chappter 6 figurative language vocab :( lol

simile

Direct comparison of 2 unlike things comparison of two things, indicated by some connective: like, as, than, or a verb such as resembles Expresses a similarity but 2 things have to be dissimilar in kind In general, refers to only one characteristic that 2 things have in common

metaphor

comparison of two things w/o connective, statement that one thing is something else, but in a literal sense, is not Not plainly limited in the number of resemblances it may indicate figure of speech that describes something (frequently some abstract concept or feeling) by asserting that it is, on some point of comparison, the same as some other otherwise unrelated objection/action concrete image = idea/emotion or unrelated image

Overstatement (hyperbole)

emphasize a point with a statement containing exaggeration, may also be used for humorous purposes ex: She is going to die of embarrassment I'm so hungry that I could eat a horse!

Understatement

implying more than is said (opposite of hyperbole) (litotes)a positive statement is expressed by negating the opposite of that statement. understatement used as an affirmation; expressed by the negative of its contrary Ex:this isn't rocket science you won't regret it

Transferred epithet

kind of metonymy, device of emphasis in which the poet attributes some characteristics of a thing to another thing closely associated with it, The epithet, the descriptor, however it may be attached to a noun, actually describes another noun in the sentence -adjective tied to noun, literally doesn't make sense, only makes sense with figurative language thinking Ex: it was a wonderful day

Synecdoche

kind of metonymy, use of a part of a thing to stand for the whole of it or vice versa Ex: she lent a hand=she lent her entire presence Ask for her hand [in marriage] All hands on deck

Pun

play on words Reminds us of another word/words of similar or identical sound but of very different denotation A joke that exploits the different possible meanings of a word, or uses words that sound alike. ex:You can tune a guitar, but you can't tuna fish. Unless of course, you play bass

Paradox

statement that at first strikes us as self-contradictory but that on reflection makes some sense Ex: day brought back my night It must be cruel to be kind The more you see, the less you know

Personification

subset of metaphor, human characteristics ascribed to the unhuman thing or animal or an abstract term is made human

Metonymy

the name of a thing is substituted for that of another closely associated with it Ex: The white house decided=the president did the pen is mightier than the sword

Mixed metaphor

thoughtlessly mix metaphors

Implied metaphor

uses neither connective nor the verb to be, assumed

Apostrophe

way of addressing someone or something invisible or not ordinarily spoken to May address: Inanimate object Abstract thing Spirit Give life to inanimate, body to intangible, and way of speaking to it person to person