Ch. 6 Bone Tissue

Where in the diagram is hyaline cartilage located? Select all that apply. - D - C - E - A - B

- E - A

Which of the following important body functions is calcium involved? Select all that apply. - being the primary cation that regulates osmotic balance in cells. - acting as a cofactor in some enzymatic reactions - muscle cell stability - blood clotting - nervous cell stability

- acting as a cofactor in some enzymatic reactions - muscle cell stability - blood clotting - nervous cell stability

Which of the following are functions of the skeletal system? - blood cell production - protection - assistance in movement - communication - support - vitamin d production - mineral homeostasis - thermoregulation - triglyceride storage - osmotic balance

- blood cell production - protection - assistance in movement - support - mineral homeostasis - triglyceride storage

Which statements describe bone remodeling. - it occurs at different rates at different locations - osteoclasts and osteoblasts will be working on the same tunnel simultaneously. - it involves bone resorption - it occurs at a faster rate in compact bone than spongy bone - osteoclasts place calcium and phosphorous directly into the bloodstream - it occurs throughout your lifetime - it involves bone deposition

- it occurs at different rates at different location - it involves bone resorption - it occurs throughout your lifetime - it involves bone deposition

Which of the labeled structures in the diagram are fragments of older osteons that have been partially destroyed during bone rebuilding or growth?

A

Where in the diagram does the secondary ossification center form?

A (the very top part)

Which of the following labeled structures in the diagram is a site of red blood cell production in adult bones?

A (the very top part)

What type of bone cell secretes hydroxyapatite and collagen fibers?

B (looks like an olive)

Which labeled structures in the figure are lamellae?

B (the pinkish sections)

What area in the diagram would the primary ossification center be formed?

C (center)

Which bone cell in the diagram below transports nutrients and wastes through tiny canals radiating from the lacunae?

C (has little branches stretching outward)

Which labeled structures in the figure are canaliculi?

C (the little lines)

Which bone cell in the diagram below is an osteoclast?

D (looks like a pile of sand)

Which labeled structure in the figure was once an osteoprogenitor cell?

E (the little things sticking out of the purple blob)

During a fracture repair, what area will have mesenchymal cells that differentiate into fibroblasts, chondroblasts and osteoblasts?

E (thin layer that looks like paper)

In the diagram, in what areas are osteoprogenitor cells located? Select all that apply.

E F (blue tubes)

Which illustration and radiograph in the figure shows a Pott's figure?

E. Pott's fracture occurs in the fibula (near ankle)

In the diagram, what area allows communication from the outermost region to the innermost region of bone?

F (the shaded brown part around the blue and red wires)

Which of the labeled structures in the diagram are composed of trabeculae, which are bony structures that lack osteons?

G (shapes on the left that look like bones)

Which type of fracture is considered a partial fracture and is only seen in children?

Greenstick

Why would running and jumping have a larger effect on bone health than walking? - Osteoblasts are more active and osteoclast maintain normal activity when there is mechanical stress placed on bones. - Running and jumping will prevent demineralization over time. - Mechanical stress does not have an influence on osteoblast and osteoclast activity. - Osteoblasts are less active and osteoclast are more active when there is mechanical stress placed on bones.

Osteoblasts are more active and osteoclast maintain normal activity when there is mechanical stress placed on bones.

This cell is active once the matrix of bone calcifies. The cell sits in a lacunae. - osteoblasts - chondroblasts - osteoprogenitor cells - osteocytes - osteoclasts

Osteocytes

In endochondral ossification, what is the original source of osteoblasts? - ectoderm - osteoprogenitor cells - mesenchyme - mucus connective tissue - endoderm

Osteoprogenitor cells

Why do greenstick fractures commonly occur in children? - their bones contain higher amounts of collagen - their bones contain higher amounts of hydroxyapatite - their bones are still composed of hyaline cartilage - their bones are still composed of mesenchymal tissue.

Their bones contain higher amounts of collagen.

The _____ is composed of hyaline cartilage and reduces friction between bones involved in a joint. - articular cartilage - epiphyseal line - periosteum - epiphyseal plate - distal epiphysis

articular cartilage

The _____ is composed of hyaline cartilage and allows the diaphysis to grow in length. - periosteum - articular cartilage - epiphyseal plate - epiphyseal line - distal epiphysis

epiphyseal plate

Which of the following is the correct sequence of steps in the repair of a bone fracture? - fracture hematoma, fibrocartilaginous callus formation, bony callus formation, bone remodeling - bone remodeling, fracture hematoma, fibrocartilaginous callus formation, bony callus formation - fibrocartilaginous callus formation, bony callus formation, fracture hematoma, bone remodeling - bony callus formation, fracture hematoma, fibrocartilaginous callus formation, bone remodeling - fracture hematoma, bony callus formation, fibrocartilaginous callus formation, bone remodeling

fracture hematoma, fibrocartilaginous callus formation, bony callus formation, bone remodeling

If bone is analogous to a bank, calcium is analogous to _________.

money

Which of the following selections correctly lists the sequences of events that occur during intramembranous ossification? - Calcification > Ossification center develops > Formation of trabeculae > Development of new periosteum. - Ossification center develops > Calcification > Formation of trabeculae > Development of new periosteum. - Ossification center develops > Calcification > Development of new periosteum > Formation of trabeculae. - Development of new periosteum > Ossification center develops > Calcification > Formation of trabeculae. - Ossification center develops > Formation of trabeculae > Calcification > Development of new periosteum.

ossification center develops > calcification > formation of trabeculae > development of new periosteum

Cells active when cartilage needs to be removed so new bone can be produced. - osteocytes - osteoprogenitor cells - osteoclasts - osteoblasts - chondroblasts

osteoclasts

Which of the following hormones are more important post-puberty for bone growth? - insulin like growth factors - sex hormones - insulin - human growth hormone - thyroid hormones

sex hormones