Ch 46/47/49
Road crown is being discussed. Technician A adds slightly more negative caster on the left side to compensate. Technician B adds slightly more positive camber on the right side. Who is correct?
A only
Technician A says the shackle prevents fore and aft movement of a leaf spring. Technician B says most leaf springs are semi-elliptical. Who is correct?
B only
Unequal caster angles cause the vehicle to steer toward the side with greater caster.
False
Which of the statements about follower-type ball joints is NOT true?
Follower-type ball joints can rotate right and left, but cannot pivot up and down
Since 1968, all steering columns have a collapsible feature that allows the column to fold into itself upon impact.
True
Unequal SAI angles may cause ______.
brake pull bump steer torque steer
A cam bolt at the junction between the base of the strut assembly and the steering knuckle is used to adjust the ______.
camber
A weak spring will NOT cause _____.
premature ball joint failure
The coil springs of the vehicle ______.
support the weight of the vehicle respond to wheel jounce respond to wheel rebound
The difference of rear toe from the geometric centerline is called the _____ angle.
thrust
The only steering linkage parts used in a rack-and-pinion system are the _____.
tie rods
Which of the following angles has the greatest effect on tire wear?
toe
Power steering hoses must be able to withstand pressures up to _____ psi.
1,500
After a two wheel alignment, the steering wheel on the vehicle is not centered. Technician A recommends a four wheel alignment to determine whether the rear wheels are parallel to one another and perpendicular to a common centerline. Technician B says if the steering wheel is not centered after an alignment, it should be pulled off the column and correctly positioned. Who is correct?
A only
Ball joints are being discussed. Technician A says a load-carrying ball joint supports the car's weight and is generally found on the control arm that the spring rests on. Technician B says all ball joints require periodic lubrication. Who is correct?
A only
Steering dampers are being discussed. Technician A says a light film of fluid is permissible on the body of the damper near the shaft seal. Technician B says steering dampers can be repaired and refilled. Who is correct?
A only
Technician A says a vehicle may wander as a result of excessive negative caster. Technician B says positive caster will result from excessive toe-in. Who is correct?
A only
Technician A says caster is the first angle checked during a two wheel alignment. Technician B says all vehicles with strut suspension have caster adjustments. Who is correct?
A only
Technician A says cross caster is the difference between the left-side and right-side caster. Technician B says excessive negative caster can be corrected by moving the upper ball joint, or strut mount, forward. Who is correct?
A only
Technician A says if the distance between the leading edges of the front tires is less than the distance between the trailing edges, then there is toe-in. Technician B says front toe-in is adjusted by adding or removing shims between the upper control arms and the body/frame. Who is correct?
A only
Technician A says load-carrying ball joints may have a small amount of play in them. Technician B says follower ball joints should have some play in them. Who is correct?
A only
Technician A says periodic adjustment of the torsion bars is necessary to maintain the proper ride height. Technician B says torsion bars are interchangeable from side to side. Who is correct?
A only
Technician A says tilting the top of the wheel forward will result in a negative caster. Technician B says tilting the top of a wheel outward will result in negative camber. Who is correct?
A only
Technician A says torsion bars are used in pickup trucks and SUVs because they can be mounted low and out of the way of the driveline components. Technician B says one end of the bar is attached to the vehicle frame. The other end is attached to the steering knuckle. Who is correct?
A only
Technician A says worn tie-rod ends are the probable cause of a shimmy. Technician B says a shimmy could be caused by a loose power-steering belt. Who is correct?
A only
An incorrect turning radius angle is being discussed. Technician A says replacement shims can be used in many vehicles to correct the condition. Technician B says steering or suspension parts are damaged. Who is correct?
B only
Technician A repairs leaking power steering hoses by cutting out the leaking section and installing a length of double wall 3/8-inch steel tubing with hose clamps. Technician B replaces worn or damaged power steering hoses. Who is correct?
B only
Technician A says a typical car shock has more resistance during compression [jounce]. Technician B says mounting shock absorbers at an angle improves vehicle stability and dampens accelerating and braking torque. Who is correct?
B only
Technician A says if caster at both wheels is not equal, the vehicle will tend to drift toward the side with the most positive caster. Technician B says if camber is not the same on both wheels, the vehicle will pull toward the side with the most positive camber. Who is correct?
B only
Which of the following statements is NOT correct?
Bent suspension parts may be straightened to correct camber angles
____ is the angle represented by the tilt of a wheel inward or outward from the vertical as viewed from the front of the car.
Camber
____ is the angle of the steering axis of a wheel from the vertical, as viewed from the side of the vehicle.
Caster
All the following statements are correct EXCEPT:
Excessive toe-out settings cause the tires to wear on the outside edges
A sector shaft is used in most rack-and-pinion steering mechanisms.
False
Aftermarket kits are only used to adjust rear camber and rear toe.
False
All leaf springs are mounted to the vehicle lengthwise.
False
Check and adjust the front wheel angles before checking and adjusting the rear wheel angles when performing a four-wheel alignment.
