Ch 7+8 Test Bank Questions

________ is used to represent an indifferent decision in the decision table. A) A greater than sign B) A blank C) The letter X D) A dash

A dash

To create a set of hierarchal related charts in finer and finer detail, one must use ________. A) A hierarchy chart B) A flowchart C) Functional decomposition D) A subprocess

A flowchart

Data flow repository entries typically will NOT include ________. A) The label or name for the data flow as entered on the DFDs B) A list of other repository objects grouped into categories by type of object C) The composition or list of data elements contained in the data flow D) A long description defining the data flow

A long description defining the data flow

The concept of DFD ________ refers to whether or not the depiction of the system shown at one level of a nested set of DFDs is compatible with the depictions of the system shown at other levels. A) Consistency B) Completeness C) Balancing D) Accuracy

Accuracy

A(n) ________ diagram shows the conditional logic for the sequence of system activities needed to accomplish a business process. A) Fork B) Branch C) Business D) Activity

Activity

A(n) ________ in business process modeling shows the sequence of action in a process. A) Graph B) Flow C) Event D) Activity

Activity

A(n) ________ is an external entity that interacts with a system and is someone or something that exchanges information with the systems. A) Procedure B) DFD C) User D) Actor

Actor

In a decision table a value that does not affect the action taken is known as ________. A) An action stub B) A rule C) A logical dilemma D) An indifferent condition

An indifferent condition

A data flow has a noun phrase label. More than one data flow noun phrase can appear on a single ________ as long as all of the flows on the same arrow move together as one package. A) Circle B) Rectangle C) Join D) Arrow

Arrow

A(n) ________ in a data flow means that exactly the same data come from any of two or more different processes, data stores, or sources/sinks to a common location. A) Join B) Fork C) Break D) Arrow

Arrow

According to the DFD conventions, the data flow is always depicted by a(n) ________. A) Rectangle B) Circle C) Arrow D) Triangle

Arrow

When two ________ have the same data flow name, you must be careful that these flows are exactly the same. A) Rectangles B) DFDs C) Arrows D) Processes

Arrows

A(n) ________ is a named property or characteristic of an entity that is of interest to the organization. A) Event B) Instance C) Relationship D) Attribute

Attribute

________ and relationships with data flows. A) Classes B) Sinks C) Relationships D) Attributes

Attributes

________ is NOT a phase in a systems development life cycle. A) Maintenance B) Planning C) Attributes D) Design

Attributes

Use cases written at the fish and ________ levels (sometimes called the clam level) are much more detailed and focus on sub-function goals. A) Black B) White C) Kite D) Sea

Black

Use cases written at the fish and ________ levels (sometimes called the clam level) are much more detailed and focus on subfunction goals. A) Black B) White C) Kite D) Sea

Black

Use cases written at the ________ level focus on user goals. A) White B) Blue C) Black D) Kite

Blue

________ is NOT one of the levels of details suggested by Cockburn. A) White B) Kite C) Red D) Blue

Blue

________ rules are specifications that preserve the integrity of the logical data model. A) Business B) Disjoint C) Overlap D) Total specialization

Business

BPMN stands for ________. A) Basic Process Modeling Notation B) Business Process Multi Notation C) Business Process Modeling Notation D) Business Procedure Modeling Notation

Business Procedure Modeling Notation

A ________ key is an attribute (or combination of attributes) that uniquely identifies each instance of an entity type. A) Primary B) Unique C) Candidate D) Duplicate

Candidate

A(n) ________ is an entity type that associates the instances of one or more entity types and contains attributes that are peculiar to the relationship between those entity instances. A) Relationship B) Associative entity C) Identifier D) Cardinality

Cardinality

A use-case consists of a set of possible sequences of interactions between a system and ________ in a particular environment, possible sequences that are related to a particular goal. A) User B) Procedure C) Function D) Company

Company

The concept of DFD ________ refers to whether you have included in your DFDs all of the components necessary for the system you are modeling. A) Completeness B) Accuracy C) Balancing D) Processing

Completeness

A(n) ________ is an attribute that has meaningful component parts. A) Optional attribute B) Composite attribute C) Required attribute D) Derived attribute

