year-old boy has fallen into a frozen pond while playing on the ice that covered it. First responders on scene have pulled the boy from the water but state that he was submerged for approximately 30 minutes. Assessment reveals the patient is pulseless and not breathing. CPR is in progress. What should you do​ next? A. Begin active rewarming with warmed IV fluids and heat packs. B. Immediately transport while continuing all resuscitative efforts. C. Stop all resuscitative efforts due to the length of time the patient was submerged. D. Check the​ patient's core body temperature to guide in treatment.

Immediately transport while continuing all resuscitative efforts.

A​ 12-year-old boy has fallen into a frozen pond while playing on the ice that covered it. First responders on scene have pulled the boy from the water but state that he was submerged for approximately 30 minutes. Assessment reveals the patient is pulseless and not breathing. CPR is in progress. What should you do​ next? A. Check the​ patient's core body temperature to guide in treatment. B. Begin active rewarming with warmed IV fluids and heat packs. C. Immediately transport while continuing all resuscitative efforts. D. Stop all resuscitative efforts due to the length of time the patient was submerged.

Immediately transport while continuing all resuscitative efforts.

You're beginning to resuscitate a drowning patient who you suspect to be profoundly hypothermic. Which of the following aspects of resuscitation would you NOT​ consider? A. Infuse warm IV fluids . B. Use an advanced airway. C. Transfer the patient to a facility with cardiac bypass capabilities. D. Assess the carotid pulse for longer than 10 seconds.

Infuse warm IV fluids

Aspiration of a small amount of water following submersion in a liquid medium will cause what to​ occur? A. Laryngospasm B. Forceful coughing C. Reflex swallowing D. Bronchospasm

Laryngospasm

Which statement regarding the assessment and management of patients with lightning strike injury is​ TRUE? A. Lightning strike is more likely to produce​ apnea, with cardiac arrest being secondary to respiratory arrest. B. Burns are the most critical injury associated with lightning strike. C. Fixed and dilated pupils should be taken as a sign of death. D. The burns associated with lightning strike are generally​ deep, affecting the​ muscle, bone, and organs.

Lightning strike is more likely to produce​ apnea, with cardiac arrest being secondary to respiratory arrest.

The martini effect is a term often used to describe symptoms seen with which specific diving​ emergency? A. Nitrogen narcosis B. Arterial gas embolism C. Type I decompression sickness D. Barotrauma

Nitrogen narcosis

Which of the following diving conditions is also commonly called rapture of the deep​? A. Decompression sickness B. Nitrogen narcosis C. Arterial gas embolism D. Barotrauma

Nitrogen narcosis

A​ 24-year-old female has been successfully resuscitated after being submerged for over 5 minutes in a murky pond. During the resuscitation she apparently aspirated. Knowing​ this, you're concerned for which of the following​ conditions? A. Pneumonia B. Bronchodilation C. Asthma D. Anaphylaxis

Pneumonia

What could the aspiration of contaminated water cause in a drowning patient who has been​ resuscitated? A. Airway obstruction B. Respiratory acidosis C. Severe laryngospasm D. Pneumonia

Pneumonia

Which of the following should be performed on all hypothermic​ patients? A. Initiating active rewarming techniques B. Placing hot packs over the main arteries C. Prevention of further heat loss and exposure to wind or water D. Infusing warm fluids through an IV

Prevention of further heat loss and exposure to wind or water

For a drowning patient who is​ unresponsive, what type of physical examination should be​ performed? A. Focused exam B. ​Head-to-toe exam C. None D. Rapid trauma exam

Rapid trauma exam

For a drowning patient who is​ unresponsive, what type of physical examination should be​ performed? A. Rapid trauma exam B. None C. ​Head-to-toe exam D. Focused exam

Rapid trauma exam

A patient is found unresponsive on the sidewalk at about​ 10:00 am on a Sunday​ morning, with temperatures in the upper teens​ (F) and winds of 15 to 20 mph. The patient is wearing a denim jacket over a hooded​ sweatshirt, jeans, and boots. Respiration is​ minimal, and a​ faint, slow carotid pulse is present. As you lift him onto the stretcher to get him out of the​ cold, you notice that his muscles are rigid. In addition to managing the​ airway, assisting​ ventilation, and administering​ oxygen, which of the following is indicated in the prehospital management of this​ patient? A. Remove wet​ clothing, cover the patient with​ blankets, and keep the patient compartment warm. B. Warm packs to the​ neck, axillae, and​ groin; administer warmed IV fluids. C. Chest compressions and IV access. D. Start two IV lines and administer at least​ 1,000 mL of lactated​ Ringer's solution.

