CH 8

Which food provides iron in the most absorbable form?

Hamburger

_____ helps muscles to relax after contraction and tooth enamel to retain calcium.

Magnesium

What controls the water balance between body cells and their environment?

Minerals

Which mineral is vital to lipid transport in the blood and to cell membrane structure?

Phosphorus

What binder that is found in whole-grain cereals hinders zinc absorption?

Phytic acid

Which of the following contributes most of the sodium in the typical U.S. diet?

Processed foods

Which of the following would be the safest and best absorbed calcium supplement?

Calcium citrate

Sharon is an 18-year-old college student who drinks soda at lunch, at dinner, and with snacks. You notice that she rarely drinks milk and suggest that she start because the calcium recommendation for someone 9-18 years of age is:

1,300 mg per day

Peak bone mass is reached at approximately _____ years of age.

30

Gertrude has a young son named Ben, and wants to know how to make sure he grows strong bones. Ben's pediatrician advises her to include calcium-rich foods in his daily diet so he can attain a high bone mass. Why is this so important?

Bone mass is the main factor influencing bone health

Fluoride deficiency is best known to cause:

dental decay.

All of the following are characteristics of a zinc deficiency except:

discoloration of the teeth.

Selenium is required for the production of the active form of _____ and also functions as _____.

thyroid hormone; an antioxidant

The mineral critical to the synthesis of thyroid hormones is:

iodine

Potassium supplements:

may be prescribed for people on very-low-calorie weight-loss diets.

Some diuretics cause the excretion of _____, increasing dietary need for this mineral.

potassium

The sudden deaths that occur during fasting, severe diarrhea, or severe vomiting are thought to be due to heart failure caused by a loss of _____.

potassium

Almost all (99%) of the calcium in the body is used to:

provide rigidity for the bones and teeth

If a woman has a severe iodine deficiency during pregnancy, her child may have:

cretinism.

The absorption of iron is impaired by:

tannins.