ch. 42

The ability of body tissues to endure and adapt to continued or increased use of a substance, so that the drug user requires larger doses of the drug to produce the desired effect, is called: A. withdrawal symptoms. B. dependence. C. tolerance. D. substance abuse.

c

The nurse has gathered the following data on four different children. Which child will likely be further assessed and tested for autism spectrum disorder? B. an 18-month-old who enjoys spinning until she falls, then announces, "Me fall!" A. a 16-month-old who spends 30 minutes moving empty plastic bottles in and out of a container D. a 20-month-old who frequently walks on tiptoes and smiles at her caregiver when the caregiver looks at the child C. a 14-month-old whose reaction to his caregiver leaving him is to calmly repeat the statement, "Bye bye, Will. Bye bye, Will."

c

When weighing and measuring an adolescent whose ideal body weight is 105 pounds, the nurse would identify the child as obese if the child weighs which of the following? A. 116 pounds D. 131 pounds B. 121 pounds C. 126 pounds

c

The nurse is collecting data on an 18-month-old old child with a diagnosis of autism spectrum disorder (ASD). What clinical manifestation would likely have been noted in the child with this diagnosis? A. The child cries and runs to the door when the caregiver leaves the room. C. The child sits quietly in the caregiver's lap during the interview. B. The child smiles when the caregiver shows her a stuffed animal. D. The child does not make eye contact.

d

The nurse is collecting data on an adolescent who is brought to the emergency center by her caregivers, who suspect that she has been using substances. The adolescent states that she has not had anything to eat nor any sleep in several days, but that she is nauseated. The nurse observes that she is diaphoretic, clenching her teeth, and complaining of blurred vision. Which substance would this adolescent most likely have been using? A. cocaine C. hallucinogens D. ecstasy B. alcohol

d

A 16-year-old girl is being seen for a long-overdue checkup. Her caregiver has come with her. She is calm, pleasant, and in good spirits. The caregiver reports to the nurse that she is relieved because for the past 6 months the teenager has been lethargic, angry, and sad. The mother reports that since she got her driver's license two days earlier, her child's mood has changed dramatically. Rather than resist this appointment, the girl had simply smiled and said, "It won't matter much, but okay, I'll be ready in a minute." The nurse recognizes that the child's seeming well-being and drastic change in behavior should be further investigated to determine if the child: C. is experimenting with alcohol. A. is planning to commit suicide. B. has been smoking marijuana. D. is excited that she can drive now.

a

The nurse in the well-child clinic observes that a 5-year-old child in the waiting room is having trouble using a crayon to color. During the visit, the same child climbs off the table several times even after the nurse has asked him to stay on the table. Each time the nurse reminds him he says, "Oh, yeah," and happily climbs back up. The nurse suspects that the child has: C. failure to thrive. A. attention deficit hyperactive disorder (ADHD). B. autism spectrum disorder. D. an addicted caregiver.

a

The nurse is collecting data for a child diagnosed with nonorganic failure to thrive, and notes that the child voluntarily vomits after eating. This is referred to as: D. encopresis. A. rumination. B. tolerance. C. self-inflicted starvation.

a

The nurse is doing in-service training with nurses who will be working with children who have concerns with drugs and alcohol. In discussing this topic, one of the nurses says she has heard that there may be physical and psychological signs that occur when a drug is no longer being used. Which term best describes what the nurse is referring to? C. tolerance B. dependence A. withdrawal symptoms D. substance abuse

a

The nurse is working with a group caregivers of children who are diagnosed with autism. Which statement made by the parents shows an example of echolalia? D. "When reading her a story book about owls, her sister kept telling her that when owls made noises they sounded like an echo. She seemed to understand that animals sounded different from people." B. "When we were in a room with a high ceiling, she was so excited when she said hello and she heard her voice that she said it over and over." C. "She was at the park and the older kids were playing a game and she was staring at them as if she was wanted to try to copy what they were doing." A. "When she watches TV and hears a commercial, she repeats one word from the commercial but doesn't seem to understand what she is saying."

a

Adolescent athletes sometimes take megadoses of which of the following substances because they believe it will increase their athletic abilities? B. anabolic steroids A. amphetamines D. hallucinogens C. cocaine

b

The nurse is working with a group of caregivers of school-aged children diagnosed with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). Which statement would be most appropriate for the nurse to make to this group of caregivers? A. "These children study better with quiet background music such as the radio or a CD." C. "These children function best if given a set of instructions and then left to do the task." D. "A frequent change in routine will be helpful so the child does not get bored." B. "The medications your child is on may cause a decreased appetite."

b

The most common use disorder among children and adolescents is: C. alcohol. A. marijuana. D. ecstasy. B. oxycodone.

c

The nurse is observing a group of 2- and 3-year-olds in a play group. Which behavior noted in one of the children indicates to the nurse that the child may have autism spectrum disorder (ASD)? D. A child flips the light switch off and on until the caregiver asks her to stop and join the other children in playing. C. While the other children are eating a snack, the child walks around the room feeling the walls and ignores the caregiver who offers him a snack. B. A child playing in the kitchen area pretends to pour a glass of milk and repeats this over and over. A. After another child takes a toy, the child cries and stomps his feet.

c

The nurse is working with school-aged children who are having enuresis or encopresis. What will most likely be the first step in this child's treatment? D. The child will be given a strict daily schedule. B. The child will be taken to a therapist. A. The child will be given medications. C. The child will have a complete physical exam.

c

The nurse is caring for a 6-month-old infant diagnosed with nonorganic failure to thrive. Which of the following would the nurse most likely have noted with this child? C. The child smiles and laughs when the nurse picks up and holds the child. B. The child's weight and height are above average according to the growth charts. A. The child's mother is attentive, but the father appears uninterested in the child. D. The child plays and sleeps quietly for long periods of time without fussing.

d

The nurse is developing a plan of care for the child hospitalized with nonorganic failure to thrive (NFTT). The following nursing interventions would be included in this plan. Which nursing intervention would be the highest priority for this child? D. The nurse should teach and support the caregiver. A. The nurse should monitor fluid intake and urinary output. B. The nurse should monitor bowel elimination. C. The nurse should lubricate the skin to keep it moisturized and intact.

d

The nurse is discussing the use of alcohol with a group of adolescents. One of the teens says that she heard your fine motor control could be affected at low levels of alcohol. Another teen was correct in saying that most states consider a person under the influence of alcohol if the blood alcohol level is which of the following? B. 0.05 % A. 0.03 % D. 0.08 % C. 0.06 %

d

The nurse is doing a presentation on the diagnosis of bulimia to a group of pediatric nurses. Which clinical manifestation would the nurse teach this group to observe for in the adolescent with bulimia? D. hypokalemia C. soft hair on their backs and arms A. dry skin and brittle nails B. constipation

d

The nurse is working with a group of caregivers of adolescents who have abused substances. One of the caregivers states, "My son used to do great in school. However, since he started using drugs he has no motivation, he is never on time, and he makes the worst decisions, especially when he is driving." These behaviors indicate that this adolescent was likely using which substance? C. cocaine A. amphetamines D. marijuana B. anabolic steroids

d