CHAP 22

. ___may result from an incident of subclinical disease. Choose the category of acquired immunity that fits each of the following. A. Naturally acquired active immunity B. Artificially acquired active immunity C. Naturally acquired passive immunity D. Artificially acquired passive immunity

A

1. With the development of modern vaccines we have brought which of the following diseases to the point where we can now say it has been eradicated? A. Smallpox B. Polio C. Diptheria D. Pertussis

A

14. Which of the following vaccines are conjugate vaccines where part of the capsular polysaccharides are added to a tetanus or diphtheria toxoid? A. Hib B. MMR C. Salk polio D. Sabin polio

A

4. Active immunity develops after the A. antigens enter the body and induce an immune response. 578 All information provided for reference only Join us on Facebook.com/thetopgrades B. antiserum is injected into the body. C. antibodies pass across the placenta to the fetus. D. antibodies pass in the colostrum to the newborn

A

9. Which of the following is a drawback to the use of inactivated vaccines? A. Booster shots are required to maintain immunity for long periods of time. B. They have to be kept refrigerated. C. They have a short shelf life. D. All of the above are correct

A

___follows a case of disease Choose the category of acquired immunity that fits each of the following. A. Naturally acquired active immunity B. Artificially acquired active immunity C. Naturally acquired passive immunity D. Artificially acquired passive immunity

A

___person becomes ill and produces own antibodies Choose the category of acquired immunity that fits each of the following. A. Naturally acquired active immunity B. Artificially acquired active immunity C. Naturally acquired passive immunity D. Artificially acquired passive immunity

A

follows unintentional exposure to antigens. Choose the category of acquired immunity that fits each of the following. A. Naturally acquired active immunity B. Artificially acquired active immunity C. Naturally acquired passive immunity D. Artificially acquired passive immunity

A

produces memory cells from illness responsible for antibody production. Choose the category of acquired immunity that fits each of the following. A. Naturally acquired active immunity B. Artificially acquired active immunity C. Naturally acquired passive immunity D. Artificially acquired passive immunity

A

11. Which of the following is a single-dose vaccine? A. Sabin polio vaccine B. Diphtheria-tetanus-acellular pertussis (DTaP) vaccine C. Salk polio vaccine D. All of the above are single-dose vaccines

B

13. Conjugate vaccines contain toxoids because A. toxoids are much easier to store. B. polysaccharide antigens by themselves produce a weak immune response. C. they are only used for diseases caused by toxins. D. the pathogen that they are designed to protect against has no other antigens.

B

15. Recombinant subunit vaccines have been developed against A. polio. B. hepatitis B. C. tetanus. D. None of the above is correcT

B

21. Herd immunity is affected by all the following factors except A. the environment. B. antibiotic use. C. immune system strength. D. the number of vaccinated people in the population.

B

6. The intentional injection of an attenuated virus into a person will lead to A. naturally acquired active immunity. B. artificially acquired active immunity. C. naturally acquired passive immunity. D. artificially acquired passive immunity

B

7. The Sabin oral polio vaccine is prepared with _______ polioviruses that stimulate the immune system. 579 All information provided for reference only Join us on Facebook.com/thetopgrades A. activated B. attenuated C. killed D. parts of

B

8. Attenuated viral vaccines are more difficult to use in developing countries than inactivated viral vaccines because A. they require more booster shots. B. they require refrigeration to retain their effectiveness. C. it is difficult finding enough sterile needles for them. D. it is difficult finding enough medical personnel to administer the vaccines.

B

___can be raised to a higher level by booster shots. Choose the category of acquired immunity that fits each of the following. A. Naturally acquired active immunity B. Artificially acquired active immunity C. Naturally acquired passive immunity D. Artificially acquired passive immunity

B

___follows an injection of attenuated virus. Choose the category of acquired immunity that fits each of the following. A. Naturally acquired active immunity B. Artificially acquired active immunity C. Naturally acquired passive immunity D. Artificially acquired passive immunity

B

0. Immunity to the disease _______ may be stimulated by injection of a preparation of _______. A. pertussis; attenuated viruses B. meningitis; inactivated virus C. diphtheria; toxoid 580 All information provided for reference only Join us on Facebook.com/thetopgrades D. measles; bacterial fragments

C

12. Subunit vaccines are those that use A. parts of antibody molecules as antigens. B. fragments of phagocytes in solution. C. parts of microorganisms such as pili and capsular polysaccharides. D. preparations of haptens.

C

17. A child receiving antibodies in the colostrum during nursing has acquired immunity that is A. passive and active. B. natural and artificial. C. passive and natural. D. artificial and passive.

C

18. Serum sickness may accompany the development in the body of A. cell-mediated immunity. B. the complement cascade. C. artificial passive immunity. D. natural active immunity.

C

5. Which of the following types of vaccines induce the strongest immune response, sometimes giving a lifelong immunity? A. Conjugate vaccine B. DNA vaccine C. Live attenuated vaccine D. Recombinant subunit vaccine

C

___arises from antibodies in the colostrum. Choose the category of acquired immunity that fits each of the following. A. Naturally acquired active immunity B. Artificially acquired active immunity C. Naturally acquired passive immunity D. Artificially acquired passive immunity

C

___arises from the passage of maternal antibodies Choose the category of acquired immunity that fits each of the following. A. Naturally acquired active immunity B. Artificially acquired active immunity C. Naturally acquired passive immunity D. Artificially acquired passive immunity

C

__provides protection for the first six months of life. Choose the category of acquired immunity that fits each of the following. A. Naturally acquired active immunity B. Artificially acquired active immunity C. Naturally acquired passive immunity D. Artificially acquired passive immunity

C

also is called congenital immunity. Choose the category of acquired immunity that fits each of the following. A. Naturally acquired active immunity B. Artificially acquired active immunity C. Naturally acquired passive immunity D. Artificially acquired passive immunity

C

_develops after treatment with antitoxin Choose the category of acquired immunity that fits each of the following. A. Naturally acquired active immunity B. Artificially acquired active immunity C. Naturally acquired passive immunity D. Artificially acquired passive immunity

D

16. Passive immunity can A. involve an injection of antibodies. B. be acquired by a child from its mother. C. be administered with a convalescent serum. D. All the above are correct.

D

19. When the immune system recognizes a foreign protein in a serum injection, immune complexes form and complement is activated, a person may develop a type of reaction called A. immune complex disease. B. anaphylaxis. C. hypersensitivity. D. serum sickness

D

2. How does an individual gain naturally acquired active immunity? A. Get the disease and recover from it. B. Be exposed exposed to the disease, but have a subclinical case. C. Be born with a natural immunity to the disease. D. Both A and B are correct, but not C

D

20. Which one of the following is not a characteristic of convalescent serum? A. It protects against an illness. B. It is derived from the blood of a patient recovering from an illness. C. It is used to treat an established disease. D. It is made from a pool of sera from animals.

D

3. An individual generally acquires natural active immunity after A. an injection of IgG. B. an infusion of T lymphocytes. C. a blood transfusion. D. suffering an illness

D

__results from an injection of hyperimmune serum Choose the category of acquired immunity that fits each of the following. A. Naturally acquired active immunity B. Artificially acquired active immunity C. Naturally acquired passive immunity D. Artificially acquired passive immunity

D

may lead to serum sickness Choose the category of acquired immunity that fits each of the following. A. Naturally acquired active immunity B. Artificially acquired active immunity C. Naturally acquired passive immunity D. Artificially acquired passive immunity

D