Ch1 HTML5
Extensible Markup Language (XML)
A markup language with capabilities that are essential to software developers creating applications for the web
Hypertext
A nonlinear way of organizing information. When you are using a hypertext system, you can skip from one related topic to another, find the information that interests you, and then return to your starting point or move on to another related topic of interest
Element
A pair of HTML tags containing content. An <h1> element looks like this: <h1>Heading</h1>
Rendering engine
A program contained in every browser that interprets the markup tags in an HTML file and displays the results in the browser
Document Type Definition (DTD)
A set of rules that contains all the elements, attributes, and usage rules for the markup language you are using
Style Sheet
A set of style rules that describes a document's display characteristics. There are two types of style sheets: internal and external
Cookie
A small piece of text-based data that a web page sores on the user's machine. Cookies transfer small pieces of information with every request to the web server
Validator
A software program that checks an HTML document for syntactical errors
Standard Generalized Markup Language (SGML)
A standard system for specifying document structure using markup tags
Markup Language
A structured language that lets you identify common elements of a document such as headings, paragraphs, and lists
Cascading Style Sheets (CSS)
A style language, created by the W3C, that allows complete specifications of style for HTML documents. CSS allows HTML authors to write style rules that affect the display of web pages. Css style information is contained either within an HTML document or in external documents called style sheets
Well-formed document
A syntactically correct XML or XHTML file
Web Page
A text document that is interpreted and displayed by web browser software
Void Element
An HTML element that contains only a single tag and no content
Tag
An HTML tag includes an opening bracket (<), an element name such as h1, and a closing bracket (>). An h1 tag looks like this: <h1>
Deprecated Element
An element that the W3C has identified as obsolete
Semantic Markup
Descriptive markup that identifies the intended use of document sections. Semantic markup accurately describes each piece of content
World Wide Web Consortium (W3C)
Founded in 1994 at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology to standardize web markup languages. The W3C, led by Tim Berners-Lee, sets standards for markup languages and provides an open, nonproprietary forum for industry and academic representatives to add to the evolution of HTML
Extensible Hypertext Markup Language (XHTML)
HTML 4.01 reformulated as an application of XML
Style Rule
In CSS, text that expresses the style characteristics for an HTML element
Metadata
Information about the document itself, such as how to present the document, or what other documents are related to the current one, such as style sheets
Multipurpose Internet Mail Extensions (MIME)
Originally a standard for email, MIME now defines content types for the web. It determines the type of document presented in an HTML file.
Root Element
The container element for all other elements in the document. In an HTML document, the root element is <html>
Hypertext Markup Language (HTML)
The markup language that defines the structure and display properties of a web page. HTML code is interpreted by the browser to create the displayed results. HTML is an application of SGML.
Document Type (doctype)
The section of an HTML document that specifies the rules for the document language so the browser knows how to interpret the HTML code and display it properly
Single Source
To create content that can serve multiple purposes and be distributed to different users or devices
Attribute
code added to an element to provide more information about the element
Valid code
markup code that conforms to the usage rules of the W3C
