ch16 sakai

Which of the following requires immediate transport to a trauma center? A) 47-year-old involved in a motor vehicle crash that resulted in the death of his passenger B) 40-year-old who fell 12 feet from a garage roof C) 36-year-old female in a motor vehicle crash who has a blood pressure of 100/60 D) 22-year-old motorcyclist with a tibia fracture

A

While only a small percentage of individuals conduct terrorism to achieve their goals, terrorists are more likely to have an affiliation with: A. single-issue, political extremist, or apocalyptic religious groups. B. governments and the military. C. private corporations and business. D. private citizens and civic organizations.

A

You are standing by at the scene of a hostage situation when the incident commander advises you that one of his personnel has been shot. The patient is lying supine in an open area and is not moving. As the SWAT team escorts you to the patient, you should: A. grab him by the clothes and immediately move him to safety. B. limit your primary assessment to airway and breathing only. C. perform a rapid assessment and move him to a place of safety. D. treat only critical injuries before moving him to a safe place.

A

Your patient is an eight-year-old male with a pencil impaled 2 centimeters inferior to the xiphoid process. You note that the pencil is pulsating. Which of the following is the best action? A. Stabilize the pencil in place and transport to a trauma center B. Stabilize the pencil and transport to the nearest medical facility C. Remove the pencil and apply direct pressure to the wound; transport to a trauma center if the bleeding does not stop with direct pressure D. Start an IV and request orders for analgesia and sedation

A

____ agents usually cause the most damage to damp or moist areas of the body, such as the armpits, groin, and respiratory tract. A. Vesicants B. Respiratory agents C. Neurotoxins D. Metabolic agents

A

What are the greatest threats to the EMT from weapons of mass destruction (WMDs)? A. entrapment and injury from structure collapse and explosion of secondary devices B. contamination and cross-contamination from direct contact with exposed individuals C. Panic and mass hysteria may lead to EMT injury as the victims attempt to flee. D. penetrating injury and barotrauma from close proximity to the blast zone

B

Which level of trauma facility can handle the most common trauma emergencies but for more specialized care will have to transfer the patient to a regional trauma center? A) I B) II C) III D) IV

B

Which of the following is NOT a complication of crush syndrome? A. Cardiac arrhythmias B. Systemic alkalosis C. Difficult-to-control hemorrhage D. Renal failure

B

Which of the following is NOT a consideration when assessing a trauma patient? A. Underlying medical conditions B. Medical insurance coverage C. MedicAlert bracelts D. SAMPLE history

B

Which of the following is NOT true of trauma triage criteria? A) Comparing patient injuries with their mechanisms has been proven to be essential to decision making surrounding trauma triage criteria. B) When patients meet any of the trauma triage criteria, you should transport the patients to the closest facility, because they do not meet all the criteria for immediate transport. C) Trauma triage criteria is geared to help you formulate an index of suspicion when making decisions about your trauma patient. D) Trauma triage criteria are guidelines to help you determine whether your patient needs transport to a trauma center.

B

You respond to an MCI. Your first patient states that he can't feel his hands. Respirations at 30 breaths per minute. Pulse is rapid with delayed cap refill. He is alert but unable to walk. What is his priority level? A. Delayed/Yellow B. Immediate/Red C. Minor/Green D. Deceased/Black

B

Your patient is a 50 yo male with a GSW to the right anterior chest. He is unresponsive. Which fo the following should you do first? A. Auscultate breath sounds B. Check for breathing C. Seal the chest wound D. Check for a carotid pulse

B

While arriving at the scene of a motor vehicle collision you should: a. Park at least 100 feet away from the wreckage if there is no fire or escaping liquids. b. Park downwind and downhill to avoid fire or escaping hazardous liquids. c. Park behind the wreckage if you are the first on the scene to warn motorists from behind. d. Leave all emergency revolving beacons, headlights, and flashers on for visibility.

