Ch9

many companies are moving from assembly line layout in which workers do only a few tasks at a time, to a ____

modular layout (teams of workers combine to produce more complex units of the final product)

most productive time for American manufacturing?

now

___ as a bridge between knowing customer needs and satisfying them

operations management

ISO 9001

quality management and assurance standards QUALITY

just-in-time inventory control

requires accurate production schedule (using ERP) and coordination w suppliers

lawyers, doctors, entertainers, accounting, etc is

service

today: service or manufacturing?

service! less man

mass customization

tailoring products to meet the needs of a large number of individual customers (now practiced widely, even in service sector)

process manufacturing

that part of the production process that physically or chemically changes materials

assembly process

that part of the production process that puts together components to make a product (car)

critical path

the sequence of activities in a project that is expected to take the longest to complete

the ultimate goal of operations management is

to provide high-quality goods and services instantaneously in response to customer demand

operations management in school

uses info, professors, supplies, buildings etc to create services that transform students into educated people (teaching and explanation)

fixed position layout

workers congregate around product to be completed (bridge)

telecommuting

working from home via computer

3 basic requirements of production

1) to build and deliver products in response to the demands of the customer at a scheduled delivery time 2_) to provide acceptable quality level 3) to provide everything at lowest cost possible time, quality, cost

U.S. became more competitive because

1)computer aided design and manufacturing 2) flexible manufacturing 3) lean manufacturing 4) mass customization 5) robotics 6) 3D printing

PERT steps

1. Analyzing and sequencing tasks 2. Estimating the time needed to complete each task 3. Drawing a PERT network illustrating the first two steps 4. Identifying the critical path

More than _ percent of U.S. GDP and about __ percent of jobs are now in the ___

70; 80; service sector

Materials Requirement Planning (MRP)

A computer-based operations management system that uses sales forecasts to make sure that needed parts and materials are available at the right time and place.

Program Evaluation and Review Technique (PERT)

A method for analyzing the tasks involved in completing a given project, estimating the time needed to complete each task, and identifying the minimum time needed to complete the whole project.

Enterprise Resource Planning (ERP)

A newer version of Materials Requirement Planning (MRP), that combines the computerized functions of all the divisions and subsidiaries of the firm--such as finance, human resources, and order fulfillment--into a single integrated software program that uses a single database.

Additive Manufacturing

Building up a product layer-by-layer from digital instructions; 3-D printing

Maintaining Quality

Consistently producing what the customer wants while reducing errors before and after delivery. NOT AN OUTCOME ANYMORE

___ adds value, or utility, to materials or processes

Production

American industry won't employ as many ppl as it did in the 1950s

T

china may soon be the world's largest robot market

T

robots have begun taking over in service businesses as well T/F

T

Statistical Process Control (SPC)

The process of testing statistical samples of product components at each stage of the production process and plotting those results on a graph. Any variances from quality standards are recognized and can be corrected if beyond the set standards.

operations management in the service industry is all about creating

a good experience for those who use the service

intermittent process

a production process in which the production run is short and the machines are changed frequently to make different products

Six Sigma Quality

a quality measure that allows only 3.4 defects per million opportunities

production management

activities that help firms create goods

Gantt Chart

bar graph ,also done by computer, that shows what projects are being worked on and how much has been completed at any given time

ISO 14001

collection of best practices for managing an organization's impact on the environment ENVIRONMENT

operations management can be an interfirm process meaning

companies work closely together to design, produce, ship products to customers

CAD + CAM

computer-integrated manufacturing (CID) it's the kid lol

Production processes are either

continuous or intermittent

operations management

converts or transforms resources, including human resources like technical skills and innovation, into goods and services

production

creation of finished goods and services using the factors of production: land, labor, capital, entrepreneurship, knowledge

Baldridge Award Criteria

customer happy

make a unique product or provide a specific service to a specific individual

customize

flexible manufacturing

designing machines to do multiple tasks so that they can produce a variety of products

operations management planning helps solve problems w

facility location and layout materials requirement planning purchasing inventory control quality control

the production process

inputs, production control (planning, routing, scheduling etc), outputs

today many manufacturers use

intermittent process; new tech allows custom made to be fast too

operations management includes

Inventory management Quality control Production scheduling Follow-up services

continuous process

a production process in which long production runs turn out finished goods over time

Deming Cycle

another quality control approach plan do check act

process layout

similar equipment and functions are grouped together

purchasing

the function in a firm that searches for high-quality material resources, finds the best suppliers, and negotiates the best price for goods and services

facility layout

the physical arrangement of resources (including people) to most efficiently produce goods and provide services for customers

facility location

the process of selecting a geographic location for a company's operations

Statistical Quality Control (SQC)

the process some managers use to continually monitor all phases of the production process to assure that quality is being built into the product from the beginning

lean manufacturing

the production of goods using less of everything compared to mass production inc capacity to make high quality goods while dec need for resources

computer-aided manufacturing (CAM)

the use of computers in the manufacturing of products

form utility

the value producers add to materials in the creation of finished goods and services