Composite attribute

If there is a situation where a decision table has a logic decision where an employee data type can have one of two values, those values are listed in the ________. A) Condition stub B) Action stub C) Rules D) Data flow diagram

Condition stub

________ are NOT a part of a decision table. A) Condition stubs B) Action stubs C) Rules D) Policies

Condition stubs

Data cannot move directly from a source to a sink. It must be moved by a process if the data are of any concern to our system. Otherwise, the data flow is not shown on the ________. A) Sink B) Procedure C) Flow chart D) DFD

DFD

During requirements structuring, a ________ model represents conceptual data requirements for a particular system. A) Business B) Project C) Data D) Relationship

Data

A ________ is a picture of the movement of data between external entities and the processes and data stores within a system. A) Process flow diagram B) Data flow diagram C) Data diagram D) Procedure flow diagram

Data Flow Diagram

A ________ can be best understood as data in motion, moving from one place in a system to another. A) Process B) Data flow C) Data store D) Data source

Data flow

All of the following are deliverables for process modeling except ________. A) Context DFD B) Database DFD with metadata C) DFDs of the system D) Descriptions of each DFD component

Database DFD with metadata

A ________ is a diagram of process logic where the logic is reasonably complicated. A) Decision table B) Decision box C) Decision column D) Decision flow

Decision table

________ allow you to check for the extent to which your logic is complete, consistent, and not redundant. A) Gap analysis B) Action stubs C) Process modeling D) Decision tables

Decision tables

Typically process names begin with ________. A) A noun B) The name of a person C) An action verb D) Decomposition

Decomposition

The ________ of a relationship is the number of entity types that participate in that relationship. A) Object B) Degree C) Identifier D) Measure

Degree

The ________ rule specifies that an entity instance can simultaneously be a member of two (or more) subtypes. A) Business B) Overlap C) Disjoint D) Total specialization

Disjoint

The ________ rule specifies that if an entity instance of the super type is a member of one subtype, it cannot simultaneously be a member of any other subtype. A) Business B) Overlap C) Disjoint D) Partial specialization

Disjoint

An ________ model is a detailed, logical representation of the entities, associations, and data elements for an organization or business area A) E-D B) E-O C) E-R D) E-A

E-A

A(n) ________ data model is a detailed model that captures the overall structure of organizational data that is independent of any database management system or other implementation considerations. A) Conceptual B) Physical C) Logical D) Entity

Entity

A(n) ________ is a person, place, object, event, or concept in the user environment about which the organization wishes to maintain data. A) Dimension B) Attribute C) Object D) Entity

Entity

The most common format used for data modeling is ________ diagramming. A) Entity-class B) Entity-object C) Entity-subject D) Entity-relationship

Entity-relationship

Event entity types should be named for the result of the ________, not the activity or process of the event. A) Event B) Class C) Entity D) Object

Event

________ is the set of behaviors or functions in a use case that follow exceptions to the main success scenario. A) Triggers B) Extension C) Preconditions D) Connections

Extension

A data flow to a data store means ________. A) Join B) Update C) Process D) Fork

Fork

A(n) ________ in a data flow means that exactly the same data goes from a common location to two or more different processes, data stores, or sources/sinks. (This usually indicates different copies of the same data going to different locations.) A) Arrow B) Join C) Break D) Fork

Fork

A data flow cannot go directly back to the same process it leaves. There must be at least ________ other process(es) that handle(s) the data flow, produce(s) some other data flow, and return(s) the original data flow to the beginning process. A) Three B) Two C) One D) Four

Four

The act of going from a single system to ________ component processes is called (functional) decomposition. A) Two B) Three C) Four D) Six

Four

With only ________ symbols, you can use DFDs to represent both physical and logical information systems. A) Four B) Three C) Five D) Six

Four

Kathy was reviewing the DFD and found there was a discrepancy between the order process and the customer credit approval process. Kathy was involved in a(n) ________. A) Gap analysis B) JAD C) Walkthrough D) Audit

Gap analysis

________ is the process of discovering discrepancies between two or more sets of DFDs or discrepancies within a single DFD. A) Timing B) Primitive DFD C) Basic analysis D) Gap analysis