Remove wet​ clothing, cover the patient with​ blankets, and keep the patient compartment warm.

You are responding to a possible drowning at the local lake. While en​ route, dispatch confirms that the patient is still in the water. You have not had water rescue training. What should you​ do? A. Request additional water rescue resources. B. Request bystanders to swim out and assist you in rescuing the patient. C. Attempt to swim out and rescue the patient on your own. D. Request dispatch to send another unit with more qualified personnel instead.

Request additional water rescue resources.

What is cardiac arrest following lightning strike often caused​ by? A. Respiratory arrest B. Traumatic injury received after the lightning strike C. Rapid depolarization of myocardial cells D. Tachypnea

Respiratory arrest

Which of the following complaints or signs is associated with barotrauma of descent in SCUBA​ divers? A. ​Frothy, bloody sputum B. Severe pain in the ears C. Paralysis D. Pain in the joints

Severe pain in the ears

In relation to the five stages of​ hypothermia, a patient with apathy and decreased muscle function would be considered to be in which​ stage? A. Stage 3 B. Stage 1 C. Stage 4 D. Stage 2

Stage 2

How might a respiratory illness such as emphysema affect the chance of survival for a drowning patient submerged for a significant period of​ time? A. The chance of survival is increased because the patient has adapted to​ oxygen-starved conditions. B. The chance of survival is decreased because the patient will also likely have complications such as hypothermia. C. The chance of survival is roughly the same for any patient submerged for the same period of time. D. The chance of survival is decreased because the patient has a reduced tolerance for hypoxia.

The chance of survival is decreased because the patient has a reduced tolerance for hypoxia.

When responding to any type of heat or cold environmental​ emergency, what must the Advanced EMT always consider to avoid experiencing an environmental emergency​ himself? A. He must remove the patient from the environment immediately. B. The same environment that has caused the emergency for the patient can affect the Advanced EMT and his partner. C. He should not be exposed to the environment long enough to experience symptoms. D. Assessment and management of any patient must occur in a controlled environment.

The same environment that has caused the emergency for the patient can affect the Advanced EMT and his partner.

Which of the following explains​ Dalton's law? A. The solubility of a gas in a liquid at a particular temperature is proportional to the pressure of that gas above the liquid. B. The total pressure of a gaseous mixture is equal to the sum of the partial pressures of each of the individual gases in the mixture. C. The volume of gas is inversely proportional to its pressure. D. All gases will expand equally when heated.

The total pressure of a gaseous mixture is equal to the sum of the partial pressures of each of the individual gases in the mixture.

Which of the following is defined as​ "the difference between body and environmental​ temperatures"? A. Thermal gradient B. Conduction C. Thermolysis D. Thermogenesis

Thermal gradient

​Shivering, increasing heart​ rate, and increasing the metabolic rate of the body are examples of generation of heat through a process​ called: A. Thermoregulation. B. Thermogenesis. C. Thermal gradient. D. Thermolysis.

Thermogenesis.

Which process allows the body to adjust its internal or core body temperature to maintain a temperature within normal​ limits? A. Thermolysis B. Thermoregulation C. Thermal gradient D. Thermogenesis

Thermoregulation

Rapid ascent from a dive resulting in the accumulation of nitrogen bubbles in​ capillaries, causing itching or a burning sensation of the skin and a​ rash, is known​ as: A. air embolism. B. type I decompression illness. C. nitrogen narcosis. D. barotrauma.

