ch 7 soc

Which of the following statements are true about Craig MacAndrew and Robert Edgerton's cognitive guidedness approach to alcohol-related violence?

-It emphasizes the factor of cultural context. -It maintains that alcohol does not act on the human animal in a standardized fashion.

Which of the following are trends identified by National Survey on Drug Use and Health's (NSDUH's) 2019 survey on alcohol use in the United States?

-Underage alcohol use has substantially declined over the course of the past nearly four decades. -For young adults age 18-25, the corresponding last-month figures of alcohol use declined from 76 percent in 1979 to 54 percent in 2019.

Identify the factors that mitigate the effects of alcohol on drinkers.

-the speed with which one drinks -the presence of food and water in the stomach -sex or gender of the drinkers

Identify a true statement about the overall assessment of alcohol consumption.

For most societies, moderate consumption of alcohol has proven far more beneficial than harmful.

Identify an accurate statement about nicotine.

It can be lethal if injected directly into the bloodstream.

Which of the following is true about the prohibition on the sale of alcohol to persons under the age of 21 in the United States?

Liberals oppose the ban claiming that it forces underage imbibers into a subculture of extreme consumption that encourage dangerous "binge" drinking.

According to the ______ hypothesis, being under the influence is the key mechanism causing the levels of alcohol to co-vary with risky, deviant behavior.

disinhibition

A noticeable acute effect of cigarette smoking is that, in substantial doses, it can cause shortness of breath because ______.

it releases carbon monoxide, which reduces the body's supply of oxygen to the blood

In 2020, Americans age 14 or older consumed an average of 2.52 gallons of absolute alcohol per person per year. This figure is called "apparent" alcohol consumption because ______.

not every drop of the alcohol purchased is necessarily drunk during the designated year

The relationship between alcohol abuse and risky, deviant behavior is ______.

strongly contingent on drinking locales or contexts

Identify the generalization about alcohol consumption and the sexual victimization of women as concluded by Maria Testa.

Alcohol intoxication increases the likelihood that women will be sexually victimized.

Identify a true statement about the relationship between blood-alcohol concentration (BAC) level of drivers and the likelihood of highway accidents.

Among 16- to 20-year-old male drivers, a BAC level of 0.02 doubles the likelihood of a fatal accident.

Which of the following is true of alcohol?

The process of making alcohol is simple and basic.