Ch.1 (Hist 1301)
The ____ people were the master potters of the Southwest
Mogollon
Which statement regarding the environmental changes that occurred at the end of the Ice Age is not correct?
Most species of megafauna survived the environmental changes.
Why didn't indigenous Americans domesticate large animals (with the exception of llamas and alpacas)?
When the megafauna disappeared, there were few large mammals to domesticate.
What social characteristics did the abundance of food in Mesoamerica produce?
a highly complex and stratified social system
Most Eastern Woodland peoples subsisted on ___ unlike the ancient peoples of the Southwest.
animals, fish, and nuts
The earliest settlers of the Americas migrated across the Bering Strait ___ years ago.
at least 15,500
The center of the network of Mississippian cities, located at the junction of the Missouri and Mississippi rivers, was a city known as
cahokia
For which of the following was the Aztec capital Tenochtitlán noted?
canals and causeways
At the end of the fifteenth century, Native Americans who hunted practiced religions that
celebrated their kinship with animals, and solicited the aid of animals as guardian spirits.
How far west did medieval Scandinavians sail?
Greenland
The Cherokees, Tuscaroras, and Hurons all spoke ______ languages.
Iroquoian
How did the geographic and climatic diversity of the Americas affect the transfer of plants and animals?
It slowed down the spread of corn production from South America to Mesoamerica.
The first European outpost in North America was established in
Newfoundland
Who were the first city-builders in the Americas?
The Olmecs
How did early humans living in the Americas adapt to the end of the Ice Age?
They began to hunt smaller animals.
Which of the following was a Mayan accomplishment?
The development of astronomical observatories
Why did groups of people in the Great Basin usually number less than fifty?
The soil and climate were not good for farming.
Which of the following statements are true concerning the diseases brought to the Americas by European colonizers?
They killed millions of Native Americans, and they did the greatest damage to Native American adults.
Which statement is true of the peoples of North America at the time of the Europeans' first arrival?
They lived in remarkably diverse ways.
Which of the following is true of the Hohokam?
They utilized vast and complex irrigation systems.
True or false: Although the cultural significance of the mounds built in the Ohio and Mississippi river valleys is not completely understood, archaeological evidence points to their use as burial sites.
True
How can the Olmec civilization best be described?
complex and urban
The food crop that was most important to Mesoamerican development was
corn
Which of the following plants did Native Americans develop?
corn
Which of these features distinguished Anasazi society?
extensive system of wide straight roads, agricultural adaptations, and multi-storied apartment-like buildings
For indigenous people, the effect of the contact between Eastern and Western Hemispheres that began in 1492 was
far-reaching and permanent.
Precontact people transformed forests in eastern North America by using
fire.
The distinctive society that developed in the Pacific Northwest survived primarily by
fishing
On which of the following did most plains communities typically rely for survival?
foraging, hunting
Communication and technology transfer between the Americas were primarily hampered by which two of the following?
geographic diversity, and climatic diversity
Pacific Northwest societies
had sharp class distinctions, and included slavery.
As distinctive regional cultures began to develop, those who remained in the Great Plains survived by
hunting small bison.
Although the lack of ______ spared Native Americans from many diseases, this ultimately made them more susceptible to the diseases that Europeans had developed immunities to.
large domesticated animals
Amazon farmers did which of the following?
managed soils for farming
The incredible array of huge mammals, including mammoths, sloths, camels, and lions, found in the northern Great Plains about 15,000 years ago are called
megafauna
The ______ people were the master potters of the Southwest.
mogollon
Small family groups in the Great Basin generally
moved according to the season
Following the crises of the twelfth through fourteenth centuries, descendants of the Hohokam
moved to small farming villages with simpler irrigation systems.
Agriculture began in the Americas ______ anywhere else in the world.
nearly as early as
Unlike Eurasia, the Americas fall along a(n) ______ axis.
north-south
How did plains hunters pursue their game?
on foot
Which crop, introduced from the Americas, dramatically changed northern European life?
potatoes
President Andrew Johnson, like many Americans of his era, believed that Native Americans were
savages who had killed off the "great races" who preceded them.
Native people of the Americas deliberately manipulated teosinte by
saving the seeds from the best plants and planting them in gardens.
The main diet of groups living in the Great Basin consisted of
seeds, nuts, and plants.
As compared to the Americas, the agricultural revolution in Eurasia
spread much more quickly
An especially comforting nineteenth-century origin story speculated that Indian mounds were actually built by
stranded Welshmen.
Which people tamed the waters of the Salt and Gila Rivers with the most extensive system of irrigation canals anywhere in precontact North America?
the Hohokam
What Mesoamerican civilization discovered the zero?
the Mayas
Which area did the Aztecs rule?
the Valley of Mexico
Which region did the Mayan empire encompass?
the Yucatan Peninsula and much of current-day Central America
The inhabitants of the Subarctic
were nomadic.
Which of the following food sources were important to the inhabitants of the Arctic and Subarctic regions?
whale, berries, caribou
What best describes the climate in the Great Plains during this era?
wildly unpredictable
The primary material used in Pacific Northwest arts and crafts was
wood.
