Ch. 8 Smartbook

What is the most accurate description of person-organization fit?

A match between an individual's personality and values and those of the organization

______ refers to the rights inherent in a managerial position to make decisions, give orders, and utilize resources.

Authority

What are three characteristics of an organization with a simple structure?

Authority in a single person A flat hierarchy Low work specialization

What are the four types of organizational culture outlined in the competing values framework (CVF)?

Clan Hierarchy Adhocracy Market

According to Schein, which organizational feature unifies employees or members and gives everyone an understanding of the organization's reason for being?

Common purpose

When is the ideal time to assess person-organization fit?

Prior to accepting a position

Some of the strongest ways to embed organizational culture include which two of the following?

Rewards Status symbols

In the common elements of organizations, common purpose is realized through ______, which enables the work of individuals to combine in an organization-wide endeavor.

coordinated effort

The degree to which someone's personality and values align with the organizational culture of a firm is called ______.

person-organization fit

Organizations wishing to change their culture may alter their physical layout and design in order to: (Choose every correct answer.)

send a strong message about the culture encourage employee productivity

An organization that has authority centralized in a single person, as well as a flat hierarchy, few rules, and low work specialization, is using a ______.

simple structure

A company's ______ is the large-scale action plan that encompasses the company's vision and is used to create the direction for the business.

strategy

______ embed preferred culture by describing organizational philosophy, mission, vision, and values.

Formal statements

Which factors must work in concert to produce successful strategic execution? (Choose every correct answer.)

HR practices Organizational structure Organizational culture

Which of the following are outcomes associated with various types of organizational culture?

Higher customer satisfaction in clan and market cultures Higher market share in clan and market cultures More positive organizational outcomes in market cultures

What is the primary cause of failure for strategic initiatives?

Improper execution

What occurs as a result of the horizontal organizational design?

Teams are used to improve collaboration and work.

According to Barnard's definition, which of the following examples represent organizations?

The corporate headquarters of a global technology company A crew of two people coordinating their activities on a commercial fishing boat

Which of the following statements regarding horizontal design are true? (Choose every correct answer.)

This design is also called a team-based design Workgroups are used to improve collaboration Internal boundaries are broken down

Identify the types of structures categorized as organizational designs with open boundaries. (Choose every correct answer.)

Virtual Hollow Modular

What are the two types of information that organization charts reveal about organizational structure?

Who specializes in what work Who reports to whom

Authority in organizations means ______, meaning managers must report and justify work results to the managers above them and are responsible for performing assigned tasks.

accountability

In organizational culture, rites and rituals represent ______.

activities and ceremonies that celebrate important occasions and accomplishments in the organization's life

A(n) ______ organization is a fluid, highly adaptive organization whose members are linked by information technology and collaborate on common tasks.

boundaryless

When important decisions are made by high-level managers, the organization has ______ authority.

centralized

Rites and rituals, which are activities and ______ used to celebrate important organizational events or achievements, can be leveraged in the process of culture change.

ceremonies

A system of shared beliefs and values that develops within an organization and guides the behavior of its members is called organizational ______.

culture

In order to implement a particular organizational strategy, managers must determine the right kind of organizational: (Choose every correct answer.)

culture structure

With ______, an organization can parcel out the entire complex work effort to be performed by specialists, which results in greater efficiency.

division of labor

When people with diverse occupational specialties are put together in formal groups by similar products or services, customers or clients, or geographic regions, the organization is using a ______ structure.

divisional

According to the competing values framework (CVF), organizational ______ varies along two dimensions.

effectiveness

Formal statements can help to change an organization's culture by ______.

embedding the culture in various organizational materials such as the mission, vision, and values statements

Philosophies, beliefs, and norms that are explicitly stated by the organization reflect its ______ values.

espoused

Espoused values in an organization's culture represent the ______.

explicitly stated values and norms the organization prefers

An organizational structure where people with similar occupational specialties are put together in formal groups is called a ______ structure.

