Ch 5 - Project Scope Management

During which approach do team members first identify as many specific tasks related to the project as possible and then aggregate the specific tasks and organize them into summary activities, or higher levels in the WBS? a. analogy b. bottom-up c. top-down d. mind mapping

b. bottom-up

*Which output documents how project needs will be analyzed, documented, and managed?* a. requirements traceability matrix b. requirements management plan c. WBS d. project scope statement

b. requirements management plan

Which document should list and describe all of the deliverables required for the project? a. project charter b. scope statement c. WBS d. Gantt chart

b. scope statement

*What is the main technique used in creating a WBS, which involves subdividing project deliverables into smaller pieces?* a. conglomeration b. accumulation c. decomposition d. catalyzation

c. decomposition

Which term describes a product produced as part of a project? a. variance b. scope c. deliverable d. work package

c. deliverable

Which approach for constructing a WBS involves refining the work into greater and greater levels of detail? a. analogy b. bottom-up c. top-down d. mind mapping

c. top-down

Which approach for constructing a WBS starts with the largest items of the project and breaks them into subordinate items? a. analogy b. bottom-up c. top-down d. mind mapping

c. top-down

List the 6 main processes involved in project scope management

1. Planning scope management 2. Collecting requirements 3. Defining scope 4. Creating the WBS 5. Validating scope 6. Controlling scope

List the 5 approaches for creating work breakdown structures

1. Using Guidelines 2. The Analogy Approach 3. The Top-down Approach 4. Bottom-up Approach 5. Mind Mapping

Which term refers to the difference between planned and actual performance? a. Decomposition b. Variance c. Scope validation d. Scope creep

b. Variance

*Given the project management software that is available, it is relatively easy to create a good WBS.*

False

*The executing tasks of the WBS remain constant from project to project.*

False

A work package must always represent less than 80 hours of work.

False

A work package represents one component of the product that the project aims to deliver.

False

Deliverables are only product-related, such as a piece of hardware or software.

False

Project scope statements must include the project boundaries, constraints, and assumptions.

False

The format of the WBS dictionary is essentially the same for all projects.

False

The project's size, complexity, importance, and other factors do not affect how much effort is spent on collecting requirements for scope planning.

False

The scope baseline in a WBS consists of the requirements documentation and enterprise environmental factors.

False

The scope of a project is clear and specific from the start.

False

The tasks in a WBS must be developed as a sequential list of steps.

False

*A unit of work should appear at only one place in the WBS.*

True

*Information from the project charter provides a basis for further defining the project scope.*

True

*Project scope management includes the processes involved in defining and controlling what is or is not included in a project.*

True

*Scope creep if not managed well can lead to the failure of information technology projects.*

True

*Scope refers to all the work involved in creating the products of the project and the processes used to create them.*

True

*The main purpose of the WBS is to define all of the work required to complete a project.*

True

*The project management plan, project documents, enterprise environmental factors, and organizational process assets are the primary inputs for creating a WBS.*

True

Many information technology projects also require detailed functional and design specifications for developing software, which also should be referenced in the detailed scope statement.

True

Many organizations provide different guidelines and templates for developing WBSs.

True

Mind mapping allows people to write and even draw pictures of ideas in a nonlinear format.

True

The project scope statement should reference supporting documents, such as product specifications that will affect what products are produced or purchased, or corporate policies, which might affect how products or services are produced.

True

The scope management plan can be informal and broad or formal and detailed, based on the needs of the project.

True

*Which process uses highly organized and intensive workshops to bring together project stakeholders—the sponsor, users, business analysts, programmers, and so on—to jointly define and design information systems?* a. Prototyping b. JAD c. RAD d. Use case modeling

b. JAD

Which action involves defining and documenting the features and functions of the products produced during the project as well as the processes used for creating them? a. Collecting requirements b. Defining scope c. Controlling scope d. Validating scope

a. Collecting requirements

Which process involves developing a working replica of the system or some aspect of the system? a. Prototyping b. Variance c. Decomposition d. Use case modeling

a. Prototyping

*What process involves formal acceptance of the completed project scope by the stakeholders?* a. Scope validation b. Scope planning c. Scope control d. Scope baseline

a. Scope validation

Creating the WBS is a subprocess associated with which process in project scope management? a. planning b. monitoring and controlling c. closing d. executing

a. planning

*What is a table that lists requirements, their various attributes, and the status of the requirements to ensure that all are addressed referred to as?* a. requirements traceability matrix b. Gantt chart c. state transition table d. entity-attribute-value model

a. requirements traceability matrix

What is scope creep? a. the tendency for project scope to keep getting bigger and bigger b. subdividing project deliverables into smaller pieces c. the approved project scope statement and its associated WBS. d. a task at the lowest level of the WBS

a. the tendency for project scope to keep getting bigger and bigger

Which is recommended for the creation of a good WBS? a. Any WBS item should be the responsibility of all the people working on it. b. A unit of work should appear at only one place in the WBS. c. Each WBS item should be created assuming that the requirements are inflexible. d. The work content of a WBS item is independent of the WBS items below it.

b. A unit of work should appear at only one place in the WBS.

*Which action involves reviewing the project charter, requirements documents, and organizational process assets to create a scope statement, adding more information as requirements are developed and change requests are approved?* a. Creating scope b. Defining scope c. Controlling scope d. Validating scope

b. Defining scope

Which process involves identifying and modeling business events, who initiated them, and how the system should respond to them? a. Prototyping b. JAD c. RAD d. Use case modeling

d. Use case modeling

Which action involves normalizing acceptance of the project deliverables and during this phase the key project stakeholders, such as the customer and sponsor for the project, inspect and then formally accept the deliverables? a. Creating scope b. Defining scope c. Controlling scope d. Validating scope

d. Validating scope

*Which approach for constructing a WBS uses a similar project's WBS as a starting point?* a. top-down b. bottom-up c. mind-mapping d. analogy

d. analogy

Which technique is used for creating a WBS uses branches radiating from a core idea to structure thoughts and ideas instead of writing down tasks in a list or immediately trying to create a structure for tasks? a. analogy b. bottom-up c. top-down d. mind mapping

d. mind mapping

Which document contains a deliverable-oriented grouping of the work involved in a project that defines the total scope of the project? a. project charter b. business case c. project scope statement d. work breakdown structure

d. work breakdown structure

Which statement best describes scope? a. each level of work that is outlined in a work breakdown structure b. end product created as part of a project that is delivered to the client c. tasks that are decomposed into smaller tasks in a work breakdown structure d. work involved in creating the products and the processes used to create them

d. work involved in creating the products and the processes used to create them

Which task is at the lowest level of the WBS? a. variance b. objective c. deliverable d. work package

d. work package

Which process involves generating ideas by comparing specific project practices or product characteristics to those of other projects or products inside or outside the performing organization? a. variance b. benchmarking c. prototyping d. decomposition

b. benchmarking

Mind mapping can be used for developing WBSs using which approach? a. analogy approach only b. bottom-up or analogy approach c. top-down or bottom-up approach d. any approach

c. top-down or bottom-up approach