C

Your unit is the first to arrive at the scene of a semi-trailer that overturned in high winds. During your scene size-up you should check for: a. NFPA 704 building placards indicating hazardous materials. b. Shipping papers indicating hazardous materials. c. Placards or labels indicating hazardous materials. d. All of the above

C

-Caused by a deadly bacterium that lays dormant in a spore -When exposed to the optimal temperature and moisture, the germ will be released from the spore -The routes of entry are inhalation, cutaneous, and gastrointestinal A. Sulfur mustard (H) B. Lewisite (L) C. Ricin D. Anthrax

D

A 33-year-old restrained driver of a motor vehicle crash is awake and alert, complaining only of neck pain. The vehicle is stable and no hazards are present. When removing this patient from his vehicle, you should: A. adequately secure him to a long backboard. B. use the rapid extrication technique. C. maintain slight traction to his neck area. D. immobilize him with a vest-style device.

D

A 50-year-old female is entrapped in her passenger car after it struck a tree. As the rescue team is preparing to extricate her, you quickly assess her and determine that she is breathing shallowly and that her radial pulse is absent. You should: A. secure her with a short backboard or vest device. B. begin CPR as the rescue team begins extrication. C. stabilize her condition before extrication begins. D. maintain spinal stabilization as she is extricated.

D

A blistering agent that has a rapid onset of symptoms and produces immediate, intense pain and discomfort on contact. A. Hydrogen cyanide (AC) B. Cyanogen chloride (CK) C. chlorine (CL) D. phosgene oxime (CX)

D

A pulmonary agent that is a product of combustion, such as might be produced in a fire at a textile factory or house or from metalwork or burning Freon. It is a very potent agent that has a delayed onset of symptoms, usually hours. A. Hydrogen cyanide B. Cyanogen chloride C. chlorine D. phosgene

D

A) Helmeted bicyclist losing control and falling off his bike onto a gravel surface at 15 miles per hour B) Roll-over motor vehicle collision with a restrained driver C) Fall of 12 feet from a ladder landing in the mud D) Fifty miles per hour motor vehicle crash with partial ejection

D

Applying Newton's second law of motion to a vehicle traveling 70 mph, crashing into which of the following would transfer the most force to the patient? A. A body of water B. Signpost C. Shrubbery D. Bridge abutment

D

As a paramedic, your role in trauma care consists of all of the following EXCEPT: A) providing care to seriously injured trauma patients. B) promoting injury prevention. C) providing rapid transport to appropriate facilities. D) providing surgical interventions to stop hemorrhage.

D

Command functions of the ICS include (three things) EXCEPT which: A. the public information officer (PIO) B. safety officer C. liaison officer D. operations officer

D

Trying to get to the patient as quickly and simply as possible without using any tools or breaking any glass. A. extrication B. simple access C. partial access D. complex access

B

Which of the following patients is NOT a candidate for air medical transport? A) Combative trauma patient B) Seriously injured patient with cardiac tamponade C) Burn patient with over 50 percent partial thickness burns D) Patient with prolonged extrication time

A

Vehicle supplemental restraint systems (air bags)are meant to: A. Prevent injury from secondary impacts B. Absorb the energy exchange of rapid deceleration C. Protect infants and children who ride in the front seat of the vehicle D. Prevent unrestrained occupants from taking the down-and-under pathway in frontal impacts

B

Which of the following is NOT an example of trauma? A. Cerebral contusion B. A stab wound to the abdomen C. Chest pain D. An abrasion to the knee

C

Which of the following is NOT considered a significant mechanism of injury in pediatric patients? A. Bicycle-Vehicle collision at 30 mph B. Any collision in which a child is ejected from the vehicle C. Fall of 5 feet D. Vehichle collision with intrusion into compartment where child is a passenger

C

Which of the following means "the anticipation of injury to a body region or organ"? A) Newton's First Law of Motion B) Index of injury C) Index of suspicion D) Mechanism of injury

C

Which of the following physical findings indicates the need for immediate transport? A) Fractured right femur B) Revised Trauma Score of 12 C) Vital signs: blood pressure 80 by palpation, heart rate 130, and respiratory rate 12 D) Partial thickness burns involving 9 percent of total body surface area

C

-All the lesions are identical in their development. -Blisters begin on the face and extremities and eventually move toward the chest and abdomen. -The disease is in its most contagious phase when the blisters begin to form. A. smallpox B. Bubonic plague C. Measles D. Chicken pox

A

-Produced by bacteria -When introduced into the body, the neurotoxin affects the nervous system's ability to function -Voluntary muscle control diminishes as the toxin spreads -Eventually the toxin causes muscle paralysis, leading to respiratory arrest A. Botulinum B. Lewisite (L) C. Ricin D. Anthrax

