Chain of infection pass to class

The nurse is evaluating whether a non-nursing staff member understands how to prevent the transmission of HIV. Which of the following behaviors indicates correct application of universal precautions? 1.An asisstant puts on a mask and protective eye wear to assist a nurse in suctioning a patient with a tracheostomy 2.An aide wears gloves to feed a helpless person who is too weak to feed themselves 3.A lab technician rests his hand on a desk steadly to recap a needle after drawing blood from the patient 4.A pregnant worker refuses to care for a client who has been diagnosed with AIDS because her baby will get it

1.

Which question is least useful in the assessment of a client with AIDS? 1.How old were you when you became sexually active? 2.Are you a current IV drug user? 3.How many sex partners do you have right now? 4.What is your method of birth control to prevent pregnancy?

1.

A child is admitted to the pediatric unit with a diagnosis of suspected meningococcal meninigitis. Which of the following nursing measures should the nurse do FIRST? 1. Place on respiratory isolation 2. Institute seizure precautions 3. Assess neurologic status 4. Assess vital signs

1. The initial therapeutic management of acute bacterial meningitis includes isolation precautions, initiation of antimicrobial therapy and maintenance of optimum hydration. Nurses should take necessary precautions to protect themselves and others from possible infection.

The nurse is instructing auxillary personnel in the correct procedures regarding a patient with potential blood and body fluid exposure. Which statment by the CNA indicates the BEST understanding of the correct protocol for blood and body fluid precautions? 1. "I will need to wear a mask when coming in contact with those patients." 2. "I should wear gloves and a gown when handling soiled items." 3. "I can wear an isolation gown and be fine" 4. " The patient will need to be placed in a private room."

2.

Several clients are admitted to an adult medical unit. The nurse should ensure airborne precautions for a client with which of the following medical conditions? 1. A diagnosis of AIDS and cytomegelovirus 2. A positive PPD with an abnormal chest x-ray 3. A tentative diagnosis of viral pneumonia 4. Advanced carcinoma of the lung

2. The client who must be placed in airborne precautions is the client with a positive PPD (purified protein derivative) who has a positive x-ray for a suspicious tuberculin lesion.

An adult woman had been admitted to the hospital with a diagnosis of tuberculosis after receiving a pre-employment physical. She is anxious and wants to know how she contracted this disease. What is the nurse's MOST appropriate response? 1. "You got this disease from touching a person that was contaminated." 2. "You got this because of an infected persons droplets in the air." 3. "You probably drank contaminated mild products." 4. "You got this because of using dirty eating utensils."

2.Hands are the primary method of transmission of the common cold. The most frequent means of transmission of the tubercle bacillus is by droplet nuclei. The bacillus is present in the air as a result of coughing, sneezing, and expectoration of sputum by an infected person. The tubercle bacillus is not transmitted by means of contaminated food. Contact with contaminated food or water could cause outbreaks of salmonella, infectious hepatitis, typhoid, or cholera. The tubercle bacillus is not transmitted by eating utensils. Some exogenous microbes can be transmitted via reservoirs such as linens or eating utensils.

A client is diagnosed with methicillin resistant staphylococcus aureus pneumonia. What type of isolation is MOST appropriate for this client? 1. Reverse isolation 2. Respiratory isolation 3. Contact isolation 4. Standard precautions

3. Contact or Body Substance Isolation (BSI) involves the use of barrier protection (e.g. gloves, mask, gown, or protective eyewear as appropriate) whenever direct contact with any body fluid is expected. When determining the type of isolation to use, one must consider the mode of transmission. The hands of personnel continues to be the principal mode of transmission for methicillin resistant staphylococcus aureus (MRSA). Because the organism is limited to the sputum in this example, precautions are taken if contact with the patient"s sputum is expected. A private room and BSI, along with good hand washing techniques, are the best defense against the spread of MRSA pneumonia.

A 17 year old is to be admitted in the medical-surgical unit. He is diagnosed with febrile seizures. In preparing for his admission, which of the following is the most important nursing action? 1. Place a urine container and specimen cup on the bedside table 2. Order a STAT admission CBC and other blood work 3. Place a cooling mattress on his bed 4. Pad the rails of his bed

4.Preparing for routine laboratory studies is not as high a priority as preventing injury and promoting safety. Preparing for routine laboratory studies is not as high a priority as preventing injury and promoting safety. A cooling blanket must be ordered by the physician and is usually not used unless other methods for the reduction of fever have not been successful. The child has a diagnosis of febrile seizures. Precautions to prevent injury and promote safety should take precedence.