Ch34 quizzes

The correct answer is: inform the child's mother that her son is deceased.

A 2-month-old infant was found unresponsive in his crib by his mother. When you arrive, you determine that the infant is apneic and pulseless. His skin is pale and cold and his arms are stiff. You should: Select one: A. inform the child's mother that her son is deceased. B. begin high-quality CPR and transport immediately. C. request the medical examiner to perform an autopsy. D. begin high-quality CPR and request an ALS ambulance.

The correct answer is: cool the child with tepid water and transport to the hospital.

A 2-year-old female has experienced a seizure. When you arrive at the scene, the child is conscious, crying, and clinging to her mother. Her skin is hot and moist. The mother tells you that the seizure lasted approximately 5 minutes. She further tells you that her daughter has no history of seizures, but has had a recent ear infection. You should: Select one: A. place the child in cold water to attempt to reduce her fever. B. cool the child with tepid water and transport to the hospital. C. suspect that the child has meningitis and transport at once. D. allow the mother to drive her daughter to the hospital.

The correct answer is: Blood pressure of 70/40 mm Hg

A 5-year-old child has had severe vomiting and diarrhea for 4 days. Which of the following assessment findings would be the MOST indicative of decompensated shock? Select one: A. Respiratory rate of 30 breaths/min B. Pulse rate greater than 120/min C. Blood pressure of 70/40 mm Hg D. Capillary refill time of 4 seconds

The correct answer is: moderate dehydration.

A 6-month-old male presents with 2 days of vomiting and diarrhea. He is conscious, but his level of activity is decreased. The infant's mother tells you that he has not had a soiled diaper in over 12 hours. The infant's heart rate is 140 beats/min and his anterior fontanelle appears to be slightly sunken. You should suspect: Select one: A. moderate dehydration. B. severe dehydration. C. mild dehydration. D. hypovolemic shock.

The correct answer is: 6 months.

A child may begin to show signs of separation anxiety as early as: Select one: A. 2 months. B. 6 months. C. 12 months. D. 18 months.

The correct answer is: stridor.

A high-pitched inspiratory sound that indicates a partial upper airway obstruction is called: Select one: A. stridor. B. rhonchi. C. wheezing. D. grunting.

The correct answer is: croup.

A viral infection that may cause obstruction of the upper airway in a child is called: Select one: A. bronchitis. B. asthma. C. epiglottitis. D. croup.

The correct answer is: not rule out compensated shock.

After determining that an infant or child has strong central pulses, you should: Select one: A. assess his or her respiratory effort. B. not rule out compensated shock. C. assume the child is hypertensive. D. conclude that the child is stable.

The correct answer is: head bobbing.

All of the following are normal findings in an infant or child, EXCEPT: Select one: A. quiet breathing. B. belly breathing. C. fear or anxiety. D. head bobbing.

The correct answer is: absent urine output.

An infant with severe dehydration would be expected to present with: Select one: A. absent urine output. B. excessive tearing. C. bulging fontanelles. D. moist oral mucosa.

The correct answer is: cause the child to vomit.

An oropharyngeal airway should not be used in children who have ingested a caustic or petroleum-based product because it may: Select one: A. depress the gag reflex. B. result in airway swelling. C. result in a soft-tissue injury. D. cause the child to vomit.

The correct answer is: place him or her on a firm surface.

Before positioning an infant or child's airway, you should: Select one: A. thoroughly suction his or her airway. B. place him or her on a firm surface. C. put padding behind his or her head. D. rule out an injury to the spinal cord.

The correct answer is: shins

Bruising to the _________ is LEAST suggestive of child abuse. Select one: A. shins B. buttocks C. back D. face

The correct answer is: entrapment in a structural fire.

Burns in children are commonly caused by all of the following, EXCEPT: Select one: A. hot items on a stovetop. B. exposure to caustic chemicals. C. scalding water in a bathtub. D. entrapment in a structural fire.

The correct answer is: hyperglycemia.

Causes of infant death that may be mistaken for SIDS include all of the following, EXCEPT: Select one: A. meningitis. B. severe infection. C. hyperglycemia. D. child abuse.

The correct answer is: hyperglycemia.

Common causes of seizures in children include all of the following, EXCEPT: Select one: A. electrolyte imbalances. B. poisonings or ingestion. C. infection. D. hyperglycemia.

The correct answer is: drooling or congestion.

Infection should be considered a possible cause of an airway obstruction in an infant or child, especially if he or she presents with: Select one: A. drooling or congestion. B. extreme restlessness. C. skin that is cool and dry. D. acute respiratory distress.

The correct answer is: blood vessels near the skin are constricted.

Pale skin in a child indicates that the: Select one: A. blood vessels near the skin are constricted. Correct B. child's core body temperature is elevated. C. child is in severe decompensated shock. D. oxygen content in the blood is decreased.

The correct answer is: sunken fontanelles.

Signs and symptoms of meningitis in the infant or child include all of the following, EXCEPT: Select one: A. a stiff or painful neck. B. altered mental status. C. sunken fontanelles. D. headache and fever.

The correct answer is: a rash.

The EMT should be MOST concerned when a child presents with fever and: Select one: A. ear pain. B. a rash. C. chills. D. a headache.

The correct answer is: vomiting and diarrhea.

The MOST common cause of dehydration in pediatric patients is: Select one: A. high fever. B. internal blood loss. C. vomiting and diarrhea. D. refusal to drink fluids.

The correct answer is: neonatal period.

The first month of life after birth is referred to as the: Select one: A. neonatal period. B. toddler period. C. premature phase. D. start of infancy.