A

A nerve agent that is one of the G agents; a highly volatile colorless and odorless liquid that turns from liquid to gas within seconds to minutes at room temperature. A. sarin (GB) B. soman (GD) C. tabun (GA) D. V agent (VX)

A

A vesicant; it is a brownish, yellowish oily substance that is generally considered very persistent; it has the distinct smell of garlic or mustard and, when released, is quickly absorbed into the skin and/or mucous membranes and begins an irreversible process of damaging the cells. A. Sulfur mustard (H) B. Lewisite (L) C. Ricin D. Anthrax

A

In addition to handling all types of specialty trauma, which level of trauma center provides continuing medical and public education programs? A) I B) II C) III D) IV

A

In low doses, these chemicals are associated with dizziness, light-headedness, headache, and vomiting. A. Hydrogen cyanide (AC), Cyanogen chloride (CK) B. Cyanogen chloride (CK), chlorine (CL) C. chlorine (CL), phosgene D. phosgene, Hydrogen cyanide (AC)

A

Maintain ___ clearance around driver airbags that have not deployed. A. Ten Inches B. Fifteen Inches C. Twenty Inches D. Five Inches

A

Removal of a pt. from entrapment or a dangerous situation or position, such as removal from a wrecked vehicle, industrial accident, or building collapse. A. extrication B. simple access C. partial access D. complex access

A

The NIMS provides standardization in (four things): A. Terminology, Resource classification, Personnel training, Certification B. Terminology, Resource classification, Personnel training, Licensing C. Terminology, Personnel classification, Personnel training, Licensing D. Terminology, Personnel classification, Personnel training, Certification

A

The ability to gain entry to an enclosed area and reach a pt. A. access B. simple access C. partial access D. complex access

A

The most potent neurotoxin is ____, which is produced by bacteria. A. Botulinum B. Lewisite (L) C. Ricin D. Anthrax

A

The study of the characteristics of projectiles in motion and their efects on the objects they impact is called: A. Ballistics B. Forensics C. Cavitation D. Trajectory

A

Two metabolic agents : A. Hydrogen cyanide (AC), Cyanogen chloride (CK) B. Cyanogen chloride (CK), chlorine (CL) C. chlorine (CL), phosgene D. phosgene, Hydrogen cyanide (AC)

A

What are the types of chemical agent: A. Vesicants (blister agents), Respiratory agents (choking agents), Nerve agents, Metabolic agents (cyanides) B. Respiratory agents (choking agents), Nerve agents, Metabolic agents (cyanides) C. Nerve agents, Vesicants (blister agents), Metabolic agents (cyanides) D. Metabolic agents (cyanides), Vesicants (blister agents), Respiratory agents (choking agents)

A

When assessing a patient with a crush injury, which of the following findings would indicate that toxins have entered the central circulation? A. Cardiac arrhythmia B. Central hyperventilation syndrome C. Increased urine output D. Hot, red skin

A

Which of the following acts resulted in the development of modern EMS systems? A) Highway Safety Act of 1966 B) Good Samaritan Act C) Ryan White Act D) The Trauma Care Systems Planning and Development Act of 1990

A

Which of the following is considered a priority when determining "what needs to be done" during the scene size-up? A. Incident stabilization B. Rescue operations C. Notifying hospitals D. Establishing operations

A

Which of the following is more relevant to the assessment and history of the medical patient than to the trauma patient? A. OPQRST B. DCAP-BTLS C. SAMPLE D. AVPU

A

Which of the following is not a reason for rescue failure according to the mnemonic 'FAILURE"? A. limited access to the patient B. inadequate rescue skills C. lack of teamwork or experience D. unmastered equipment

A

Which of the following is not a reason for rescue failure according to the mnemonic 'FAILURE"? A. limited access to the patient B. inadequate rescue skills C. lack of teamwork or experience D. unmastered equipment

A

Which of the following mechanisms of injury does NOT call for immediate transport to a trauma center? A) Motor vehicle crash with a 20-miles-per-hour impact B) 30-foot fall from a tree C) Pedestrian struck by a vehicle at 20 miles per hour D) Motor vehicle crash requiring 1 hour for patient extrication