False
Electronic rack-and-pinion systems use an electric motor to pump the hydraulic fluid through the hoses.
False
Incorrect caster angles cause tire wear problems.
False
Lower steering efforts are desirable at highway speeds in order to provide improved road fell.
False
Multileaf springs are fixed rate springs.
False
Parallelogram steering arrangements typically use a rack-and-pinion mechanism.
False
Proper alignment is possible if the vehicle ride height is incorrect.
False
The simplest way to remove a ball joint is by heating the control arm near the ball joint with an oxyacetylene torch, then driving the ball joint out using a hammer and brass drift.
False
_____ occurs when the wheel hits a dip or hole and moves downward.
Rebound
A centering pin is often used on a leaf spring to keep the axle properly located on the springs.
True
A vehicle set at the factory specification of 1/16 inch toe-in will have zero toe when driven at highway speeds.
True
Active suspension systems can eliminate body roll while cornering.
True
Adjustable air shocks can be manually filled.
True
During a four-wheel alignment, front toe is set to the vehicle's centerline.
True
Front wheel drive vehicles with strut suspension typically have no provision for adjusting caster.
True
Front wheel toe changes as a car goes around a corner.
True
Front-wheel-drive vehicles with strut suspensions typically have a higher SAI angle than rear-wheel-drive vehicles with short-long arm suspension.
True
Heavy items in the trunk or passenger compartment that are normally carried in the vehicle should not be removed during a four-wheel alignment.
True
Power steering fluid pressure can be measured with a scan tool.
True
SAI [steering axis inclination] helps the vehicle's steering system return to straight ahead after a turn.
True
Semi-independent suspensions are used on the rear of many front-wheel drive cars.
True
Some tie rod ends use a special bonded ball stud, in which no boot is used.
True
Springs are rubber mounted to reduce road shock and noise.
True
Springs carry the weight of the vehicle and absorb shock forces.
True
The faster a shock absorber moves, the more resistance it has to the movement.
True
The motion of compression and extension, in a shock absorber, is converted into heat energy and dissipated into the atmosphere.
True
Tire wear patterns are good indicators of steering and suspension problems.
True
Torsion bars are directional and are marked either right or left to identify on which side it is to be used.
True
Unusual tire wear patterns can be caused by worn shock absorbers.
True
Variable rate springs handle a load of up to 30 percent over standard rate springs in some applications.
True
Which of the following will NOT cause steering wandering?
a faulty power-steering pump
On a parallelogram-type steering linkage, the _____ joins the inner and outer tie-rod ends.
adjusting sleeve
Which of the following is NOT a method for adjusting caster or camber?
adjusting sleeves
A typical SLA suspension system has ______.
an upper short arm and a lower long arm
Which of the following is NOT a probable cause of wheel shimmy?
binding steering column U-joints
After installing a new control arm bushing, the control arm end cap nuts or bolts should not be torqued until the vehicle _____.
both "is at its curb height" and "has been bounced and allowed to settle out"
What controls the up-and-down movement of a vehicle as it moves down a bumpy road?
both "struts" and "shock absorbers"
A vehicle that has excessive setback on the right front is being diagnosed. Technician A says the problem could be caused by a bent lower control arm. Technician B says the problem could be caused by a misaligned front cradle. Who is correct?
both A and B
Active steering systems are being discussed. Technician A says active steering improves vehicle stability by turning the wheels more or less sharply than commanded by the steering wheel. Technician B says the system allows for a variable steering ratio dependent on vehicle speed. Who is correct?
both A and B
Before adjusting toe on a rack-and-pinion system, Technician A loosens the small outer bellows clamp. Technician B installs a steering wheel holder between the steering wheel and the driver's seat. Who is correct?
both A and B
Coil spring designs and ratings are being discussed. Technician A says coil springs may have a linear rate. Technician B says coil springs may have a variable rate. Who is correct?
both A and B
Four-wheel alignment concepts are being discussed. Technician A says the wheels are adjusted to be parallel to one another. Technician B says the wheels are adjusted to be perpendicular to a common centerline. Who is correct?
both A and B
Technician A replaces coil springs in pairs. Technician B marks the coil springs for position and orientation when removing coil springs that will be reused. Who is correct?
both A and B
Technician A says a special puller is often required to separate a tie-rod end from the steering knuckle. Technician B says a special puller is required to separate the pitman arm from the pitman shaft. Who is correct?
both A and B
Technician A says a weak suspension spring can affect the wheel alignment. Technician B says a weak suspension spring can cause poor braking. Who is correct?
both A and B
Technician A says an electronically controlled power steering system provides power assistance when the engine stalls. Technician B says an electronic rack eliminates the hydraulic pump and hoses. Who is correct?
both A and B
Technician A says cars that use unibody construction are lighter than body-on-frame vehicles of comparable size. Technician B says in body-over-frame construction, all major parts of the vehicle are attached to the frame. Who is correct?