Type I decompression illness

Which of the following diving injuries is caused by nitrogen bubble formation within the​ nervous, respiratory, and circulatory​ systems? A. Type II decompression sickness B. Arterial gas embolism C. Type I decompression sickness D. Nitrogen narcosis

Type II decompression sickness

Which of the following is NOT a provision the Advanced EMT can take to help reduce the onset of​ frostbite? A. Reduce the intake of caffeine or nicotine. B. Cover all exposed body parts. C. Ensure that shoes or boots are not too tight. D. Use active rewarming techniques.

Use active rewarming techniques.

Heatstroke results​ in: A. shivering to release heat. B. an abnormally high core temperature. C. vasoconstriction. D. thermogenesis.

an abnormally high core temperature.

You have been called to an outdoor recreation area for a hiker who was lost for several hours in temperatures of 10 to 15 degrees F before finding his way back. He complains of not being able to feel his​ ears, nose,​ fingers, or toes. All of these areas appear​ waxy-white and are hard to the touch. You are 20 minutes from an emergency department capable of handling all medical emergencies and all but the most critical trauma patients. Correct management of this patient includes all of the following​ EXCEPT: A. remove the​ patient's wet clothing and keep him warm. B. elevate the affected extremities. C. place dry gauze squares between the fingers and​ toes, and bandage the hands and feet loosely. D. apply indirect heat to the injured areas using warm​ packs; encourage the patient to drink the hot coffee offered by a bystander.

apply indirect heat to the injured areas using warm​ packs; encourage the patient to drink the hot coffee offered by a bystander.

You have been called to the banks of a river at a recreation​ area, where a​ 14-year-old boy became fatigued after getting caught in a current and struggling in an attempt to get back to the river bank. He submerged approximately 20 minutes ago for a period of 10​ minutes, and was brought ashore by a boater who witnessed the incident. CPR is in progress when you arrive. You confirm that the patient is pulseless and instruct responders to continue chest compressions. Your FIRST action should be​ to: A. attach the AED and analyze the heart rhythm. B. begin actively rewarming the patient. C. insert a supraglottic airway. D. immobilize the spine.

attach the AEB and analyze the heart rhythm

Which of the diving injuries typically occurs as the diver​ descends? A. Type II decompression sickness B. Type I decompression sickness C. Barotrauma D. Arterial gas embolism

barotrauma

In drowning​ patients, hypoxia,​ hypercapnia, and acidosis lead​ to: A. hypothermia. B. anxiety and exhaustion. C. hypoglycemia. D. cardiac arrest and organ injury.

cardiac arrest and organ injury.

During immersion in cold​ water, heat loss will MOST likely occur as a result​ of: A. conduction. B. evaporation. C. radiation. D. convection.

conduction.

Heat flowing from a surface of greater temperature to one of lesser temperature via direct contact BEST explains the concept​ of: A. radiation. B. conduction. C. convection. D. evaporation.

conduction.

When the wind is​ blowing, heat loss from the body is increased​ by: A. radiation. B. convection. C. conduction. D. respiration.

convection

Which of the following is a primary concern in the prehospital management of a drowning​ patient? A. Removing water from the lungs. B. Determining the core temperature. C. Correcting hypoxia. D. Differentiating between salt water and fresh water drowning.

correcting hypoxia

The primary treatment for​ high-altitude illnesses​ is: A. ​high-flow oxygen. B. diuretics. C. descent to a lower altitude. D. IV fluids.

descent to a lower altitude

When lightning strikes the victim first before making contact with any other​ object, this is​ a: A. side flash strike. B. direct strike. C. contact strike. D. ground current strike.

direct strike

You arrive to find a patient who is displaying an altered mental​ status; has​ hot, flushed, dry​ skin; and is tachycardic and hypotensive. This patient was found by coworkers in the​ factory's boiler room. Noting his condition and​ settings, you​ suspect: A. classic heatstroke. B. exertional heatstroke. C. heat exhaustion. D. heat cramps.

exertional heatstroke.

