Ch 7 and 14

The smaller objects in the solar system made of rock and metal (most of which orbit between Jupiter and Mars) are called

Asteroids

Which of the following is not a terrestrial planet? Mars Earth Jupiter Venus Mercury

Jupiter

A type of planet that our surveys of exoplanets are revealing around other stars, but we don't have any examples of around the Suns are

Super-Earth's

When a chunk of cosmic material the size of a golf ball or a baseball hits the Earth's atmosphere it makes a

a fireball

Which of the following places is most likely NOT to be differentiated? a small asteroids Earth Jupiter Venus, because it so hot Ganymede, the largest satellite in the solar system

a small asteroids

The typically meteor is

a small solid particle, no bigger than peas

Radioactive dating techniques have revealed that our Earth and Moon are approximately how old?

about 4.5 billion years

When chemists say that a planet's upper region are reduced ,they mean that these regions

are dominated by the element hydrogen and its compounds

The smaller objects in the solar system composed mainly of ices (frozen gases )that usually orbit from the sun are called:

comets

In radioactive dating, the measure scientist use to note how long (on average) a particular radioactive nucleuses will take to decay is called its

half-life

If you were to take a large sample of the four giant planets, the most common element you would find in them is:

hydrogen

The inner planets are made mostly of rock and meatal because:

it was so hot where the inner planets formed that the lighter materials evaporated

The first technique that allowed astronomers to find exoplanet involved:

measuring changes in the radial velocity (Doppler shift) of the star caused by the pull of orbiting planets

The rate at which a collection of the same radioactive atoms will decay depends on:

only on internal processes within the atoms; nothing external matters

Today, the chemistry of the terrestrial planets does not include a lot of free hydrogen. Chemists call the chemistry in places like Earth

oxidized

The a material that would eventually make all major bodies in our solar system first gathered together as smaller pieces which astronomers call:

planetesimals

How do astronomers know that the age of the solar system is about 4.5 billion years old?

radioactive dating of the primitive meteorites indicates they have that age (since they are leftover building blocks of the solar system)

Which of the following pieces of observational evidence does modern "solar nebula" theory of the formation of the solar system NOT explain directly?

the plane of the orbit of Pluto

Among solid worlds, which type of the world is most likely to have significant geological activity?

those that are the largest (and retain heat the best)

What is the most important reason that astronomers have learned about our planetary system in the last 30-40 years that all of history before then

we have been able to send spacecraft to gather information about planets and moons up close