both A and B
Technician A says most late model vehicles have a power-steering pressure sensor that can be monitored with a scan tool. Technician B says if the system does not have a power steering pressure sensor, you must diagnose the system by connecting a power-steering pressure gauge to the pump outlet. Who is correct?
both A and B
Technician A says some tie-rod ends use a special bonded ball stud, in which no boot is used. Technician B says when checking tie-rod ends, any vertical movement of the tie-rod over 1/8 inch (3 mm) indicates that replacement is necessary. Who is correct?
both A and B
Technician A says the parallelogram-type of steering linkage is mounted ahead of the front suspension. Technician B says the parallelogram-type of steering linkage is mounted behind the front suspension. Who is correct?
both A and B
Technician A says the presence of an excessive thrust angle can cause poor directional stability on ice, snow, or wet pavement. Technician B says an excessive thrust angle can increase tire wear. Who is correct?
both A and B
If the center link, idler arm, or pitman arm is NOT mounted at the correct height, toe is unstable and a condition known as _____ is produced.
bump steer
Which of the following is NOT part of a parallelogram-type steering linkage?
control arm
Radial and axial in the ball joints is checked using a _____.
dial indicator
The ball joint on a conventional MacPherson strut system is a _____-type ball joint.
follower
Hard steering could be caused by ______.
inadequately inflated tires a loose power steering belt restricted power-steering lines or hoses
The outside edge of the right front tire is worn, but the center and inside edge are almost new. The wear on the outside surface is smooth and not scalloped, feathered, or sawtoothed. The left-side tire shows no sign of wear. What could be the problem?
incorrect camber
Wear and looseness in a parallelogram-type steering linkage permits intermittent changes in the toe setting of the front wheels, which can lead to ________.
increased tire wear
An oil leak at the bellows of a rack and pinion could be caused by ______.
inner rack seal outer rack seal pinion seal
A vehicle is being aligned that has too much positive camber and too little positive caster on the left front wheel. The vehicle has an adjustable strut mount that allows for both caster and camber adjustment. In what direction should the mount be moved?
inward and rearward
Rack-and-pinion steering ______.
is lighter in weight and has fewer components than parallelogram steering
Torsion bar suspension is usually found on ______.
light pickup trucks and SUVs
Which of the following would NOT cause excessive play in the steering wheel?
loose power steering belt
The sway bar link connects the sway bar to the ______.
lower control arm
The idler arm should be checked ______.
on an alignment rack
When checking the front ball joints on a vehicle that has the springs mounted on the lower control arms, a jack should be placed under the _____ to take the spring tension off the ball joint.
outboard end of the lower control arm
In what direction must the top of a tire and wheel assembly be moved to add more positive camber?
outward
What component connects the steering gearbox to the steering linkage?
pitman arm
Which of the following is NOT part of a rack-and-pinion steering system?
pitman arm idler arm center link
When both front wheels go into jounce, the stabilizer bar _____.
pivots in its bushings, but does not transfer any force
Which of the following is not a problem caused by excessive positive caster?
poor steering return
In a hydroboost system, pressurized power steering fluid is used for both the power steering system and the ______.
power brake booster
A coil spring that is cylindrical in overall shape and has closely spaced coils at one end and widely space coils at the other end is called a _____ spring.
progressive rate
What occurs when a wheel hits a dip or hole and moves downward?
rebound
The main job of the idler arm is to support the _____.
right side of the center link
Ball joints are mounted to the control arms by ______.
rivets and bolts press fit being threaded into the control arm
Worn tie-rod ends can result in ______.
scalloped and scuffed tires tire squeal on turns wheel shimmy
Nearly all late model vehicles use a single _____ to drive the power steering pump and all other belt-driven components.
serpentine belt
When the right front wheel is turned 20 degrees to the left the left front wheel moves only 18 degrees. What could be the problem?
steering arm
In what type of leaf spring is the center of the spring mounted to the vehicle's chassis and the outer ends fastened to the ends of the axle housing or wheel spindles?
transverse
All the following angles are adjustable during wheel alignment EXCEPT:
turning radius
Which of the following statements is NOT correct?
unequal side-to-side SAI will not cause a pull while driving
Which of the following is not part of an upper strut [MacPherson] mount?
upper ball joint
The primary sensor input used by an electronically controlled power steering system is the ______.
vehicle speed sensor [VSS]
Which of the following tire wear patterns will result from excessive negative camber?
wear along the inside edge of the tread
While checking out the front end of a vehicle, the technician grabs the driver's side tire and steers the wheels manually left and right. While he does this, he notices that the center link moves up and down. What component is most likely at fault?
worn idler arm
A technician is checking a car for loose and erratic steering. When an assistant moves the steering wheel left and right, he notices the entire steering rack moving back and forth about one-half inch. He checks the tightness of the rack mounting bolts and finds that they are torqued to specifications. What could be the problem?
worn rack mount bushings
A technician is checking a suspension complaint. He depresses the front bumper a few inches by hand then releases it. When the front bumper is released, it oscillates up and down about three times before coming to rest. What could be the problem?
worn shock absorbers