You are dispatched to a baseball field when a lightning strike had occurred. On arrival you discover four patients who are suffering the effects of the lightning strike. Witnesses state that the four individuals were standing close to one another when the lightning struck the ground several feet away from them. This type of strike is known as​ a: A. direct strike. B. ground current strike. C. contact strike. D. side flash strike.

ground current strike

If heat exhaustion is NOT​ treated, the patient is at risk​ for: A. respiratory distress. B. pulmonary edema. C. heat stroke. D. heat cramps.

heat stroke

A​ life-threatening condition that occurs when the​ body's thermoregulatory mechanisms cease to work as a result of exposure to a hot environment is known​ as: A. heatstroke. B. heat exhaustion. C. heat cramps. D. heat inhalation.

heatstroke

A​ life-threatening condition that occurs when the​ body's thermoregulatory mechanisms cease to work as a result of exposure to a hot environment is known​ as: A. heat cramps. B. heatstroke. C. heat exhaustion. D. heat inhalation.

heatstroke.

Associated factors in determining the rate of heat exchange in the environment​ include: A. percentage of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere. B. humidity and wind. C. ambient temperature of the body. D. carbon emissions from vehicles.

humidity and wind.

You find an elderly patient who is unconscious and appears in poor condition. The patient was last seen three days ago. The house is hot because the area has been experiencing a heat wave with temperatures in excess of 100 degrees for the past two weeks. The patient is​ hot, dry, and breathing deeply and rapidly. Pulses are present and are full and bounding. Your immediate attention should be directed​ to: A. insertion of a supraglottic airway. B. cooling the patient to induce shivering. C. gentle cooling to avoid hypothermia. D. immediate cooling to reduce body core temperature.

immediate cooling to reduce body core temperature.

With a core temperature of 28°C ​(82.4°​F) a patient will display all of the following signs or symptoms​ EXCEPT: A. decline in oxygen consumption and pulse. B. marked bradypnea. C. increased muscle rigidity. D. loss of consciousness.

increased muscle rigidity.

Soon after being placed in a cool​ environment, the body will respond​ by: A. inhibiting conduction through piloerection. B. inducing thermolysis to release heat. C. inducing thermogenesis to increase heat production. D. increasing ambient temperature to decrease the thermal gradient.

inducing thermogenesis to increase heat production.

The factor that has the greatest influence on the survival of a drowned patient​ is: A. whether the water is fresh water or salt water. B. length of submersion. C. cleanliness of water. D. water temperature.

length of submersion

When the core temperature is greater than that of the surrounding​ environment, the body​ will: A. increase the basal metabolic rate. B. elevate the core temperature​ (thermogenesis). C. utilize the thermal gradient to exchange heat from the atmosphere to the body. D. lose heat​ (thermolysis).

lose heat​ (thermolysis).

Heat cramps are BEST explained​ by: A. loss of electrolytes and water. B. abnormal vasoconstriction. C. hypokalemia. D. increased core body temperature.

loss of electrolytes and water

By which of the following mechanisms does the body increase heat production when thermoreceptors detect a decrease in​ temperature? A. Vasoconstriction B. Increased urination C. Increased respiration D. Muscular contraction

muscular contraction

Treatment of heat cramps should​ include: A. oral electrolytes such as​ non-caffeinated sports drinks. B. rapid infusion of cooled IV fluids. C. very cold water provided orally until the patient feels better. D. deep muscle massage.

oral electrolytes such as​ non-caffeinated sports drinks.

There are sensors throughout the surface of the skin known​ as: A. peripheral thermoreceptors. B. chemoreceptors. C. baroreceptors. D. central thermoreceptors.

peripheral thermoreceptors.

Heat-related injury may manifest itself as any of the following​ EXCEPT: A. heat cramps. B. heat stroke. C. heat exhaustion. D. perspiration.

perspiration.