Gap analysis

A(n) ________ in business process modeling is a decision point. A) Event B) Swim-lane C) Gateway D) Flow

Gateway

When thinking about sources and sinks, all of the following are of no interest to us except ________. A) What a source does with information B) How to control the design of a source/sink C) Connecting sinks/sources directly to the stored data D) How the information leaves the internal DFD to the sink/source

How the information leaves the internal DFD to the sink/source

A(n) ________ is an attribute that may take on more than one value for each entity instance. A) Multivalued attribute B) Single valued attribute C) Identifier D) Candidate key

Identifier

The ________ defines the number of instances of entity B that can (or must) be associated with each instance of entity A. A) Cardinality B) Relationship C) Identifier D) Association

Identifier

________ is/are NOT a deliverable for process modeling. A) Context DFD B) DFDs of the system C) Thorough descriptions of each DFD component D) Inadequately decomposed diagrams

Inadequately decomposed diagrams

A(n) ________ arises when one use case uses another use case and is shown diagrammatically as a dotted-line arrow pointed toward the use case that is being used. A) Extend relationship B) Include relationship C) System boundary D) Connection

Include relationship

On what basis are objects referenced, selected, qualified, sorted, and categorized? A) Attributes and secondary keys B) Entities C) Primary keys D) Index

Index

Violations of DFD drawing rules can produce ________. A) A gap analysis B) Confusion C) Inefficiencies D) An audit

Inefficiencies

No process can have only ________ and if an object has only that, then it must be a sink. A) Inputs B) Procedure C) Outputs D) Arrow

Inputs

An entity ________ is a single occurrence of an entity type. A) Instance B) Object C) Attribute D) Class

Instance

Functional decomposition is a(n) ________ process of breaking the description of a system down into finer and finer detail, which creates a set of charts in which one process on a given chart is explained in greater detail on another chart. A) Iterative B) Never-ending C) Continuous D) Static

Iterative

________ DFD development recognizes that requirements determination and requirements structuring are interacting, not sequential, subphases of the analysis phase of the SDLC. A) Primitive B) Iterative C) Subjective D) Consistent

Iterative

Both the white and ________ levels provide a summary of the use case goals. A) Blue B) Black C) Kite D) Fish

Kite

A ________ is a DFD that represents a system's major processes, data flows, and data stores at a high level of detail. A) Level-1 diagram B) Level-0 diagram C) Level-2 diagram D) Level-3 diagram

Level-0 diagram

A ________ diagram is a DFD that is generated from n nested decompositions from a level-0 diagram. A) Level-n B) Level-0 C) Level-1 D) Level-2

Level-n

What should one do first when creating a decision table? A) Simply the decision table. B) Name the conditions. C) List all possible rules. D) Identify the value each condition can assume.

List all possible rules.

At the ________ level of DFDs, new data flows may be added to represent data that are transmitted under exceptional conditions. These data flows typically represent error messages or confirmation notices. A) Highest B) Lowest C) Basic D) Medium

Lowest

A data flow diagram does not representative time very well, therefore the analyst must ________. A) Model the system as if the system has never started and will never stop B) Design the diagram as if the perfect model for the system exists C) Indicate time sequences in a legend D) Stop decomposing the model when it appears the system should be completed

Model the system as if the system has never started and will never stop

An activity diagram cannot be used to ________. A) Depict the flow of control from activity to activity B) Help in identifying extensions in a use case C) Model work flow but not business processes D) Model the sequential and concurrent steps in a computation process

Model work flow but not business processes

Each entity type in an E-R model is given a ________ because it represents a class or set, it is singular. A) Class B) Type C) Name D) Degree

Name

Functional decomposition stops when ________. A) No subprocesses can be broken down B) There are a max of 5 levels C) The team decides to stop D) The hierarchy chart becomes too cumbersome to read

No subprocesses can be broken down

A data flow has ________ direction(s) of flow between symbols. It may flow in both directions between a process and a data store to show a read before an update. A) No B) Three C) One D) Multi

