Ch.22 - 23 History of the World Test

Victor Emmanuel II

First king of Italy

Francis Ferdinand

His assassination led to the beginning of World War I

Battle of Leyte Gulf

Japan lost almost all of its remaining ships and airplanes

German bitterness towards European nations

The worst result of the Treaty of Versailles

Hiroshima

This city was wiped out and 90,000 people killed on August 6, 1945

September 2, 1945

This date also known as V-J Day that ended WW II

Austria

This nation declared war on Serbia that led to the beginning of WW I

D-Day

the LARGEST amphibious assault in history

Holocaust

6 million Jews and others were slaughtered by the Nazis

Dwight D. Eisenhower

American general who led the invasion at Normandy

Lusitania

An English passenger liner sank by a U-boat off the coast of Ireland in 1915

Third International

An organization dedicated to spreading Communist revolution throughout the world and establishing a worldwide Communist state

Central Powers

Another name for Triple Alliance during WW I

Winston Churchill

Became the Prime Minister of Great Britain during the Battle of Britain and most of WW II

Ivan III

Became the first true national leader of a UNITED Russia

Michael Romanov

Began the Romanov dynasty that lasted 300 years

Fascist

Benito Mussolini became the leader of this party

Neville Chamberlain

British Prime Minister who allowed to surrender Sudetenland to Germany

Peter the Great

Built Built St. Petersburg to serve as his "window to the west"

Joseph Stalin

Communist dictator of Russia who signed the Nazi-Soviet Pact with Hitler

Billy Sunday

Converted Baseball star that became a famous evangelist

October 1917

Date for the Bolshevik Revolution,

Danish - Soren Kierkegaard

Formulated Existentialism - the viewpoint which denies that there is any truth or ultimate reality and says that man must make his own meaning

Ferdinand Foch

French Field Marshall who led the Allied forces and began to drive the Germans back.

Blitzkrieg

German words for lightning war

Battle of the Bulge

Germans launched their last great offensive in the West during WW II

Era of Bismarck

Germany became a strong industrial and military power between 1871 - 1890

June 22, 1941

Germany invaded Russia on this date

Zimmerman Note

Germany offered Mexico its lost land in the American Southwest in return for Mexico's help if the United States should enter the war.

November 11, 1918

Germany signed an armistice and ended WW I

Adolf Hitler

He became the "Der Fuhrer" of the Third Reich

Hindenburg

He became the supreme commander of all Central Power forces

Nicholas II

He created Duma, an elected legislative body with limited powers

Franklin D. Roosevelt

He proposed the New Deal which was supposed to help Americans recover from the Depression.

Alexander II

Known as "Czar Liberator"

Henry Petain

Leader of Vichy government in the southern France who he collaborated with the Germans

Vladimir Lenin

Leader of the first Communist State

Fransisco Franco

Led revolution against Spanish socialist government

Douglas MacArthur

Led the American troops in the Pacific was forced to leave the Philippines

Bernard Montgomery

Led the British troops against the Axis, Africa Corps

Charles de Gaulle

Led the Free French government

U.S.S.R. Soviet Socialist Republics

Lenin created this to bring all of non-Russian nationalities under one centralized Communist regime.

USA, Great Britain, France, Italy

Name the Big Four

Triple Entente

Name the alliance between England, France, Russia

Axis Powers

Name the alliance between Germany and Italy during WW II

Atomic Bomb

Perfected in 1945 and was used to make the Japanese surrender

Woodrow Wilson

President of the U.S. during WW I

Otto von Bismarck

Prussian chancellor of unified Germany

Wilhelm I

Prussian kaiser (emperor) of united Germany

Great purge

Stalin's reign of terror that rooted out anyone who posed even the slightest threat to his authority

December 7, 1941

The Japanese made a surprise attack on the U.S. naval fleet and airfield at Pearl Harbor on this date

Modernism

The Spiritual Condition of Europe that denied the basic doctrines of Christianity

Lend-Lease Act

The U.S. Congress allowed war material to be given to England on credit.

Battle of Coral Sea

The first naval battle in history in which the enemy ships NEVER saw each other

Poland

The invasion of this nation started WW II

Gallipoli Campaign

The largest British offensive in the east led by Winston Churchill

Chiang Kai-Shek

The leader of Nationalist - Chinese government asked the United States for assistance by declaring an embargo on Japan cutting off all oil exports to the nation

The Battle of Jutland

The most important naval battle of the war that took place in the North Sea

USA

The only nation who refused to join the League of Nations after WW I

Japan

Under Tripartite Treaty, what nation joined Germany, and Italy during War II

U-boats

Undersea boat or submarine

June 28, 1914

WW I started on this date

September 3, 1939

WW II started on this date

Proletariat

Working class

Communist Manifesto

Written by Marx that laid out a program for Communist revolution

Fascism

a form of socialism which allows people to keep their private property but takes away their freedom

automobile

became a symbol of prosperous twenties

Charles Lindberg

he made the first non-stop transatlantic flight in 1927

Harry S. Truman (1945-1953)

he made the painful decision to drop the atomic bomb

Capitalism

the economic system based on private ownership and control of business industry

Socialism

the economic system based on state (government) ownership and control of business and industry

London

this city was bombed mercilessly for three months during the Battle of Britain