ch 7 and 8

Drugs that induce sleep and are often in anesthesia are called

barbiturates

Drugs affect the central nervous system by

blocking the production or forcing the continued release of neurotransmitters

Of all the gases released by tobacco smoke, the most harmful to smokers is

carbon monoxide

Designer drugs are

chemically and psychoactively similar to controlled substances, but different enough to escape legal restrictions

Chronic obstructive lung disease is a combination of

chronic bronchitis and pulmonary emphysema

A regular smoker in her forties has just been told by her doctor that she has chronic bronchitis

could recover completely

Following the 1964 Surgeon General's report about smoking, the percentage of people smoking in the United States

declined until the early 1990s

As education level increases, the rate ion smoking

decreases

tranquilizers and barbiturates fit into which drug category

depressants

A so-called chipper is a smoker who

does not develop a physical dependence on cigarettes

A lifetime, two-pack-a-day, the smoking habit will shorten one's life by

seven to eight years

the effects of LSD last about

six to nine hours

cocaine, caffeine, and amphetamines are all

stimulants

Which of the following BEST describes the effect of nicotine on the central nervous system? it

stimulates the central nervous system at low levels and depresses it at higher levels

One of the major theories about nicotine produces a pleasant effect in the human body is that it

stimulates the release of natural painkillers from the endocrine system

One of the common effects of marijuana use is

Reduced attention span

a potentiated effect is

when the use of one drug intensifies the effect of a second drug

The strength of marijuana's hallucinogenic effects is determined by the amount of _____ it contains

THC

Which of the following is one way in which problem drinking differs from alcoholism?

The problem drinker does not drink to maintain normal body function

Which of the following BEST summarizes how smoking causes lung cancer to develop?

The smoke first overcomes the natural cleaning action of the lungs exposing the tissues to cancer-causing substances

chronic bronchitis is

a condition in which the walls of the bronchi become inflamed and infected.

Emphysema is

a disease caused by the destruction of alveoli in the lungs.

crystal methamphetamine is

a form of methamphetamine that produces intense physical and physiological exhilaration

Monica started smoking just to look sophisticated, but within months she found herself smoking every day. She now smokes two packs a day and wants to stop. The force driving her habit is

addiction

A drug is a substance (other than food) that

alters structure or function in living organism

Carbon monoxide reduces the red blood cell's ability to transport oxygen by

attaching itself to hemoglobin

which of the following BEST describes a synergistic effect of two drugs taken together? The effect of the

effect of two drugs combined is greater than the effects of each taken alone

Heavy use of hallucinogens is known to occasionally produce

flashbacks

another word that means psychological dependence is

habituation

Drug tests commonly search for all of the following EXCEPT

hallucinogens

Which of the following is FALSE regarding carbon monoxide? it

has a relatively small impact on the cardiovascular system

After years of cigarette smoking, Hartwig has developed a "smoker's cough." This means

his body is attempting to remove excess mucus from his lungs

LSD is typically manufactured in

home laboratories

Nicotine promotes the development of cardiovascular disease primarily by

increasing heart rate, increasing blood pressure and promoting clots

Which of the following BEST describes the connection between cigarette smoking and cancer? Cigarette smoking

is a significant risk factor in virtually all forms of cancer

One of the unique dangers of PCP is that

it may cause aggression in users

Of the following states, which has the highest rate in the nation?

kentucky

When segments of the college community are studied, there is a direct relationship between cigarette smoking and

level of alcohol use

Some children become smokers because they see their parents smoking. This is called

modeling

The dependency-producing substance found in cigarettes is

nicotine

The average cigarette smoker will develop cancer in 20 pack-years, which is standard that represents

one pack a day for 20 years

Most of the alcohol that you drink is removed from your body by the process of

oxidation

problem drinking is characterized by

personal difficulties from alcohol use

The most effective time to begin influencing a child NOT to smoke is

preschool age

Drugs that change the user's feelings, perceptions, or moods are called

psychoactive

The greatest danger in the use of inhalants is

respiratory and cardiovascular damage

when two or more drugs are taken and the result is merely a combined total effect of each drug, the result is a(n) _____________ effect

synergistic

Of the following, which component of a cigarette contains most of the carcinogenic compounds?

tar

A characteristic of major concern when using narcotics is

the rapid development of physical dependence

The main difference between designer drugs and drugs on the FDA's list of controlled substances

their legal

cross-tolerance occurs when

tolerance for one drug affects tolerance for another.

Moderate drinking for men is defined as no more than ____ drinks each day.

two