ch.19 fire safety

a comprehensive fire safety program should have at least the following elements

assessment, planning, awareness and prevention, and response

combustible liquids have a flash point of

at or above 37.8 C or 100.04 F

flammable liquids have a flash point of

at or below 37.8 C or 100.04 F

chemical reactions in a fire break down materials into

basic elements

what is found in almost every flammable substance

carbon

in a fire, released carbon atoms combine with oxygen to form either

carbon dioxide or carbon monoxide

class D fires

combustible metals

how is excess heat transferred to other objects

conduction, radiation, or convection

conduction

direct thermal energy heat transfer, molecule to molecule, through solids and liquids

what plays a major role in causing fires

natural and generated electricity

exit routes must be how tall

no less than 7'-6'' in height

the elements required to start and sustain a fire in the smoldering mode are

oxygen, fuel, heat

yellow=

reactivity

what may extinguish a fire

removing the fuel, starving the fire of oxygen, or cooling it below the combustion point

fire walls are defined by

their ability to slow the spread of fire

what is the best way to reduce a fire

to prevent their occurence

almost everything in the industrial environment can burn

true

doors must be unlocked from the inside on exit doors

true

how many exits are required under normal conditions

2

exit routes

continuous unobstructed path that leads from any location in the workplace to a place of safety

what is one of the principal ways to control a fire or extinguish it

cooling

radiation

electromagnetic wave heat transfer through air in a straight line to surrounding solids

the products of combustion is

energy in the form of heat

exit routes 3 components

exit access, exit, and exit discharge

fire is what type of reaction

exothermic chemical reaction

special categories include

extremely active oxidizers and flammables containing oxygen

all common packing materials dont burn easily

false

automatic fire detection systems employ the same means of detecting a fire

false

carbon dioxide can not deplete oxygen concentrations in the air near the fire

false

carbon dioxide is colorless, odorless, deadly gas

false

liquid and solid fuels not first converted to a vapor before they burn

false

most fatalities from fire result for burns

false

most flammable liquids are heavier than water, meaning that you can put out the fire with water

false

spontaneous combustion is rare and impossible

false

the trend with regard to safety standards is away from the performance-based approach to traditional specifications-based approach

false

fire hazards are conditions that favor

fire development or growth

red=

flammability

class B fires

flammable liquids and gases

blue=

health

exothermic reactions generate what

heat

convection

heat transfer through the movement of hot gases

the elements required to start and sustain a fire in the flaming mode are

heat, an oxidizing agent, a reducing agent, and a chemical chain reactive

what is found in most fuels, combines with oxygen to form water

hydrogen

by-products of combustion include

light and smoke

auto-ignition temperature

lowest point at which the vapors of a liquid or solid self-ignites without a source of ignition

fire point

lowest temperature at which vapors will continue to burn, given a source of ignition

almost 40% of all such injuries occur in

manufacturing

class A fires

solid fuels

white=

special information

endothermic reactions consume more heat than they generate

true

heat always travels from a higher temperature to a lower one

true

heat in the form of hot surfaces, can be a source of ignition

true

loose atoms bond with each other to create substances that were not originally present

true

many of the gases present in smoke and a fire site are toxic to humans

true

most fatalities from fire result from breathing toxic gases and smoke, or from suffocating because of lack of oxygen

true

most gases are lighter than air

true

red, blue, yellow and white diamond label is used to identify hazards present when a substance burns

true

synthetic polymers in plastics and vinyls often form deadly toxic fumes when they are consumed, melted, or disintegrated in the presence of fire or high heat

true

class C fires

live electricity

flash point

The lowest temperature at which vapors are produced in sufficient concentration to burn, given a source of ignition

for a fire to start, there must be either

a source of ignition or a sufficiently high temperature for the fuel

how are fires classified

according to their properties, which relate to the fuels

OSHA provides specific requirements for manual firefighting in 3 optional approaches including

all employees, designated employees, and fire brigades

exit discharge

any part of the exit route that leads directly outside of the building or to an open space that has access to the outside

exit

any part of the exit route that provides a means of access to the exit discharge

exit access

any portion of an exit route that leads to an exit

what is an explosion

very rapid, contained fire

what can be treated to reduce their flammability

wood and textiles