chap 14 psych

Enduring behavioral and cognitive tendencies that are learned and expressed by evaluating particular people, places, or things with favor or disfavor are known as __________.

attitudes

According to Durlez and Stangor & Crandall, there is often social and economic__________between people of different races and religions.

conflict

In the early 1950s, a classic experiment on _________ was conducted by Solomon Asch.

conformity

In the early 1950s, a classic experiment on__________was conducted by Solomon Asch.

conformity

Lisa has been invited to a party. Immediately after receiving the invitation, she meets with a group of friends to discuss what they plan to wear to the party. Lisa then decides what to wear based on everybody's opinion. Lisa's behavior demonstrates:

conformity.

Stanley Milgram studied the factors that contribute to__________.

obedience-to-authority

In the context of the Milgram studies, despite the expressed American ideal of independence, we are__________from early childhood to obey authority figures such as parents and teachers.

socialized

The _________ is the tendency to attribute our own behavior to situational factors but to attribute the behavior of others to dispositional factors.

​actor-observer effect

_____ assert that people's behavior is influenced by their values, by how they interpret situations, and by choice.

Cognitive psychologists

Females are more likely than males to behave aggressively because males empathize with the victim.

FALSE

The fundamental attribution error is the tendency to attribute others' behaviors to situations, not their dispositions.

FALSE

Which brain structure is associated with aggression in nonhumans?

Hypothalamus

Vasily participated in a replication of the Milgram Studies. Similar to the other "teachers" in the Milgram experiments, as Vasily became more emotionally aroused, his emotions interfered with clear thinking. Which of the following hypotheses to explain obedience holds true in this scenario?

Inaccessibility of values

Briefly explain prejudice and discrimination.

Prejudice is when a person has a certain demeanor toward a certain group that leads people to think that the group members do not have the best reputation. Discrimination is when the person actively treats the group poorly because of their prejudice.

Which of the following is true of stereotyping?

Stereotyping may lead people to view members of groups in a biased fashion.

Which hormone is associated with the tendency to dominate and control others?

Testosterone

According to Bardem & Tormala (2014) and Bohner & Dickel (2011), what are the factors that affect the likelihood that people can predict behavior from attitudes?

The factors are specificity, strength of attitudes, vested interest, and accessibility.

Romantic love, in Sternberg's scheme, refers to__________.

an-intense--positive-emotion-that-involves-sexual-attraction--feelings-of-caring--and-the-belief-that-one-is-in-love

On a(n) _________ level, prejudice is associated with negative feelings such as fear, dislike, or hatred.​

emotional

Keisha takes care to look smart and attractive for her job interview. In terms of social perception, this demonstrates that she recognizes that__________are important.

first-impressions

Prejudices act as cognitive filters through which people view the social world. People tend to think of people as "familiar" or "foreign," or "good" or "bad." Their feelings and reactions toward others may be biased by these perceptions. This source of prejudice is referred to as__________.

information-processing

According to Durlez and Stangor & Crandall, people are apt to like people who______________.

share-their-attitudes

Yarema is a cyclist. He notices that whenever he trains with someone else, his time improves markedly. In the context of group behavior, this phenomenon occurs due to a process known as:

social facilitation.

From the _________, aggressive skills are mainly acquired by observation of other people acting aggressively.

social-cognitive perspective​

The group effect called _________ is likely to lead the group to make more risky shifts in decision-making.

​polarization