A

A blistering agent that has a rapid onset of symptoms and produces immediate, intense pain and discomfort on contact. A. Sulfur mustard (H) B. Lewisite (L) C. Ricin D. Anthrax

B

A nerve agent that is one of the G agents; twice as persistent as sarin and five times as lethal; it has a fruity odor, as a result of the type of alcohol used in the agent, and is a contact and inhalation hazard that can enter the body through skin absorption and through the respiratory tract. A. sarin (GB) B. soman (GD) C. tabun (GA) D. V agent (VX)

B

A penetrating injury to which of the following ogans is LEAST likely to result in severe hemorrhage? A. Spleen B. Ureter C. Kidney D. Liver

B

As a paramedic your role in trauma care consists of all of the following EXCEPT: A. Providing care to seriously injured trauma patients B. Providing surgical interventions to stop hemorrhage C. Promoting injury prevention D. Providing rapid transport to appropriate facilities

B

At no time should medical or rescue personnel enter a trench deeper than __′ without proper shoring in place. A. 3 B. 4 C. 6 D. 2

B

Hydrogen cyanide (AC) and cyanogen chloride (CK) are both agents that affect the body's ability to use ____. A. Glucose B. Oxygen C. muscles D. ATP

B

In falls, which section of the spinal column is the MOST prone to compression injury? A. Thoracic B. Lumbar C. Cervical D. Sacral

B

Maintain ___ clearance around passenger airbags that have not deployed. A. Ten Inches B. Twenty Inches C. Two Inches D. Twelve Inches

B

Patient's lymph nodes become infected and grow -Glands of the nodes will grow large and round, forming buboes -If left untreated, the infection may spread through the body, leading to sepsis and possibly death. A. Ebola B. Bubonic plague C. Rift Valley D. Yellow fever

B

Respirator with independent air supply used by fire fighters to enter toxic and otherwise dangerous atmospheres. A. Air purifier B. Self-Contained Breathing Apparatus (SCBA) C. Sealed & Contained Breathing Apparatus D. Air purifier with a filter

B

The NIMS ____ ____ will provide strategic direction for and oversight of the NIMS, supporting routine maintenance and continuous improvement of the system in the long term. A. Resource Center B. Integration Center C. Command Center D. Interoperability Center

B

The purpose of determining the mechanism of injury and the index of suspicion for the trauma patient at the same time is to allow you to: A. Document a complete scene size-up B. Anticipate your patient's injuries C. Identify comorbid factors D. Decide whether to transport the patient

B

The three viral hemorrhagic fevers (VHFs) are all EXCEPT which: A. Ebola B. Bubonic plague C. Rift Valley D. Yellow fever

B

Toxicity levels measure the health risk that a substance poses to someone who comes into contact with it. There are ___ levels from __ to __. A. 5, 1 to 5 B. 5, 0 to 4 C. 4, 1 to 4 D. 4 0 to 3

B

A neurotoxin derived from mash that is left from the castor bean; causes pulmonary edema and respiratory and circulatory failure leading to death. A. Botulinum B. Lewisite (L) C. Ricin D. Anthrax

C

A trauma center that is committed to special emergency department training and has a degree of surgical capability but that usually stabilizes and transfers seriously injured patients is a Level ________ trauma center. A) I B) II C) III D) IV

C

A trauma system is based on the principle that serious trauma is a ________ disease. A) psychological B) medical C) surgical D) trauma

C

During a motor vehicle collision involving multiple patients, the IC would MOST likely: A. delegate all of the command functions to the appropriate personnel. B. relinquish command when a senior EMS provider arrives at the scene. C. designate a safety officer, but retain other command functions. D. maintain responsibility for all of the command functions.

C

The most deadly substances known to humans. A. Vesicants B. Respiratory agents C. Neurotoxins D. Metabolic agents

C

The pathway of injury left in the wake of a penetrating MOI is called: A. Profile B. Trajectory C. Cavitation D. Cone of Injury

C

The primary role of the EMT is to provide emergency care and prevent further injury to the patient. At the extrication scene, it may also include: A. establishing a tactical command post. B. containment and disposal of hazardous materials. C. gaining access and disentanglement. D. traffic control and maintaining order at the scene.

