Chap. 18-20 Module test

The maximum life span of an erythrocyte is about (blank) days:

120

Red blood cells makes up about (blank percent) of a centrifuged sample of whole blood.

44%

Typically, an adult's body contains _______ of blood. (liters?)

5 liters

The normal pH of blood is:

7.35-7.45

(blank) increase(s) stroke volume:

??????

Which of the following statements concerning ventricles is not true: A. the right and left ventricles pump different volumes of blood B. The right and left ventricles pump blood at different pressures C.The right and left ventricles both contain papillary muscles D. The right and left ventricles do not contain pectinate muscles E. All of the above are true

A.

A patient has type B+ blood, and needs a transfusion. Which of the following blood type(s) can she receive without risk of agglutination? A. A+ and B+ B. B+ and O- C. A- and B- D. AB+ only E. none of the above can be transfused safely

B

During ventricular systole the: a. ventricles are relaxed b. ventricles are contracting

B

Which of the following statements concerning cardiac muscle is not true? A. the myofilaments of cardiac muscle cells are aligned in sarcomemes B. Cardiac muscle has very few mitochondria C. Cardiac muscle has intercalated discs D. Cardiac muscle cells can spontaneously depolarize E. All of the above are true

B

Which of the following statements concerning red blood cells is not true? A. Red blood cells are formed elements B. Red blood cells divide about once every 60 days C. Red blood cells are also called erythrocytes D. Red blood cells do not contain a nucleus E. All of the above are true

B

A decrease in venous return (preload) would cause: A. An increase in stroke volume B. A decrease in end diastolic volume C. An increase in cardiac output D. An increase in end diastolic volume E. None of the above

B.

Which of the statements concerning hemoglobin is true? A. hemoglobin can bind nitrogen and oxygen B. Hemoglobin is made of heme and collagen C. Hemoglobin can bind up to four molecules of oxygen D. hemoglobin contains a magnesium ion E. none of the above are true

C

If a person has O+ blood, which antibodies will be found in their plasma? A. none B. anti O and anti Rh only C. Anti B only D. Anti A and anti B only E. anti A and Rh only

D

If a person has blood type A+, what proteins (antigens) are found in their red blood cell membranes? A. A only B. B only C. A and B only D. A and Rh factor only E. B and Rh factor only

D

Which of the following skeleton muscles the atrioventricular valves? A. Pectinate B. Mesinate C. Chordae Tendinae D. Tendinosus E. No skeletal muscles close the AV valves

E

Which part of the hemoglobin cannot be recycled and must be broken down?

Heme

Which type of channel is open during the repolarization phase of the cardiac action potential?

K+ channels

Which type of channel is open during the depolarization phase of the cardiac action potential?

Na+ Channels

What are the formed elements?

Platelet, leukocyte, and erythrocyte

The most abundant plasma proteins are the:

albumins

Just prior to atrial systole:

all four chambers are at rest and AV valves are open

Which valve prevents the backflow of blood into the left ventricle when the ventricles relax?

aortic semilunar valve

The P wave of the EKG corresponds to

atrial depolarization

Which type of leukocyte releases histamine?

basophil

Cardiac output is the amount of blood that is pumped:

by a single ventricle in one minute

Why are the left ventricle walls thicker than the right ventricular walls? a. the left ventricle has to pump more blood than the right ventricle b. the left AV valve has more cusps than the right c. the pressure gradient in the systemic circuit is greater than the pulmonary circuit d. the left ventricle contracts faster than the right ventricle e. none of the above

c

What is the sequence of events in the transmission of an impulse through the heart muscle? a. AV NODE b. AV bundle c. SA node d. Through the atria e. through the ventricles f. bundle branches g. purkinje fibers

c,d,a,b,f,g,e

The papillary muscles attach to the cusps of the atrioventricular valves by means of the:

chordae tendineae

During platelet plug formation, platelets begin to stick to:

collagen

Which action leads to the closure of the left atrioventricular valve?

contraction of the left ventricle

The main function of leukocytes is:

defend against pathogens

An intercalated disc contains:

desmosomes and gap junctions

Stroke volume equals

end diastolic volume - end systolic volume

The outside layer of the heart wall is called both the (blank) and the (blank) layer of the serous pericardium.

epicardium, visceral

Which hormone controls erythrocyte production?

erythropoietin

The last step of the clotting process is the conversion of (blank), a soluble protein, into (blank), an insoluble protein polymer

fibrinogen, fibrin

Cardiac output equals

heart rate x stroke volume

The process of producing the formed elements of blood is called:

hemopoiesis

If the aortic valve fails, blood would backflow into the:

left ventricle

Old erythrocytes are phagocytized in the

liver and spleen

Most common agranulocyte

lymphocyte

Formed elements that can transform into macrophages are:

monocytes

The thickest layer of the heart wall is the:

myocardium

The most abundant types of leukocytes are:

neutrophils

Blood is a fluid connective tissue composed of formed elements and (blank)

plasma

After blood passes through the pulmonary trunk, blood passes through the:

pulmonary semilunar valve

The reflexes that respond to low blood pressure (especially when over 10% of the body's blood has been lost) are controlled by the (blank) division of the nervous system and can trigger vasoconstriction.

sympathetic

During the cardiac cycle, when blood is ejected from the ventricle:

the semilunar valves are open

In autorythmic SA nodal cells, the pacemaker potential is caused by the opening of "slow" voltage-gated Na+ channels causing the cells to depolarize automatically. T or F

true

The first phase in hemostasis is

vascular spasm

The QRS complex of the ECG corresponds to

ventricular depolarization

An increase in contractility would cause: A. decrease in stroke volume B. decrease in end diastolic volume C. decrease in end systolic volume D. increase in end systolic volume E. none of the above

?????????

During the plateau phase of a cardiac muscle cell's action potential, the membrane stays A. depolarized as potassium exits and calcium enters B. depolarized as potassium enters and calcium exits C. repolarized as sodium enters and calcium exits D. hyperpolarized as sodium and calcium exit E. hyperpolarized as potassium enters and calcium exits

A

The first phase of hemostasis involves: A. vasoconstriction B. Vasodilation C. Leukocyte activation D. Fibrinolysis E. None of the above

A

Which of the following statements concerning blood flow is not true? A. Arteries always carry oxygenated blood B. Veins carry blood toward the heart C. Arteries carry blood away from the heart D. Blood flow is unidirectional E. All of the above is true

A

Which of the following statements concerning platelets is incorrect? A. platelets have large multilobed nucleus B. platelets are derived from precursors cells called megakaryocytes C. platelets are involved in the process of hemostasis D. Platelets have a lifespan of about 10 days E. all of the above are true

A

Norepinephrine is considered a positive chronotropic agent since it causes: A. heart cell membrane potentials to become more positive during action potentials B. an increase in the firing rate of SA node cells C. more forceful contractions during each heart beat D. resting membrane potential of heart cells to become more negative E. the release of thyroid hormone

B