ch.17
what are the three major mechanisms of heat transfer?
conduction, convection, and radiation.
describe what happens to solar radiation when it strikes an object.
1 some energy is absorbed by the object. 2 substances such as water and air are transparent to certain wavelengths of radiation. 3 some radiation may bounce off the object without being absorbed or transmitted.
describe what happens to solar radiation when it strikes an object.
1 some energy is absorbed by the object. 2 substances such as water and air are transparent to certain wavelengths of radiation. 3 some radiation may bounce off the object without being absorbed or transmitted.
how is the atmosphere affected by each of the heat transfer mechanisms?
All three operate to transfer energy between he Earth's surface, both land and water and the atmosphere. Conduction is the least important mechanism of heat transfer because air is a poor conductor of heat. It only works with the air is in direct contact with. Convection works like a pan of boiling water, the lowest layer of the atmosphere is unequally heated and therefore keeps circulating and heating. Radiation travels through the vacuum of space and he atmosphere. Solar energy reaches the Earth by radiation. Both hot and cold objects emit radiation, gases are good absorbers and radiators.
assessment
ch.17.2
list and describe the three major mechanisms of heat transfer in the atmosphere
conduction: the transfer of heat through matter by molecular activity. convection: the transfer of heat by mass movement or circulation within a substance. radiation: travels out in all directions from its source.
how is the atmosphere affected by convection? conduction? radiation?
convection takes place where molecules are free to move about. conduction transfers heat through matter by molecular activity. and radiation travels through the vacuum of space
how are heat and temperature related?
heat is a factor of temperature and the amount of stuff present in energy, temp is average kinetic energy (movement) of molecules in a substance (hotter=move faster, colder= move slower)
ch.17.2
heating the atmosphere
dark objects tend to absorb more radiation than light-colored objects. explain whether dark objects or light objects on earth's surface would be better radiators of heat
light objects would be better because light has less paticles which means they can move around more.
how are heat and temperature related
temperature is the measure of how cold or hot something is, and heat is the energy transferred between objects that are at different temperatures
contrast reflection and scattering.
the reflected radiation has the same intensity as the incident radiation. scattering makes a larger number og weaker rays that travel in different directions.