CH 7

Your best friend is an airline pilot. You often ask him about his flying experiences, but the stories he tells are rather bland. One day he invites you to accompany him on a flight. Surprisingly, once you are up in the air, he begins to share with you all kinds of interesting stories. What is the best explanation for this change?

Context-dependent learning

Which of the following forms of memory requires conscious attention for encoding, storage, and retrieval?

Episodic memory

You are telling your friend about a trip you took to Sea World when you were a child. During the middle of the show, the trainer slipped, fell into the water, and was nearly killed. You can remember the scene as if it happened yesterday. This is an example of which type of memory?

Flashbulb

____ is a developmental disorder characterized by abnormal emotional, social and linguistic development in a child. Symptoms include abnormal ways of relating to people, objects, and situations.

Infantile autism

Although many students attend every class and take notes, they struggle to remember everything they need to know for an exam. Where does this breakdown in memory most likely occur?

Storage

The part of the brain where the emotional components of memories are stored is called the _____.

amygdala

The failure to recognize that our ideas come from another source is called ____

crytomnesia

During lecture each day, a psychology professor may explain four main points he or she wishes the class to retain. However, most students do not think about the material again until the following class period two days later. The forgetting that occurs between classes is most likely the result of

decay.

Leola has a comprehensive final for her organic chemistry class. For her to be able to retain the information from early in the semester, she should be advised to use _____ in her studying throughout the term.

distributed practice

The order of the basic memory processes in which information enters the memory system and is later used is

encoding, storage, and retrieval.

You watch LeShon wave his 4th of July sparkler as he runs. As you watch the light, you notice a circle of light rather than just a single point of light. This effect demonstrates the functioning of your

iconic memory.

When information that you learned in your high school psychology class gets in the way of learning new information from your college-level psychology class, _____ has occurred

interference

The memory system that has an almost unlimited storage system is

long-term memory.

Liv has just seen a commercial advertising a fancy kind of make-up that she would like to buy. She does not have a pen or a piece of paper to write down the telephone number, so she repeats to herself over and over again while she runs into the kitchen to find the telephone. Liv is currently using the process of _____ rehearsal to keep the telephone number active in her short-term memory.

maintenance

According to the authors, our memory is most like

melting wax.

Hideki and Thao are reviewing for an exam. Thao asks the following question: "What term refers to how people retain information over time?" Hideki would be most correct if he answered

memory

As we age, our ability to recognize the strengths and limitations of our own memories improves. This is known as ___

meta-memory.

An essay exam question or a fill-in-the-blank question with no word bank is similar to the _____ method of assessing one's memory.

recall

The tendency to remember the items that came at the end of a presented list is called the _____ effect.

recency

Peter is trying to accurately remember what his wife, Lois, looked like and was wearing the first time he ever saw her. Research suggests this will involve actual details stored in his memory as well as his best guesses and hunches based on his current knowledge. This suggests that people actively _____ many of their recollections of the past.

reconstruct

All night, Pedro has been staring at Samantha from across the dance floor. At the end of the night, he finally gets the courage to ask her for her telephone number. His mental repetition of her number on the drive home is one example of

rehearsal.

The memory system that contains memories for factual information about the world around us is _____ memory.

semantic

After you finish reading this sentence, the information will remain in your _____ as you consider each of the answers below.

short-term memory

Jasmine needs to remember an 8-line poem for her 5th-grade English class next week. Her mother suggests that she link the first few words from each line with a different part of their home, starting with the front door. This suggestion is most similar to the memory strategy known as

the method of loci.

When listening to the radio, Ramona hears a song; she cannot immediately recall the band's name, but she is sure she knows the name. This is one example of

the tip-of-the-tongue phenomenon.