functional

In a two-person operation, one may specialize in the outward-facing tasks such as sales while the other specializes in the internal jobs such as research and production. In a large firm, there may be vice presidents for each task such as marketing, finance, and HR. These examples represent different types of ______.

horizontal specialization

The part of an organization chart that shows different jobs or work assignments is called ______.

horizontal specialization

Organizational structure: (Choose every correct answer.)

is concerned with who reports to whom in the organization and who specializes in what work must be aligned with the organization's goals, strategies, and culture

Coordinated effort, one of the four common elements of organizations proposed by Schein, ______.

is represented by the coordination of individual efforts coming together into an organization-wide effort

Division of labor, one of the four common elements of organizations proposed by Schein, ______.

is the arrangement of having discrete parts of a task done by different people in an organization

Organizational culture:

is the social glue that binds members of the organization together. is passed on to new employees through socialization and mentoring. helps employees understand why the organization does what it does. represents beliefs and values shared among workers.

An organization's ______ can pay attention to, measure, and control a number of activities, processes, or outcomes in order to foster a certain culture.

leaders

More positive organizational outcomes are associated with ______ cultures.

market

In organizational culture, a story is a(n) ______.

narrative based on true events which is repeated in order to emphasize a particular value.

Symbols in organizational culture represent ______.

objects or actions that convey an organization's most important values to others

The readily apparent symbols and manifestations of an organization's culture are called its ______.

observable artifacts

A(n) ______ is a system of consciously coordinated activities or forces of two or more people.

organization

The extent to which your personality and values match the climate and culture in an organization is referred to as person-______ fit.

organization

A box-and-lines illustration showing the formal lines of authority and the organization's work specializations is called a(n) ______ chart.

organizational

The competing values framework is a tool companies use to understand ______.

organizational culture

Functional organizational structures: (Choose every correct answer.)

put employees with similar occupational specialties together in formal groups. are common in both for-profit and nonprofit organizations.

If an organization wishes to change its culture, managers can alter the types of ______ and status symbols they give out and to whom they give them.

rewards

Organizations can use ______, activities that celebrate important events or achievements for the organization, to change the organization's culture.

rites and rituals

Activities and ceremonies, planned and unplanned, that celebrate important occasions and accomplishments in an organization's life are known as rites and ______.

rituals

Very ______ companies tend to be the most centralized in terms of authority.

small

The number of people reporting directly to a given manager refers to ______.

span of control

Managers can help to change the organization's culture by paying attention to which ______ they use as narratives to symbolize the organization's vision and values to employees.

stories

When employees share a narrative about an actual event that helped create an aspect of the company's culture, they are relying on ______ to symbolize the company's vision and values.

stories

A ______ is a narrative about the company's history that is repeated by an organization's members in order to emphasize a particular value.

story

The formal system of task and reporting relationships that coordinates and motivates an organization's members to achieve the company's goals is called the organizational ______.

structure

In terms of organizational culture, a ______ is an artifact, act, quality, or event that conveys an organization's most important values to others.

symbol

An organization comprised of many levels with narrow spans of managerial control is described as:

tall.

One method of changing organizational culture is to provide structured ______ as an in-depth introduction to organizational values.

training

Common purpose, one of the four common elements of organizations proposed by Schein, ______.

unifies members and helps everyone understand the organization's reason for being

Some businesses have created open-area workspaces where employees sit at desks that are side-by-side and no walls are between them. This is to foster collaboration among the staff. What aspect of culture change does this represent?

Physical design

Which of the following can leaders pay attention to, measure, and control in order to change the organization's culture? (Choose every correct answer.)

Processes Outcomes Activities

Which are advantages of ensuring you have good potential fit with an organization before accepting a position? (Choose every correct answer.)

Reduced intention to quit Reduced work stress Positive work attitude

Which of these would be considered observable artifacts in an organization?

Rituals Awards Decorations

Which of the following represent learning-related tools that can be leveraged to change an organization's culture? (Choose every correct answer.)

Role modeling Coaching Training

Which are advantages of centralized authority? (Choose every correct answer.)

Less duplication of work Increased efficiency