A​ 25-year-old male construction worker who has been roofing in temperatures above 90 degrees F is confused and has very​ hot, wet skin. His vitals are​ respirations, 24 breaths per​ minute; weak radial pulse of 120 beats per​ minute; blood​ pressure, 88, systolic. by​ palpation; and SpO2​, 92 percent on room air. After placing the patient in the​ air-conditioned ambulance and applying oxygen by nonrebreather​ mask, your NEXT priority​ is: A. placing cold packs on the​ neck, axillae, and groin. B. misting the patient with a tepid mixture of water and rubbing alcohol and fanning him. C. starting two IV lines and administering at least​ 1,000 mL of lactated​ Ringer's solution. D. starting an IV of normal saline and administering 25 g of 50 percent dextrose.

placing cold packs on the​ neck, axillae, and groin.

Heat transfer from the body directly to the environment without physical contact is​ called: A. convection. B. radiation. C. evaporation. D. conduction.

radiation.

A​ 42-year-old construction worker faints while mixing cement. The patient presents warm and​ diaphoretic, with rapid and shallow respirations. He responds to verbal stimuli and complains of being extremely weak. Management should consist​ of: A. removing the patient from the hot environment. B. administering an IV of D5W. C. giving the patient salt tablets. D. encouraging the patient to drink iced tea.

removing the patient from the hot environment.

Burns from a lightning strike victims are​ characteristically: A. full thickness except in areas where conductive material was located. B. superficial and only seen in areas where conductive material was located. C. only​ two, one at the entry point and the other at the exit point. D. superficial in appearance except in areas where conductive material was located.

superficial in appearance except in areas where conductive material was located.

The general term to describe the process by which the body transfers heat to the environment is​ called: A. thermolysis. B. thermogenesis. C. radiation. D. thermoregulation.

thermolysis

The​ body's attempt at maintaining a core temperature is known​ as: A. compensation. B. thermoregulation. C. metabolism. D. aerobic metabolism.

thermoregulation.

Convection causes the body to lose heat​ by: A. transferring heat to moving air molecules. B. radiation of heat to the environment. C. direct contact with another surface. D. evaporation of moisture from the skin.

transferring heat to moving air molecules.

The management of an unresponsive patient who suffered from a ground current lightning strike could include any of the following​ EXCEPT: A. treatment of injuries to internal organs. B. treatment of burn injuries. C. treatment of spine injuries. D. treatment of musculoskeletal injuries.

treatment of injuries to internal organs

The primary mechanisms for thermolysis​ are: A. shivering and sweating. B. vasoconstriction and shivering. C. vasodilation and sweating. D. vasodilation and shivering.

vasodilation and sweating.

When air enters the body through the nose and mouth and travels through the airway into the​ lungs, it​ is: A. conducted as heat to the surrounding tissues. B. compressed and pressurized. C. cooled and dried. D. warmed and humidified.

warmed and humidified.

The patient with hypothermia should be​ transported: A. with gentle handling to prevent ventricular fibrillation from occurring. B. in Trendelenburg positioning. C. with the head and shoulders elevated to​ 45-degrees. D. rapidly to a Level III trauma facility.

with gentle handling to prevent ventricular fibrillation from occurring.

One liter of air at the surface of water will be compressed to 500 mL of air at 33 feet. At 66​ feet, it will be compressed to 333 mL. What gas law does this principle​ describe? A. ​Dalton's law B. ​Henry's law C. ​Boyle's law D. ​Charles' law

​Boyle's law

Which law states that the volume of gas is inversely proportional to its​ pressure? A. ​Henry's law B. ​Boyle's law C. ​Charles' law D. ​Dalton's law

​Boyle's law

Which of the following laws states that the volume of a gas is inversely proportional to its​ pressure? A. ​Henry's law B. ​Boyle's law C. ​Dalton's law D. ​Charles's law

​Boyle's law

Which law states that all gases will expand equally when​ heated? A. ​Charles' law B. ​Boyle's law C. ​Dalton's law D. ​Henry's law

​Charles' law

Which law supports the idea that gases expand equally as temperature​ increases? A. ​Henry's law B. ​Charles's law C. ​Boyle's law D. ​Dalton's law

​Charles's law

Which gas law can be compared to opening a soda can in which when​ opened, the pressure rapidly​ decreases, causing bubbles to​ form? A. ​Charles' law B. ​Boyle's law C. ​Henry's law D. ​Dalton's law

​Henry's law