One

A unary relationship is a relationship between the instances of ________ entity type(s). A) One B) Two C) Three D) Five

One

A(n) ________ is an attribute that may not have a value for every entity instance. A) Required attribute B) Derived attribute C) Composite attribute D) Optional attribute

Optional attribute

No process can have only ________. It would be making data from nothing (a miracle). If an object has only outputs, then it must be a source. A) Sources B) Sinks C) Inputs D) Outputs

Outputs

The ________ rule specifies that an entity instance of the supertype does not have to belong to any subtype. A) Total specialization B) Partial specialization C) Overlap D) Disjoint

Partial specialization

Flowcharting has been criticized by proponents of structured analysis and design because it is too ________. A) Geometrically oriented B) Diagrammatic C) Physically oriented D) Methodological

Physically oriented

According to Cockburn's template, ________ are those things the system must ensure are true before the use case can start. A) Preconditions B) Minimal guarantee C) Success guarantee D) Triggers

Preconditions

A ________ relationship is a relationship between instances of two entity types and is the most common type of relationship encountered in data modeling. A) Secondary B) Binary C) Primary D) Ternary

Primary

What unique characteristic(s) distinguish(es) each object from other objects of the same type? A) Secondary key B) Primary key C) Composite key D) Index

Primary key

The lowest level of a DFD is called a ________ data flow diagram. A) Low-level B) Primitive C) Level-0 D) Basic

Primitive

A ________ shows the scope of the system, indicating which elements are inside and which are outside of the system. A) Process flow diagram B) Context diagram C) Data diagram D) Procedure flow diagram

Procedure flow diagram

A ________ is the work or actions performed on data so that they are transformed, stored, or distributed. A) Process B) Data store C) Flowchart D) Data flow

Process

Data cannot move directly from one data store to another data store. Data must be moved by a ________. A) Flow chart B) Procedure C) Process D) Data source

Process

A(n) ________ is an attribute that must have a value for every entity instance. A) Derived attribute B) Composite attribute C) Required attribute D) Optional attribute

Required attribute

A ________ is a matrix representation of the logic of a decision. A) Condition stubs B) Decision table C) Action stubs D) Rule

Rule

Similar attributes of different entity types should use ________ but distinguishing names. A) Similar B) Different C) Unique D) Duplicate

Similar

A ________ is used in both conventions for sources/sinks and has a name that states what the external agent is, such as Customer, Teller, EPA Office, or Inventory Control System. A) Circle B) Triangle C) Rectangle D) Square

Square

A ________ is an entity type that is meaningful to the organization and that shares common attributes or relationships distinct from other sub-groupings. A) Repeating group B) Multi-valued C) Super-type D) Subtype

Subtype

A ________ lists what it takes to satisfy stakeholders if the use case is completed successfully. A) Precondition B) Minimal guarantee C) Success guarantee D) Trigger

Success guarantee

A ________ in business process modeling is a way to visually encapsulate a process. A) Gateway B) Swimlane C) Pool D) Flow

Swimlane

Which of the following is an advanced rule governing data flow diagramming? A) Data flows cannot be split. B) The inputs to a process must be sufficient to produce the outputs. C) At the highest level, new data flows may be added. D) It is good to have data flow lines cross each other.

The inputs to a process must be sufficient to produce the outputs.

A ternary relationship is a simultaneous relationship among instances of ________ entity type(s). A) One B) Two C) Three D) Ten

Three

The ________ rule specifies that each entity instance of the supertype must be a member of some subtype of the relationship. A) Partial specialization B) Business C) Overlap D) Total specialization

Total specialization

An entity ________ is a collection of entities that share common properties or characteristics. A) Object B) Type C) Subject D) Relationship

Type

An entity ________ is described just once in a data model, whereas many ________ of that may be represented by data stored in the database. A) Type; instances B) Type; classes C) Instance; types D) Class; objects

Type; instances

A recursive relationship is also known as a ________ relationship. A) Binary B) Ternary C) Secondary D) Unary

Unary

As seen from the clouds, as if flying in a plane at 35,000 feet, refers to which level according to Cockburn?A) White B) Kite C) Blue D) Fish

White