The correct answer is: allow you to rapidly and visually form a general impression of the child.

The purpose of the pediatric assessment triangle (PAT) is to: Select one: A. gather critical data by performing a rapid hands-on assessment of the child. B. allow you to rapidly and visually form a general impression of the child. C. facilitate a rapid head-to-toe assessment of the child by visualization only. D. determine if the child's vital signs are within the age-appropriate limits.

The correct answer is: vary widely, depending on the child's age and weight.

The signs and symptoms of poisoning in children: Select one: A. vary widely, depending on the child's age and weight. B. are most severe if the child ingested a poisonous substance. C. usually present within the first 10 minutes of ingestion. D. are typically consistent among all age and weight groups.

The correct answer is: at the feet.

Unless he or she is critically ill or injured, you should generally begin your assessment of a toddler: Select one: A. in the ambulance. B. at the head. C. at the feet. D. en route to the hospital.

The correct answer is: his or her tidal volume is adequate.

Use of a nonrebreathing mask or nasal cannula in a child is appropriate ONLY if: Select one: A. he or she is breathing inadequately. B. his or her respirations are shallow. C. his or her tidal volume is adequate. D. an oral airway has been inserted.

The correct answer is: age of the child and the size of the car that struck him or her.

When a child is struck by a car, the area of greatest injury depends MOSTLY on the: Select one: A. age of the child and the size of the car that struck him or her. B. height of the child and the speed at which the car was traveling. C. speed at which the car was traveling when impact occurred. D. size of the child and the height of the bumper upon impact.

The correct answer is: place oxygen tubing through a hole in a paper cup.

When administering oxygen to a frightened child, it would be MOST appropriate to: Select one: A. have a parent restrain the child as you give oxygen. B. tightly secure the oxygen mask straps to the face. C. place oxygen tubing through a hole in a paper cup. D. use a nasal cannula instead of a nonrebreathing mask.

The correct answer is: talk to the child, not just the caregiver.

When assessing an 8-year-old child, you should: Select one: A. rely solely on the parent for information. B. use a toe-to-head assessment approach. C. talk to the child, not just the caregiver. D. refrain from taking a blood pressure.

The correct answer is: femoral

When assessing the heart rate of a 6-month-old infant, you should palpate the brachial or ________ pulse. Select one: A. popliteal B. radial C. femoral D. carotid

The correct answer is: have a female EMT remain with her if possible.

When caring for a female child who has possibly been sexually abused, you should: Select one: A. carefully examine the genitalia for signs of injury. B. encourage the child to urinate and take a shower. C. immediately report your suspicions to the parents. D. have a female EMT remain with her if possible.

The correct answer is: depress the tongue with a tongue depressor

When inserting an oropharyngeal airway in an infant or child, you should: Select one: A. insert it until the flange rests on the teeth. B. depress the tongue with a tongue depressor. C. place padding under the child's head. D. ensure that his or her neck is hyperextended. Feedback

The correct answer is: Why did your child ingest the poison?

When questioning the parent of a child who ingested a poisonous substance, which of the following questions would be of LEAST pertinence initially? Select one: A. What time did the ingestion occur? B. Do you know what substance was ingested? C. Why did your child ingest the poison? D. Have you noticed any signs or symptoms?

The correct answer is: 20 g

Which of the following an appropriate dose of activated charcoal for a 20-kg child? Select one: A. 20 g B. 12.5 g C. 25 g D. 50 g

The correct answer is: An unresponsive 5-year-old male with shallow respirations

Which of the following children would benefit the LEAST from a nonrebreathing mask? Select one: A. A conscious 4-year-old male with adequate tidal volume B. An unresponsive 5-year-old male with shallow respirations C. A responsive 6-year-old male who responds appropriately D. A semiconscious 7-year-old female with normal ventilation

The correct answer is: Consistency in the method of injury reported by the caregiver

Which of the following findings is LEAST suggestive of child abuse? Select one: A. Burns to the hands or feet that involve a glove distribution B. Evidence of alcohol consumption or drug use at the scene C. Consistency in the method of injury reported by the caregiver D. An unexplained delay in seeking medical care after the injury

The correct answer is: Sexual activity

Which of the following inquiries should you make in private when obtaining a SAMPLE history from an adolescent patient? Select one: A. Sexual activity B. Duration of symptoms C. Change in bladder habits D. Past medical history

The correct answer is: Death as a result of SIDS can occur at any time of the day or night.

Which of the following statements regarding sudden infant death syndrome (SIDS) is correct? Select one: A. Death as a result of SIDS can occur at any time of the day or night. B. SIDS is most commonly the result of an overwhelming infection. C. Certain cases of SIDS are predictable and therefore preventable. D. The cause of death following SIDS can be established by autopsy.

The correct answer is: palpate for a carotid pulse.

While triaging patients at the scene of a motor-vehicle crash, you encounter a 5-year-old child who is unresponsive and apneic. After positioning his airway, you should: Select one: A. deliver 5 rescue breaths. B. categorize him as deceased. C. palpate for a carotid pulse. D. categorize him as immediate.

The correct answer is: administering blow-by oxygen and transporting the child with her mother.

You are dispatched to a residence for a child with respiratory distress. The patient, an 18-month-old female, is tachypneic, has sternal retractions, and is clinging to her mother. Her skin is pink and dry, and her heart rate is 120 beats/min. The MOST appropriate treatment for this child includes: Select one: A. allowing the child to remain with her mother and applying a nasal cannula. B. separating the child from her mother and providing ventilatory assistance. C. requesting a paramedic ambulance to insert an advanced airway device. D. administering blow-by oxygen and transporting the child with her mother.