C

Two pulmonary (choking) agents: A. Hydrogen cyanide (AC), Cyanogen chloride (CK) B. Cyanogen chloride (CK), chlorine (CL) C. chlorine (CL), phosgene D. phosgene, Hydrogen cyanide (AC)

C

Unlike viruses and bacteria, they are not contagious and have a faster onset of symptoms. A. Vesicants B. Respiratory agents C. Neurotoxins D. Metabolic agents

C

Upon arriving on a scene where the mechanism of injury indicates a potentially life-threatening injury, which of the following interventions will BEST help deliver the care that is needed? A) Ask a surgeon to respond to the scene. B) Re-evaluate the scene size-up. C) Call immediately for air medical transport to reduce the "Golden Hour." D) Initiate transport immediately, delaying assessment until you are en route

C

Use eye protection to protect your eyes from the cornstarch or ____ that is used on air bags by manufacturers. A. Baking powder B. Baby powder C. Talc powder D. Baking Soda

C

Which level of trauma facility has minimal surgical support but can stabilize before transferring to a higher-level trauma facility? A) I B) II C) III D) IV

C

Which of the following abdominal organs is the least affected by the pressure wave associated with penetrating trauma? A. Kidneys B. Liver C. Bowel D. Spleen

C

Which of the following injuries is most likely in a rear-end collision? A. Pelvic fractures B. Lumbar spine injuries C. Head and neck injuries D. Thoracic and abdominal injuries

C

Has been produced for chemical warfare and is a product of combustion such as might be produced in a fire at a textile factory -Very potent agent that has a delayed onset of symptoms, usually hours -The odor produced by the chemical is similar to that of freshly mown grass or hay. The result is that much more of the gas is allowed to enter the body unnoticed. -Initially, a mild exposure may include nausea, chest tightness, severe cough, and dyspnea on exertiond. -A severe exposure produces such large amounts of fluid in the lungs that the patient may actually become hypovolemic and subsequently hypotensive. A. Hydrogen cyanide (AC) B. Cyanogen chloride (CK) C. chlorine (CL) D. phosgene

D

How far should you park the ambulance when responding to a trench rescue? A. At least 600' B. At least 200' C. At least 400' D. At least 500'

D

Maintain ___ clearance around side-impact airbags that have not deployed. A. Ten Inches B. Fifteen Inches C. Twenty Inches D. Five Inches

D

Of the four G agents which is a clear oily agent that has no odor and looks like baby oil. It is more than 100 times more lethal than sarin and is extremely persistent. It is easily absorbed into the skin, and the oily residue that remains is extremely difficult to decontaminate. A. sarin (GB) B. soman (GD) C. tabun (GA) D. V agent (VX)

D

Symptoms of both inhaled and ingested ricin include: A. liver necrosis and diarrhea. B. dehydration and convulsions. C. joint pain and bradycardia. D. fever and headache.

D

The command and management component of the NIMS is based on three key constructs except which: A. ICS B. multiagency coordination systems C. public information systems D. plain language communications

D

The three vesicant agents are all except which : A. Sulfur mustard (H) B. Lewisite (L) C. Phosgene oxime (CX) D. Cyanogen chloride

D

What actions are necessary to protect the patient during auto extrication operations? A. Ventilations should be provided by use of self contained breathing apparatus (SCBA). B. The patient should wear the same protective clothing as the rescuer. C. Cover the patient with disposable, paper cot sheets. D. Use heavy blankets and backboards as a shield.

D

Which level of trauma facility stabilizes and prepares to transport trauma patients to a higher-level facility but does NOT necessarily have surgical capabilities? A) I B) II C) III D) IV

D

Which of the following accounts for the highest number of trauma deaths in the US? A. Assaults B. Firearms injuries C. Falls D. Motor vehicle crashes

D

Which of the following is TRUE of shotgun ammunition? A. The closer the shooter is to the victim, the larger the area of visible damage B. "Double ought" or #00 shot contains a large number of relatively small pellets C. The shot is dispersed from the cartridge with high velocity D. A shotgun may either fire one slug or use ammuntion with multiple pellets

D

____ ____ requires special tools, such as hand, pneumatic, and hydraulic devices. Requires special training and includes breaking windows or other means of forcible entry. A. extrication B. simple access C. partial access D. complex access

D